BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of internal fixation with locking T-plates for osteoporotic fractures of the proximal humerus in patients aged 65 years and older. METHODS: From January 2007 through to December 2015, we recruited 47 patients aged 65 years and older with osteoporotic fractures of the proximal humerus. All fractures had been treated using open reduction and internal fixation with a locking T-plate. We classified the fractures in accordance to the Neer classification system; At the final follow-up, the indicators of clinical outcome-the range of motion of the shoulder (flexion, internal rotation, and external rotation) and the presence of postoperative complications-and the indicators of radiographic outcome-the time-to-union and the neck-shaft angle of the proximal humerus-were evaluated. The Paavolainen method was used to grade the level of radiological outcome in the patients. RESULTS: The mean flexion was 155.0° (range, 90°–180°), the mean internal rotation was T8 (range, T6–L2), and the mean external rotation was 66.8° (range, 30°–80°). Postoperative complications, such as plate impingement, screw loosening, and varus malunion were observed in five patient. We found that all patients achieved bone union, and the mean time-to-union was 13.5 weeks of the treatment. The mean neck-shaft angle was 131.4° at the 6-month follow-up. According to the Paavolainen method, “good” and “fair” radiographic results each accounted for 38 and 9 of the total patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that locking T-plate fixation leads to satisfactory clinical and radiological outcomes in elderly patients with proximal humeral fractures by providing a larger surface area of contact with the fracture and a more rigid fixation.
Aged ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Humerus ; Methods ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; Postoperative Complications ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Fractures*

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma is histologically characterized by marked cellular pleomorphism of lipid-laden neoplastic astrocytes and bizarre giant cells showing mitotic figures and high cellularity. Inspite of its ominous-looking microscopic features, howerver, the prognosis is usually favorable. This tumor develops mainly in the supratentorial area of young people and frequently involves the leptomeninges. We experienced a case of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in 18 year-old-male. In addition to the cellular pleomophism, the prominent reticulin fibers surround the individual tumor cells or the tumor cells nests. Immunohistochemical staining and electron microscopy revealed glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) expression and pericytoplasmic basal lamina in the tumor cells.

OBJECTIVES: Family environment is important in treatment, course, relapse, and prognosis of psychiatric illnesses. Thus the evaluation of family structure and the family therapy is important in the investigation and treatment of psychopathology. This preliminary study was designed to attempt to verify the reliability and validity of a Korean version of Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale II(K-FACES II) which evaluate the adaptability and cohesion of family structures. METHOD: The translated FACES II which constructed a questionnaire composed of a total of 30 items was applied to 124 members from families with no psychiatric patient in Seoul and Pusan by random sampling. Then the authors extracted the factors which were able to compose the scale and evaluated the concurrent reliability. Also for the discriminative validity test, the authors selected 62 members, who have been no psychiatric history, of families with schizophrenic patient diagnosed with the criteria of DSM-IV who have been treated in Seoul National Mental Hospital and 60 members of families without schizophrenic patient in Seoul and Pusan for control. RESULT: The results were as follows: The authors extracted 5 subscales of emotional bonding, acceptability and sharing, participation, negotiation and satisfaction, responsibility and expectation of 'Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale' which constructed a questionnaire composed of a total of 23 items. Cronbach's alpha value of each subscale which show its internal consistency was .83, .75, .71, .75, .71 respectively. In the discriminative validity test, all subscales except 'responsibility and expectation' subscale significantly discriminated between family group with schizophrenic patient and control group. CONCLUSION: These findings confirmed the high reliability and validity of preliminary form of K-FACES II and suggest the possibility that K-FACES II could be a useful measure to evaluate the adaptability and cohesion of family structures. But we think that further study should be needed considering some limitations that 7 items were excluded and extracted factors could not be matched with FACES in factor analysis.
Busan ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Family Therapy ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Negotiating ; Object Attachment ; Prognosis ; Psychopathology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Recurrence ; Reproducibility of Results* ; Schizophrenia ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Emphysema* ; Tuberculosis*

Human Papillomaviruses(HPVs) are regarded as sexually transmitable and closely associated with precancerous lesions or invasive cancers of the vulva, vagina, and cer V1X. In situ hybridization, besides showing higher sensitivity, allowed the identification of specific viral types. We studied 12 cases of condylomata accuminata for HPV typing by in situ hybridization techenique. Ten cases(83.3 % ) showed positive for HPV type 6/11, and 2 cases(16.7% ) were positive for HPV type 16/18.
DNA Probes* ; DNA* ; Humans* ; In Situ Hybridization* ; Vagina ; Vulva

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The endoscopic mucosal resection has now been adopted for a useful modality in both curative therapy and accurate diagnosis of early gastric cancer. A retrospective study was done to evaluate the indication and the limitation of endoscopic mucosal resection of early gastric cancer. METHODS: We studied 20 cases of early gastric cancer treated by endoscopic mucosal resection in Chungnam National University Hospital from November, 1995 to July, 1997. RESULTS: 1) The size affected the curability: 83. 3% of lesions less than 2 cm and 50. 0% of those larger than 2 cm were resected completely. 2) The depth of cancer invasion affected the curability: 87. 5% of lesion confined to mucosa were resected completely, while all of submucosal cancers were resected incompletely. 3) Among fourteen cases resected completely, three cases of lesions larger than 2 cm were residual cancer and two of those less than 2 cm were recurred locally. CONCLUSIONS: To be a curative therapy by endoscopic mucosal resection of early gastric cancer, we think that careful selection of the lesion, that is lesion less than 2cm and confined to mucosa, is necessary
Chungcheongnam-do ; Diagnosis ; Mucous Membrane ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms*

Central nervous system cryptococcosis is common in the AIDS patients with reported incidences ranging from 1.9% to 11.0%. Cryptococcosis may be the initial manifestation of HIV infection or occur simultaneously with other opportunistic infections. HIV-infected patients with central nervous system cryptococcosis complain of fever, headache, nausea and vomiting, and cognitive dysfunction. Meningeal signs and photophobia are less common than in HIV-negative patients. Focal neurologic signs and seizures are uncommon. Disseminated cryptococcosis is often concomitantly found at the time of central nervous system cryptococcosis. We report a case of 49 year-old Korean female with HIV infection who died of disseminated cryptococcosis with autopsy findings.
Autopsy* ; Central Nervous System ; Cryptococcosis* ; Female ; Fever ; Headache ; HIV Infections ; Humans ; Incidence ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Opportunistic Infections ; Photophobia ; Seizures ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: The possible role of apolipoprotein E (APOE for gene, apoE for protein) allele in atherosclerotic diseases is not clearly understood. For the putative role of APOE genotypes, we examined APOE polymorphism among patients with stroke. METHODS: A total of 202 ischemic stroke patients were involved in this study. The genotype DNA was isolated from whole blood and the APOE alleles were determined by polynicrase chain reaction. RESULTS: The genotype of APOE epsilon3/3 was the most common allele in the stroke group and the control group. The frequencies of APOE epsilon2, epsilon3, epsilon4 allele in stroke group were 0.052, 0.851, and 0.097, respectively. There was no significant difference in APOE genotypes between the stroke group and the control group. No significant associations lions were found for the APOE genotypes and the serum lipid profiles. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that APOE was not related to the stroke,
Alleles ; Apolipoprotein E2 ; Apolipoproteins E ; Apolipoproteins* ; DNA ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lions ; Stroke

After discontinuation of bisphosphonate therapy, an antiresorptive effect and antifracture protection persist for an undefined period. Patients are encouraged to continue calcium and vitamin D supplementation, during a bisphosphonate drug holiday. However, assessment of adequate calcium intake during the bisphosphonate drug holiday is difficult. Therefore, we measured the serum intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) level as a surrogate marker. A premenopausal woman discontinued bisphosphonate therapy, after 7.5 years of treatment. Two months later, blood calcium and phosphorus levels were normal, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was 31.3 ng/mL, but serum PTH level had increased to 94.9 pg/mL. The elemental calcium supplement dose was increased to 600 mg/day, with no change in the cholecalciferol dose (400 IU). Her serum PTH levels decreased to 49.1 after 4 months and 32.9 pg/mL after 5 months. The serum PTH level may be helpful in assessing adequate calcium intake during a bisphosphonate drug holiday.
Biomarkers ; Calcium ; Cholecalciferol ; Female ; Holidays* ; Humans ; Parathyroid Hormone* ; Phosphorus ; Vitamin D

Objectives: There was no previous report about the electrical cardioversion for the patients with atrial fibrillation after successful percutaneous ballon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV). We performed electrical cardioversion after PBMV to evaluate the effectiveness of this procedure in the view of conversion to and maintenance of the sinus rhythm. METHODS: 28 patients who had persistent atrial fibrillation after successful PBMV were included in this study. All patients were anticoagulated with warfarin. Amiodarone was loaded and maintained before cardioversion. The PBMV procedures were guided by transesophageal echocardiography in all patients. Transthoracic echocardiography was done before and after PBMV and cardioversion, and was followed. RESULTS: The number of patients were 28 (male 9 and female 19) within the mean age of 50.3+/-12.0 years (24-66). Initially 24 patients (86%) succeeded in electrical cardioversion. The energy required for successful conversion was 230+/-75J, on average. There were no complications except for the transient sinus bradycardia in 2 cases. The mean follow-up duration was 357+/-144 days and when followed-up, the sinus rhythm was maintained in 15 patients out of 24 with initial success (63%). No factor was significantly related to the success of cardioversion, but left atrial dimension after 1 month of PBMV was significantly related to the maintenance of the sinus rhythm. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation after successful PBMV is favorable and recommendable treatment modality of chronic valvular atrial fibrillation with high conversion rate (88%) and good maintenance rate (63%).
Amiodarone ; Atrial Fibrillation* ; Bradycardia ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Electric Countershock* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Warfarin