No abstract available.
Candidiasis* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature*

No abstract available.
Bowen's Disease*

No abstract available.
Drug Eruptions*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Nevus*

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of nutrition education program and pamphlet for the lower grades elementary students focused on individual daily needed food exchange units using Food Exchange System. Program consisted of four lessons (40 min/lesson), "5 major nutrients & function", "6 food group and sources", "daily needed food exchange units for normal body weight", and "smart snack choice and exercise". Pamphlet as activity book was developed for the program. The subjects were 3rd grade elementary students (educated group, 31 vs. non-educated group, 31). Educated group were lessoned as group and/or individual. We examined the differences in nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes, dietary intakes and satisfaction of the program and pamphlet. In educated group, there were positive improvements on nutrition knowledge score "function and foods of 5 nutrients" and on dietary attitudes "type of breakfast and snacks". In the evaluation of dietary intakes according to KDRI, there were positive improvements on intakes level of riboflavin, vit. C, folate, Ca, P, Fe and Zn in educated group. In satisfaction with the program and pamphlet, contents, font size, visual, figure, difficulty and program curriculum were over 2.90/3.0. It showed that the developed nutrition education program and pamphlet focused on individual daily needed food exchange units using Food Exchange System improved nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes and nutrients intake level in the lower grades elementary students.
Breakfast ; Curriculum ; Folic Acid ; Humans ; Pamphlets ; Riboflavin ; Snacks

Myocardial scintigraphy is a widely used noninvasive procedure with high sensitivity for the detection of patients with suspected coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic value of a normal myocardial scintigraphy in 292 patients (150 males, 142 females, mean age 53+/-12 years) with chest pain who were followed from 7 to 58 (mean 25) months. Myocardial SPECT was performed with Tc-99m MIBI in 173 patients, with Tc-99m tetrofosmin in 74 patients and with T1-201 in 45 patients. During the follow-up period, there were 2 cardiac deaths and 2 nonfatal myocardial infarctions resulting in cardiac event rate of 1.37% (0.66% per year). The cardiac event rate was not different in patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries (1/30, 3.3%) and in those who had significant coronary a disease (2/27, 7.4%) (p=0.60). In conclusion, patients with chest pain and normal myocardial scintigraphy have a low cardiac event rate, and there was no significant difference of cardiac event rates between patients with normal and abnormal coronary angiograms.
Chest Pain* ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Death ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Perfusion Imaging ; Perfusion Imaging* ; Perfusion* ; Prognosis ; Thorax* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

It has been shown that both rest and stress myocardial perfusion imagings with technetium agents can be performed on the same day using two different doses injected within few hours. The purpose of this study was to compare the two protocols (stress-rest and rest-stress) in detecting coronary artery diseases. One hundred and sixty patients (101 males, 59 females, mean age 57+/-9 years) and 120 patients (79 males, 41 females, mean age 59+/-10 years) underwent stress-rest myocardial perfusion SPECT and rest-stress myocardial perfusion SPECT, respectively All of them underwent both myocardial perfusion SPECT and coronary angiography within 1 month. A coronary stenosis was considered significant when it compromised the luminal diameter by> or =50%. The chi square test was used to compare differences in sensitivity, specificity and accuracy between the two groups. The overall sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of stress-rest protocol were 99%, 35%and 68%, respectively. Those of rest-stress protocol were 96%, 47%, and 78%, respectively. There was no difference between the two protocols in identifying individual diseased coronary artery branches. Therefore, one day stress-rest and rest-stress myocardial SPECT using Tc-99m agents were comparable and were very sensitive tests in detecting coronary artery diseases.
Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Stenosis ; Coronary Vessels* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Perfusion Imaging ; Perfusion* ; Phenobarbital ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Technetium ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of panretinal photocoagulation and additive intravitreal bevacizumab injections on central retinal vessel diameters and characteristic retinal vascular caliber changes in diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: Changes in central retinal vessel diameters were retrospectively analyzed before and 6 months after panretinal photocoagulation with or without additive intravitreal bevacizumab injections in 64 eyes first diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy. Vessel diameters and arteriovenous ratio (AVR) were measured using Interactive Vessel Analysis (IVAN) software and the Big six formula. RESULTS: There were significant decreases in central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal vein equivalent (CRVE) in both groups, with and without additive intravitreal bevacizumab injections, 6 months after completion of panretinal photocoagulation (p < 0.001, p = 0.008), but no significant change in AVR (p = 0.338). Additive intravitreal bevacizumab injections did not produce significant changes in central retinal vessel diameters after 6 months compared to vessel diameters treated with panretinal photocoagulation only. Retinal vascular caliber of progressed diabetic retinopathy showed smaller CRAE, larger CRVE, and smaller AVR compared to those of normal or diabetic Korean subjects in a previous study and showed no significant association with age. CONCLUSIONS: CRAE and CRVE decreased significantly 6 months after panretinal photocoagulation in diabetic retinopathy, but additive intravitreal bevacizumab injections did not cause significant additive changes to central retinal vascular calibers in this study. We established the standard retinal vascular caliber of Korean subjects in diabetic retinopathy and analyzed the effects of retinopathy on retinal vessel caliber.
Bevacizumab* ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Light Coagulation* ; Retinal Artery ; Retinal Vein ; Retinal Vessels ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop in vivo dosimetries using both chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in mice to assess biological effects of radiations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five each mice were irradiated with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 Gy of Cs-137 gamma-rays. We scored numbers of chromosomal aberrations in metaphase spreads and numbers of micronuclei in bone marrow smears under light microscope, and obtained the dose-response relationships. We also examined the relationship between the two dose-response curves. RESULTS: The frequency of both chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei increased with dose, in a linear-quadratic manner. The delta, beta, and alpha coefficients were 0.0176, 0.0324, and 0.0567 for metaphase analysis (r=1.0, p<0.001) and 0.0019, 0.0073, and 0.0506 for micronuclei assay (r=1.0, p<0.001). The frequency of chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in diffirent radiation doses was significantly correlated (r=0.99, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: In vivo dosimetry using either metaphase analysis or micronucleus assay was feasible in mice. These methods could be useful to evaluate biological effects of radiation.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells* ; Bone Marrow* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Metaphase* ; Mice* ; Micronucleus Tests

No abstract available.
Abscess* ; Citrobacter koseri