No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Migraine Disorders*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Macrophages, Peritoneal* ; Mice* ; Mycobacterium bovis*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Antibody Formation* ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Mice* ; Poly I-C*

Headaches and sleep problems are burdensome in daily life. They can co-occur and aggravate each other. The prevalence of sleep disorders is high in chronic headache and migraine patients, suggesting a close clinical relationship between these conditions. Structures from the brainstem to the cerebral cortex are related to sleep and headache modulation. In addition, various neurochemicals are related to and overlapped in the modulation of sleep and headache. In this paper, we briefly review the association between migraine and sleep disorders, including insomnia, sleep-related breathing disorders, central disorders of hypersomnolence, circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder, parasomnias, and sleep-related movement disorders.

Headaches and sleep problems are burdensome in daily life. They can co-occur and aggravate each other. The prevalence of sleep disorders is high in chronic headache and migraine patients, suggesting a close clinical relationship between these conditions. Structures from the brainstem to the cerebral cortex are related to sleep and headache modulation. In addition, various neurochemicals are related to and overlapped in the modulation of sleep and headache. In this paper, we briefly review the association between migraine and sleep disorders, including insomnia, sleep-related breathing disorders, central disorders of hypersomnolence, circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder, parasomnias, and sleep-related movement disorders.

Background: Visual aura (VA) occurs mostly in migraine with aura (MA), but some case studies have reported aura in non-migraine headaches. Thus, information of VA in nonmigraine headaches is scarce. Aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and impact of VA in non-migraine headache and compare it with that of migraine headache. Methods: This study was a nationwide population-based study. We used an internet-based headache diagnosis questionnaire to diagnose headache, and various modules to evaluate clinical features and comorbidities of participants with headache. We defined migraine headache as migraine and probable migraine (PM), whereas non-migraine headache was defined as a headache but not migraine or PM. VA was defined as a self-reporting VA rating scale score ≥ 3. Results: Of the 3,030 participants, 1,431 (47.2%) and 507 (16.7%) had non-migraine headache and migraine headache, respectively. VA prevalence was much lower in the non-migraine headache group than in the migraine headache group (14.5% [207/1,431] vs. 26.0% [132/507], P < 0.001). In subjects with non-migraine headache, those with VA had a markedly higher number of headache days per 30 days (median [25th –75th percentiles]: 2.0 [1.0–5.0] vs. 2.0 [1.0–3.0], P < 0.001), and headache-related disability (6.0 [3.0–16.0] vs. 2.0 [0.0–7.0], P < 0.001) than those without VA. VA prevalence did not differ significantly according to age and sex. Conclusion Non-migraine headache with VA patients had more severe symptoms than those without VA. These findings may improve the understanding of VA and the management of individuals with non-migraine headache.

The modified supracervical hysterectomy with intrafascial cylindriform enucleation of cervix via endoscopy or vaginal approach enables to do an minimal invasive and organ preserving surgery. The pelvic floor support is maintained and sexual sensation is preserved, and there may be nearly little concern of cancer on cervix. The physical stress to the patient is minimized. But, Intrafascial Vaginal Hysterectomy is rarely performed in case of large uterus size. We performed Intrafascial Vaginal Hysterectomy in patient of adenomyosis with cystocele and rectocele and then report that with review of journal and text book.
Adenomyosis* ; Cervix Uteri ; Cystocele* ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal* ; Pelvic Floor ; Rectocele* ; Sensation ; Uterus

Malignant melanoma of the vulva is a rare neoplasm and accounts for approximately 10% of all vulvar malignancies. Five-year survival rates range from 8% to 54%, with occuring predominantly in postmenopausal white women. As compared with malignant melanoma of the skin, vulvar melanoma infiltrates early deep into the tissues with abundant lymphatic channels and blood vascularization, so its prognosis is mostly poor. Depth of invasion has been reported as the single most important indicator of prognosis. Historically the treatment of choice for vulvar melanoma has been en bloc radical vulvectomy with bilateral inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy. But recently there have been reports suggesting that acceptable survival may be achieved by less radical operation. The authors report a 84-year old woman with malignant melanoma of the vulva. She underwent wide local excision of the lesion. Now we are following her up with no clinical evidence of cancer recurrence and remnant.
Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Melanoma* ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Survival Rate ; Vulva*

The purpose of this study was to compare four groups of Oriental young adults (169 males and 174 females) with normal occlusion and well balanced faced. Lsteral cephalograms of 100 Koreans, 100 Chinese, 73 Vitnamese and 71 Japanese were digitized and six profile measures were computed. Analyses of variance showed that total facial profile(GI'-Pr'-Pg') of Chinese was significantly less convex than the profile of Koreans or Vietnamese. Facial profile(GI'-Pr'-Pg') of Chinese was also significantly less convex than that of Vietnamese. Holdaway's soft tissue angle(Pg'-LS:N-B) was significantly greater in Vietnamese than Chinese and Koreans, who were in turn greater than Janpanese. The upper of Vietnamese is significantly closer to Ricketts' esthetic plane, than Chinese; Koreans and Japanese are significantly further behind the plane than Chinese. The lower lip of Koreans and Janpanese was close to the esthetic lpane, while Chinese and Vietnamese were approximately wmm ahead. The nasolabial angle was significantly smaller for Chinese and Japanese than Koreans and Vietnamese. Sex differences were primarily dependent on the nose; total facial convexity and the nasolabial angle wee significantly larger in females than males. The results of this study demonatrate that a single standard of facial profile id not sufficient or appropriate for Oriental patients.
Adult* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Humans ; Lip ; Male ; Nose ; Sex Characteristics ; Young Adult