No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Follow-Up Studies*

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Follow-Up Studies*

No abstract available.
Cerebral Palsy* ; Clubfoot* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Muscle Spasticity*

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Plasmids* ; Restriction Mapping* ; Yersinia enterocolitica* ; Yersinia*

In order to investigate electrolyte changes in serum and urine diuretic therapy, we studied 98 patients with hypertension not optimally controlled by previous treatment. After we divied the patients into three gorups in randomized trial, group A were given Amiloride 10mg/day, group B were given Dihydrochlorothiazide 50mg/day, group C were given Amiloride 5mg/day combined with Dihydrochlorothiazide 25mg/day for 7 days. Blood pressure and electrolyte changes in serum and urine after diuretic theraphy for 7 days were as follows. 1) Serum sodium concentrations were not significantly changed in all three groups(P>0.05). 2) Serum potassium concentrations were increased in group A and C (P<0.05), but there were no significant changes in group B(P<0.05). 3) Urinary sodium exceretions were increased in all three groups(P<0.05). 4) Urinary potassium excretion were decreased in group A and C (P<0.05), but there were increased in group B (P<0.05). 5) Blood pressure were decreased in all three groups(P<0.05).
Amiloride ; Blood Pressure ; Diuretics* ; Electrolytes* ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; Hypertension* ; Potassium ; Sodium

PURPOSE: To analyze the differences of semen parameters in Korean young population for three periods from 2002 to 2013. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 516 semen samples were collected from Korean men presenting for infertility, varicoceles or other infectious problems for three periods from 2002 to 2012: January 2002-December 2003, January 2007-December 2008, and January 2012-December 2013. A standard World Health Organization procedure for semen analysis was performed for assessment of semen concentration, volume, motility, morphology, and pH. RESULTS: A total of 160, 162, 194 men constituted the study populations in 2002 to 2003, in 2007 to 2008, and in 2012 to 2013, respectively. The overall sperm parameter results suggested a statistically significant difference between 2002 to 2003 and 2012 to 2013 except pH. However, considering the data from 2007 to 2008, there were no trends in changes in overall semen parameters. Negative correlations were observed in all semen parameters with increasing age in all patients, except for pH. In addition, semen volume, motility, and morphology had higher negative correlation coefficients with age, from 2002 to 2013, serially. CONCLUSIONS: There were no significant changes in the semen parameters of Korean men from 2002 to 2013. In addition, semen volume, motility, and morphology showed higher negative correlation coefficients with age from 2002 to 2013, serially.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aging/pathology/physiology ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Infertility, Male/*diagnosis ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Semen ; Semen Analysis/*methods ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa/cytology ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: To determine effectiveness of Valsalva maneuver and standing position on scrotal color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) for the varicocele diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the physical examination and CDU finding in 87 patients who visited National Police Hospital from January 2011 to April 2014. Diameters of pampiniform plexus were measured bilaterally during resting and Valsalva maneuver in the supine position and standing position. We calculated the ratio of mean of maximal vein diameter (mMVD) during resting and Valsalva maneuver (resting-Valsalva ratio) and compared in the both position. RESULTS: In the resting and supine position, mMVD of varicocele testis units were 1.8 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.6 mm (grades I, II, III, respectively), and that of normal testis units (NTU) 1.2 mm. During Valsalva maneuver in the supine position, mMVD were 3.0 mm, 3.4 mm, 4.2 mm (grades I, II, III) vs 1.8 mm (NTU) (p=0.007, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). Average of resting-Valsalva ratio in the supine position were 0.69, 0.74, 0.74 (grades I, II, III) and 0.67 (NTU). Whereas in the resting and standing position, mMVD were 2.8 mm, 3.3 mm, 3.8 mm (grades I, II, III) and 1.8 mm (NTU) (p=0.002, p<0.001, p<0.001). During Valsalva maneuver in the standing position, mMVD were 5.0 mm, 5.8 mm, 6.6 mm (grades I, II, III) and 2.5 mm (NTU) (p=0.002, p<0.001, p<0.001). And average resting-Valsalva ratio were 0.76, 0.90, 0.71 (grades I, II, III) and 0.26 (NTU), which showed significant differences from all grades (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that the standing position and Valsalva maneuver during CDU could improve diagnostic ability for varicocele. Resting-Valsalva ratio in the standing position could be a new diagnostic index for varicocele diagnosis using CDU.
Adult ; Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Positioning/*methods ; Physical Examination/methods ; Posture/physiology ; Scrotum/*ultrasonography ; Supine Position/physiology ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color/methods ; *Valsalva Maneuver ; Varicocele/*ultrasonography ; Veins/ultrasonography ; Young Adult

In May 1974, authors encountered a 37 year old Korean male who was suffering from very serious condition of acute abdomen. On exploratory laparotomy, a ruptured granulomatous mass in the proximal portion of the ileum showing extensive inflammatory and gangrenous changes was found and about 4 ft. long of the bowel was resected. From the honey-combed fibrous capsules in the mass, four plerocercoid larvae, spargana, measuring about 3 to 7 cm in lengths were extirpated. The patient had a past history of having eaten the raw flesh of a snake as a tonic about 7 months prior to admission. Four cases of intra-abdominal sparganosis reported previously in Korea and the present case were discussed briefly. Snakes and frogs in Korea are very important second intermediate hosts for the 1arva, Sparganum stage. It is most preferable that the habitual ingestion of the raw fleshes of them should be avoided in this country.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Spirometra sp. ; sparganum ; sparganosis ; laparatomy ; intestine ; perforation ; case report

To observe the possibility of human visceral larva migrans due to eating of raw liver of domestic animals, especially of cattle, and also to serve as a good reference for adequate sanitary measures, the investigation survey was carried out from May 1975 to May 1976. From the subjects of a l,048 inhabitants (male 558, female 490) in five localities including two Provinces and three different cities, food habit was studied by questionnaire mannual. Larvae isolated from liver tissues of cattle, and pig were identified. Experimental observation on the chicken and mice infected with Toxocara canis was undertaken to draw a assumption of possibility inducing human visceral larva migrans. The results obtained from the present study are summarized. A part of Korean people has the habit to eat the livers of cattle, fowl, pig and dog raw. Eating rate of raw beef liver was 37.8 percent out of l,048 inhabitants, and its rate was higher markedly in male(57.7 percent) than in female (15. 1 percent), and the highest rate among the group of 31-40 years old. Eating rate of raw liver of fowl was 5.9 percent, pig 5.3 percent, and dog 2.5 percent. Larva recovery rate from beef liver was 11.8 percent out of 195 samples and 72.0 percent of total detected 1arvae were identified as Toxocara(=Neoascaris) vitulorum. From pig liver, larvae of nematoda were found in 6.4 percent out of 109 samples but no larva was detected from 120 fowl livers. Larvae detected from one-half of tissues and organs of infected chicken with about 2,000 Toxocara canis eggs were 8-245 in number, and 85-100 percent of recovered larvae were from their 1iver tissues. Toxocara canis larvae, 45, 31, 42 and 23 in number at 3rd, 14th, 25th and 55th day in one-half of the tissues and organs after infection respectively, were demonstrated from the mice infected with 500 larvae collected from infected chicken liver. Most of the larvae were recovered from the carcass of the mouse. It was approved the larvae isolated from chicken possess infectivity to the mice. Typical eosinophilic granulomatous change was not observed in the liver tissue of the infected chicken at 20th day after infection. As it summarized above, the liver of various domestic animals is the favorite tissue for migration of nematodes larvae. Therefore, the possibility of human visceral larva migrans may be induced due to eating of raw liver of domestic animals.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; visceral larva migrans ; Toxocara canis ; liver ; cattle ; fowl ; pig ; dog ; mouse ; chicken ; infectivity

Pain from cancer is a major problem of managing the oral cancer patients in terminal stage. Overall, pain is reported by about 50% of patients at all stages of cancer and by over 70% with advanced neoplasms. Unrelieved pain can be incapaciting and preclude a satisfying quality of life. But, pain is often poorly assessed, and many clinicians lack sufficient knowledge to optimize cancer pain treatment. There are three basic approaches to the control of pain : modifying the source of pain, altering the central perception of pain, and blocking the transmission of pain to the central nervous system. The optimal use of these approaches and an individualized plan for pain control can maximize both quality and duration of life in dying patients. Opioid analgesics are are the mainstay of pharmacologic treatment. Practical opioid therapy include selection of both drug and route, dose titration, and management of side effects. We present our experienced pharmacologic treatment protocol for cancer pain management that collaborated by Dept. of Hospice, Catholic Medical Center. It will acts as a guideline for our colleague to facilitate the translation of current knowlegde into the clinical practice.
Analgesics, Opioid ; Central Nervous System ; Clinical Protocols ; Hospices ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms* ; Pain Management ; Quality of Life