Tru-cut specimens of thyroid tissue from 37 cases of autoimmune thyroiditis, 23 cases of hyperthyroidism and 13 cases of thyrotoxicosis with thyroiditis were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using monodonal antibody specific for HIA-DR antigen. Results showed that thyroid epithelial cells aberrant expressed DR antigen and the number of DR~+ thyrocytes was significantly increased in thyroid gland with intense lymphocytes infiltration and severe destruction of throid architecture. The data suggest that TSH, thyroglobulin antibodies, thyroid microsomes antibodics can bring some stimulation HLA-DR antigen expression in thyrocytes.

Objective To approach the pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of cystitis glandularis. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 172 cases of cystitis glandularis was made and the experience on its diagnosis and treatment was summed up.Transurethral electroresection was performed in 132 cases.Of these cases,93 with lower urinary obstruction simultaneously underwent electroresection of pathological foci of lower urinary obstruction caused by bladder-neck contracture or hyperplasia of seminal colliculus,and 16 cases with complicated hymenal lesion at meatus urinarius received resection and plastic operation of hymenal lesion.Instillation of drug at bladder trigone was performed in 40 patients who refused surgical operation and in 16 patients whose symptoms still existed after electroresection. Results Seventy-eight of the 132 cases in which transurethral electroresection had been performed showed normal findings in cystoscopy during a follow-up study of 6～36 months;their symptoms disappeared,the cure rate being 58%.Thirty-two of the 56 cases for whom bladder trigone instillation had been performed had their symptoms subsided or remitted,the effective rate being 57%. Conclusions The lower urinary obstruction is the common cause of leading to cystitis glandularis.Transurethral electroresection or electrovaporization is the main method of treating cystitis glandularis.It can also simultaneously remove obstructive foci which causes cystitis glandularis.The bladder trigone instillation is an effective method of treating cystitis glandularis.

A morphologic and immunohistochemical studies were performed on the thyroid tissue of 13 thyrotoxicosis with thyroiditis(TTOT) and 9 hashimotoxocosis(HSHT). We found that the inflmmatory injure in HSHT was stronger than that in TTOT, and also, there were (?)ore infiltrating cells and activated T cells in HSHT (?) that in TTOT. Nevertheless, in both HSHT and TTOT, most of the infiltrating mononclear cells were T lymphocytes, and the proportion of T cell subsets, B lymphocytes and macrophages were almost the same, suggesting there might. be similar immunopathogencsis in these two diseases.

砄bjective: To study the mineralization and related differential phenotype of human dental papilla cells in vitro . Methods: Human dental papilla cells were primarily cultured with explant technique, the cells of third passage were incubated for a long term in the presence of 10 mmol/L ? glycerophosphate(? GP)and 50 ?g/ml of ascorbic acid (L AA) in DMEM containing 5% FBS. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin(OC) were measured at different culture time. Cell growth was observed under inverted microscope and mineralization was tested with Von Kossa stainning. Results: Cultured papilla cells were growing in multilayer. Cells exposed to ? GP and L AA exhibited higher ALP activity in 14 days and increased OC in 21 days with certain amount of secreted matrix. After 35 days of culture, mineralized tubercles were formed. ALP activity and synthesized OC began to decrease after 42 days of culture. Conclusion: Human dental papilla cells may show odontoblast phenotype in vitro .

Objective To detection the carrying situation of Clostridium difficile toxin gene A/B in stool specimens of the pa-tients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and persons undergoing physical examination and to research the relationship between Clostridium difficile toxin gene carrying and UC.Methods The stool specimens were collected from 53 cases of UC(32 cases of active stage and 21 cases of resting stage) and 45 persons undergoing physical examination.Total DNA was extracted from stool specimens.The Clostridium difficile toxin gene cdtA and cdtB were detected by real-time PCR ,then the PCR products were amplified and performed the agarose gel electrophoresis and gene sequencing for conducting the amplification products verification.Results 7 cases of cdtA and 4 cases of cdtB were checked out in the UC group ,in which 5 cases of cdtA and 2 cases of cdtB were in the UC active stage group ,2 cases of cdtA and 2 cases of cdtB were in the UC resting stage group.In the healthy control group ,5 cases of cdtA and 2 cases of cdtB were checked out.The detection rate of cdtA and cdtB had no statistically significant difference between the UC group and healthy control group(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between UC active group and inactive group (P>0.05).Conclusion There is no appearant correlation between the carrying situation of cdtA and cdtB in stool with UC onset and UC stage.

[Summary] The experience of diagnosis and treatment in a case of hypothyroidism with severe ascites and extremely elevated blood CA125 levle was summarized,the mechanism for severe ascites and extremely elevated blood CA125 were discussed,and the diagnosis clues and the main points of differential diagnosis were proposed.

Objective To study the difference and significance of serum Cytokine(IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α)of the young adult with excessive drinking.Methods using ELISA technology to measure difference of serum cytokine of thirty young adults with excessive drinking and twenty young adults with no excessive drinking,and dealing with the above data by spss11.0.Results data of serum cytokine(IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α)are respectively 0.307±0.144 mg/L,3.207±1.477mg/L,0.321±0.105mg/L,and data of serum Cytokine of twenty young adults with no excessive drinking are respectively 0.205±0.121 mg/L,2.323±0.756 mg/L,0.246±0.099mg/L,serum cytokine level of the young adults with excessive drinking is different from serum cytokine level of the young adults with no excessive drinking(P<0.05).Conclusion serum cytokine level of the young adults with excessive drinking is higher than serum cytokine level of the young adults with no excessive drinking.

Objective To describe the natural history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)Ⅰand the biologic factors associated with the progression of CINⅠ and to analyze the predictive values of p16INK4a protein for the progression of CINⅠ. Methods From August 2010 to July 2013, 104 patients referred for abnormal cytology [≤ low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL); including negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM), atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), LSIL] and high-risk (HR) HPV positive,and were diagnosed CINⅠ by colposcopy-assisted biopsy and followed at 1-year intervals in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. In order to analyze the relationship between the progression of CINⅠ with clinical biologic factors, including patient age, cervical cytology before colposcopy, loads of HR HPV, HPV L1 capsid protein, p16INK4a protein,χ2 tests was used to compare the different frequencies of factors in groups of progressed and persisted/regressed CINⅠ, then five factors with progressed CINⅠwere processed into binary logistic regression analysis. Results (1) In the first year of follow-up, among 104 patients(including 15 cases NILM,78 cases ASCUS,11 cases LSIL), 52 cases of them were NILM and HR HPV negative, 30 cases were negative for intraepithelial lesion, 10 cases were CINⅠ, 5 cases were CINⅡand 7 cases were CINⅢ. In total, 82 cases (78.8%,82/104) cases had regressed, 10 cases (9.6%,10/104) persisted, 12 cases (11.5%,12/104) progressed [including 5 cases (4.8%,5/104) progressed to CIN Ⅱ, 7 cases (6.7%,7/104) progressed to CIN Ⅲ, none progressed to invasive cancer]. (2) All patients, 88 cases of them accepted immunohistochemical detection the expression of p16INK4a protein. The result shown that 30 cases (34%,30/88) were positive and 58 cases (66%,58/88) were negative. And 94 cases accepted immunocytochemical detection the expression of HPV L1 capsid protein, 49 cases (52%,49/94) were positive and 45 cases (48%,45/94) were negative. (3) Univariate analysis showed that age of the patient, loads of HR HPV, cervical cytology before colposcopy and the expression of HPV L1 capsid protein were not risk factors of the progression of CINⅠ(all P>0.05) except for the expression of p16INK4a protein (P<0.05). Multivariable analysis found that p16INK4a protein positive was associated with progression of CINⅠ(OR=5.1,95%CI:1.162-22.387,P=0.031). (4) Thirty-one cases were p16INK4a protein positive, 8 cases (27%,8/30) of them progressed,while 4 cases (7%,4/58) of 58 cases with p16INK4a protein negative progressed,in which there were significant difference (P<0.05). The sensitivity was 75%, the specificity was 71%, the positive predictive value was 27%and the negative predictive value was 93%for progression to CINⅡ-Ⅲof p16INK4a protein staining. Conclusions The progression rate of CINⅠwith abnormal cytology (≤LSIL) and HR HPV positive was lower, and there was no progression to invasion at 1-year intervals. Immunostaining of p16INK4a protein as the risk factors of CINⅠprogression could have a role in prediction of CINⅠand the management of high-risk CINⅠ.

BACKGROUND:5-Fluorouracil occupies an important position in the treatment of gastric cancer, but its long-term use can easily induce adverse reactions such as myelosuppression and leukopenia. Polylactic acid and its copolymers have a higher biocompatibility, and their decomposer cannot gather in the body.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the in vitro cytotoxicity mechanism of 5-fluorouracil-loaded polylactic acid nanoparticles on gastric cancer cel lines.
METHODS:Ten mice were selected in this study. 5-fluorouracil-loaded polylactic acid nanoparticles (1×10-7, 1×10-6, 1×10-5, 1×10-4 mol/L) were prepared using ultrasonic emulsification method. Kiling effect of polylactic acid nanoparticles on gastric cancer cel lines in vitrowere detected. Then, the inhibition rate was calculated at different concentrations.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Under the transmission electron microscope, 5-fluorouracil-loaded polylactic acid nanoparticles had good shape and relatively evenly distributed with no adhesions. After drug administration, the drug concentration was 50% at 24 hours and 62.9% at 72 hours. After 48 hours co-culture with single 5-fluorouracil or 5-fluorouracil-loaded polylactic acid nanoparticles, the viability of gastric cancer cels showed a decrease trend with the increase of drug concentrations, and moreover, 5-fluorouracil-loaded polylactic acid nanoparticles had a better cel inhibition ability than the single 5-fluorouracil (P < 0.05). The IC50value of 5-fluorouracil-loaded polylactic acid nanoparticles was significantly lower than that of 5-fluorouracil (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that polylactic acid nanoparticles as good drug carriers have a strong drug loading capacity and increase drug concentration in the body, but cannot reduce the biological activity of 5-fluorouracil, which provide new ideas for the treatment of gastric cancer.

Objective To evaluate the role of histone methylation in the spinal cord in maintenance of neuropathic pain (NP) in rats.Methods Sixty healthy male Wistar rats, weighing 200-250 g, aged 6-8 weeks, were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =12 each) using a random number table: control group (C group), sham operation group (S group), NP group, chaetocin group (CH group), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group.NP was induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) to the sciatic nerve in NP, CH and DMSO groups.The sciatic nerve was only exposed in group S.H3K9 methylation methyltransferase inhibitor chaetocin 50 μg was injected intrathecally in group CH, and the equal volume of DMSO was given instead in group DMSO for 4 consecutive days, starting from 2nd day after CCI.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured before CCI (T0),before administration on 2nd day after CCI (T1), and at 5, 7, 9 and 14 days after CCI (T2-5).Six rats in each group were sacrificed after measurement of pain threshold at T3 and T5, and the lumbar segment of the spinal cord was removed for detection of the methylated H3K9 expression by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with C group, no significant change was found in the MWT, TWL and methylated H3K9 expressionat each time point in S group (P＞0.05) , the MWT was significantly decreased, and the TWL was shortened at T1-5, and the methylated H3K9 expression was up-regulated at T3 and T5 in NP and DMSO groups, and the MWT was significantly decreased, and the TWL was shortened at T1 in CH group (P＜ 0.05).Compared with NP group, the MWT was significantly increased, and the TWL was prolonged at T2-5, and the methylated H3K9 expression was down-regulated at T3 and T5 in CH group (P＜0.05) , and no significant change was found in the MWT, TWL and methylated H3K9 expression at each time point in DMSO group (P＞0.05).Conclusion Histone methylation in the spinal cord is involved in the maintenance of NP in rats.