Vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells,structurally and functionally closely related,are two main cells of vascular wall.While the interaction between cycling factors and vascular wall cells can lead to the occurrence of atherosclerosis.The injury of endothelial cells results in secretory dysfunction and abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle cells which narrows the cavity of blood vessel and cause spasm.This is the common pathological basis of the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases.In the pathological state of atherosclerosis,the proliferation of smooth muscle cell will be affected by what the vascular endothelial cells secrete,like growth factors,cytokines,and vasoactive substances.This paper gives a comprehensive overview of the latest research advances in this field.

BACKGROUND: The root canal filling materials available have different degrees of noxious stimulation to periapical tissue and cannot induce growth and regeneration of bone at the periapical region. Moreover, the operation of canal filling is not easily controlled.OBJECTIVE: To investigate biocompatibility and osteoconductivity between periapical tissue and compound coral paste after root canal filling.DESIGN: Controlled observation.SETTING: Department of Stomatology in the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering by the State Ministry of Education, School of Stomatology in Wuhan University from September 2002 to January 2006. Eight adult female mongrel dogs, weighed 15 kg, were offered by the Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA (SYXK-2003-0007). Each dog contained 32 root canals, and totally 256 root canals were utilized in this study.METHODS: Experimental animals underwent general anesthesia by the intravenous injection of sodium pentobarbital (30 mg/kg), then tracheal intubation was utilized for the root canal filling, and the canals were randomly distributed into two groups: experimental group (n=128) with compound coral paste (coral 40 g and iodoform 8 g, offered by the Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering by the State Ministry of Education, School of Stomatology in Wuhan University); control group (n=128) with gutta-percha point+zinc oxide-eugenol sealer. One animal was sacrificed by anesthetic overdose at 2, 4, 12 and 24 weeks after root canal filling, dental film by X-ray and light microscope were used for the examination.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Periapical inflammation: Cells were counted in a high power field, and three levels were defined as mild (＜100 cells/mm2), moderate (100-200 cells/mm2) and severe (＞200 cells/mm2).②destruction and regeneration of periapical tissues.③bone substitute of compound coral paste in periapical regions.RESULTS: Eight mongrel dogs were all involved in the result analysis.①Periapical shadow by X-ray film: Distinct shadow at root apex area can not be observed in the experimental group at each stage. While two cases appeared the root apex shadow in the control group at 12 and 24 weeks, respectively.②Histopathological observation: At 2 weeks after root filling,inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in each group, which was dominantly neutrocyte. There was a mild inflammation in experimental group and a moderate inflammation in control group. Four weeks after root filling, there were focal inflammatory cells infiltrated around the coral particles in the experimental group, but in the control group there were a great deal of inflammatory cells in periapical tissue. Twelve weeks after root filling, in experimental group, there was no inflammatory cell infiltration was observed, the deposition of bone combined tightly with coral particles was detected, and apical foramen became smaller;, but in the control group, there were still inflammatory cells circumvohiting the gutta-percha point. After 24 weeks, coral particles was not observed at the root filling region in the experimental group, and they were replaced by a great deal deposition of bones, root foramens were sealed completely and grew into root canal wall. Root apex was coated with fibrous tissue in the control group.CONCLUSION: This compound coral paste shows good compatibility after filling, promotes the osteoconductivity, and seals the root foremen, so it can be used as a root canal filling material.

BACKGROUND: In vivo animal experiments have found that magnesium al oy stents can be completely degraded in a slow, orderly and non-toxic manner fol owing the vascular remodeling. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the applied effect and biocompatibility of a new type of magnesium al oy stent in blood vessels. METHODS: Forty-two crossbreed dogs were implanted with absorbable magnesium al oy stents via the coronary artery or left femoral artery. At days 1, 3, 5 and weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 after implantation, coronary or femoral artery angiography, inflammatory factor detection and morphological analysis targeting intimal hyperplasia were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 1 day after implantation, the stents had the complete shape and were ful y extended; at 3 days after implantation, the stents were degraded partial y; at 1 week after implantation, the stents were degraded completely. Within 1-3 weeks after implantation, the levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 continued to decrease. At 2 and 3 weeks after implantation, the target vessels presented with mild intimal hyperplasia. As time went on, the hyperplasia area increased gradual y, and the percentage of intimal hyperplasia increased gradual y. Blood magnesium concentration remained unchanged before and after stent implantation. The results show that the new absorbable magnesium al oy stent can be completely degraded within 1 week after stent implantation and has good biocompatibility.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of vitamin B12 combined with mouse nerve growth factor in the treatment of neurogenic tinnitus. METHODS:270 patients with neurogenic tinnitus were randomly divided into control group 1, control group 2 and observation group. Control group 1 was treated with Vitamin B12 injection 25 μg by intramuscular injection, once a day;control group 2 was treated with mouse nerve growth factor 18 μg adding into 2 ml water for injection for dissolution, once a day;observation group was treated with Vitamin B12 injection 25 μg(the usage was the same as control group 1)+mouse nerve growth factor 18 μg(the usage was the same as control group 2). 6 d was a treatment course,and it lasted 2 courses. Clinical efficacy,and sleep SPIEGEL score and incidence of adverse reactions before and after treatment in 3 groups were observed. RE-SULTS:Total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group 1 and control group 2,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);however,there was no significant difference between control group 1 and control group 2 (P>0.05). After treatment,sleep SPIEGEL score in 3 groups was significantly higher than before,and observation group was high-er than control group 1 and control group 2,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);however,there was no signifi-cant difference between control group 1 and control group 2(P>0.05). There were no obvious adverse reactions during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Vitamin B12 combined with mouse nerve growth factor has better efficacy than only vitamin B12 or mouse nerve growth factor in the treatment of neurogenic tinnitus,with good safety.

Objective To investigate the pattern of organ dysfunction in acute pancreatitis.Methods Seven hundred and eighty-three SAP patients who were treated in Department of Surgery,Ruijin Hospital from January 2001 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.According to 2012 acute pancreatitis classification,these SAP patients were further divided into MSAP and SAP.Diagnosis of organ dysfunction was based on SOFA scores.Results Among the 783 patients,there were 573 MSAP patients and 210 SAP patients.The main etiology was of biliary origin (47.9％).Six hundred and ninety-eight patients survived,and 85 patients died with the mortality rate of 10.9％.Among the 783 patients,organ dysfunction occurred in 273(34.9％) patients,and the number of patients with 1,2,3,4 or more organs dysfunction was 109,81,60 and 23,and the mortality was 1.8％ (2 patients),37.0％ (30 patients),50.0％ (30 patients),100％.Among the 109 patients with single organ dysfunction,there were 48 MSAP and 61 SAP patients,and 98.2％ was cured,only 2 patients died.Among the 164 patients with multiple organ dysfunction,there were 15 MSAP and 149 SAP patients,and 50.6％ died.Respiratory,cardiovascular,nervous,renal,hematologic and liver dysfunction occurred in 206 (26.3％),103 (13.2％),92 (11.7％),80 (10.2％),41 (5.2％),27 (3.4％); and the mortality rates were 38.8％ (126/206),49.5％ (51/103),37.0％ (34/92),63.8％ (51/80),53.7％ (22/4),44.4％ (12/27).Respiratory dysfunction had the highest incidence,and renal failure was associated with the highest mortality.Conclusions In the course of acute pancreatitis,single organ dysfunction has the highest incidence but the mortality is low.Four or more organs dysfunction has the lowest incidence,but the mortality is 100％.Respiratory and cardiovascular dysfunction has the highest incidence,and renal,hematologic dysfunction is associated with poorest prognosis.

Objective To study the detection rate and characteristics of primary aldosteronism (PA) in patients with hypertension. Methods A total of 197 patients with hypertension were enrolled and underwent PA and other related exami-nation to exclude the secondary hypertension. Patients were divided into two groups: PA group and essential hypertension (EH) group. The upright position test, supine position test, captopril test, venous high sodium test, potassium concentration examination and adrenal CT scanning were detected in two groups. Values of blood aldosterone, renin activity and aldoste-rone to renin activity ratio (ARR) were detected in some patients. Results (1) In 197 hypertensive patients, 38 were diag-nosed as PA (19.29%), 13 were confirmed by pathology, (6 cases aldosterone-producing adenoma and 7 unilateral adrenal hyperplasia). (2) There were no significant differences in the history of hypertension and body mass index (BMI) between two groups. There were more male patients than female patients in both groups. (3) Compared with EH group, there were relative-ly young age of onset, higher levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in PA group, but the difference was not statistical-ly significant (P>0.05). The levels of blood aldosterone and ARR were significantly increased in upright position and supine position in PA group (P<0.01), but the blood level of renin activity was significantly decreased(P<0.01). There was no sig-nificant significance in blood potassium level between two groups. Conclusion There was a higher detection rate of PA in patients hospitalized with hypertension. The detection rate of aldosterone-producing adenoma was similar to that of unilater-al adrenal hyperplasia in patients with PA. The hypokalemia was uncommon.

Human colorectal cancer ( CRC ) presents a considerable disease burden worldwide.Besides the genetic factor, gut microbiota could be another important factor resulting in CRC and has become a hot research topic.Along with the increasing accessibility of high-throughput sequencing, the role of structure of microbiota and potential pathogens in colorectal carcinogenesis have become more and more clear.In this review, the recent insights into contributions of the microbiota and candidate CRC-potentiating species to CRC were discussed.Moreover, new findings on the role of candidate pathogens in cancer causation were highlighted.Two pathogenic models were introduced in this review.High-throughput sequencing of gut microbiota will assist us in understanding the pathogenesis of CRC, providing a theoretical basis for disease surveillance.

Objective To establish a simple,rapid,accurate and sensitive method for determination of free toluene diisocyanate in paint.Method The samples were diluted by acetone and separated using GC,25%SE-30column.The contents of free toluene diisocyanate in the samples of paint were analysed by gas chromatography.The qualitative and the quantitative analyses were carried out based on the retention time and peak height or peak area respectively.Re -sults The linear range of the method was0.000～0.025%with r=0.9997.The RSD was in the range of0.08～0.75%and the recovery rates ranged95.0～106.7%.Conclusion The method was simple,rapid and accurate,which was suit-able for the determination of free toluene diisocyanate in paint.

A rabbit model of Yang deficiency was established by means of total thyrodectomy and the effect of Decoction for warming kidney and restoring Yang (DWKRY) on the hepatic ultrastructure of the model was observed under transmission eletron microscopy. It was shown in the liver cell of the rabbit model that the number of organelles was decreased, the mitochondria were reduced, degenerated and irregularly distributed, a large number of glycogen granules was stored in the cytoplasm, and the intercellular space was widened. After the administtration of DWKRY, the ultrastructure of liver cells approached normal. This study provides a valuable morphological basis for the establishment of Yang-deficiency animal model and the evaluation of the effect of DWKRY on Yang-deficiency syndrome.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Coronary Disease ; therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy