Objective: Previous studies have reported the presence of a “weekend effect” with respect to mortality in serious emergency admissions, including cases of traumatic brain injury (TBI).However, the relationship between weekend hospitalization and TBI mortality has not been fully established. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of available evidence and investigate differences in mortality among TBI patients between weekday and weekend admissions. Methods: Electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase were used to obtain relevant articles. Mortality, as the primary outcome of interest, encompassed inhospital or 30-day mortality. Mortality rates were compared between the 2 groups, weekend and weekday admissions. Additionally, meta-regression analysis was performed on potential confounders to verify and provide comparative results. Results: A total of 7 studies involving 522,942 TBI patients were eligible for inclusion in the synthesis of the systematic review. Of these patients, 71.6% were admitted during weekdays, whereas 28.4% were hospitalized on weekends. The overall integrated mortality was 11.0% (57,286/522,942), with a mortality rate of 10.8% in the weekday group and 11.3% in the weekend group. Pooled analysis revealed no significant difference in mortality between the weekday and weekend groups (risk ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.90–1.09; p=0.78).Furthermore, the meta-regression analysis for sensitivity assessment showed no modifying effect on mortality (p=0.79). Conclusion This study found no difference in mortality rates between weekday and weekend admissions among TBI patients. Additional sensitivity analyses also demonstrated no significant increase in the risk of mortality in the weekend group.

A twenty nine-year-old woman has suffered for ten years from progressive proptosis and loss of vision in the right eye. Her right eye had deviated out-and-upwards, and its visual acuity was tested by hand motions. With the help of a brain and orbit CT, the tumor was found around the optic nerve and in the parasellar area. This tumor was surgically removed twice by Kroenlein operation and craniotomy, and was treated with irradiation(total dose: 5400 RAD). It was histopathologically diagnosed as astracytoma grade I. In the consecutive study, no evidence of recurrence of the tumor in either the orbit or brain was found.
Brain ; Craniotomy ; Exophthalmos ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Optic Chiasm* ; Optic Nerve Glioma* ; Optic Nerve* ; Orbit ; Recurrence ; Visual Acuity

We report a case of adenoid squarnous cell carcinoma occurred in a 64-year-old male. The patient had a single, centrally ulcerated nodule with an indurated border on the superior helical rim of the left ear. The histopathologic finding showed a squamous cell carcinoma infiltrating der mis as multiple gland-like structures. The wall of gland-like structure was composed of one to several cell layers and the lumen was filled with dyskeratotic, acantholytic cells.
Adenoids* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Ear ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ulcer

Mucoceles usually occur as solitary, asymptomatic, translucent, and dome-shaped cysts containing clear viscous fluid on lower lip or oral mucosa. The authors reviewed the clinical and histopathological findings in 33 patients with mucocele and attempted to clarify the difference between the histopathologic types (retention and extravasation). The results were summarized as follows. 1. Age distribution was from 2 to 53 years and mean age was 21.4 years. Male to female ratio was 1.2:1(18 males.15 females). 2. Histopathologic type was classified. 4 cases(12.1%, mean age.17.3 years) were retention type, 19 cases(57.6%, mean age.'21.5 years) mixed type, and 10 cases(30.3 %, mean age.20.9 years) extravasation type. Among 19 mixed types, 13 cases were retention dominant and 6 cases extravasation dominant. 3. Durations from the onset to the diagnosis could be clarified in 16 cases. Those were below 1 year in 14 cases(87.5% ) and below 3 years in 16 cases all. Mean duration was 9.4 months. 4. The sites of involvement were lower lip(72.7%), tongue(24.3%), and oral mucosa(3.0%), in decreasing order of frequency. 5. The visited departments were otolaryngology(72.7%), dentistry(12.1%), plastic surgery(9,1%) and dermatology(6.1%), in decreasing order of frequency. 6. In the histopathologic observation, surface epithelium was observed in 25 cases (75.8%), cyst in 23 cases(69.7%), granlation tissue in 29 cases(87.9%), mucin in 28 cases(84.8%), surrounding salivary glands in 20 cases(60.6%) and foamy macrophages in 32 cases(97.0% ), 7. Special stains(PAS, D-PAS, and alcian blue at pH2.5 and 0.4) for the mucin were performed in 10 cases. The results were compatible with sialomucin.
Age Distribution ; Alcian Blue ; Diagnosis ; Epithelium ; Female ; Humans ; Lip ; Macrophages ; Male ; Mouth Mucosa ; Mucins ; Mucocele* ; Salivary Glands ; Sialomucins

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to provide preliminary data for alleviating nurses' job stress and support health promotion behaviors. Further, the study reviews the mediating effects of positive psychological capital and nursing work environment in relation to job stress and health promotion behaviors among nurses in a regional general hospital. METHODS: A study survey was conducted from June 9 to 16, 2017. The subjects were current nurses working at a regional general hospital in D city. Analysis of a survey questionnaire from 147 participants was conducted. RESULTS: Upon reviewing the mediating effects of positive psychological capital and nursing work environment in relation with health promotion behaviors and job stress, it was found that positive psychological capital (Z=−4.78, p < .001) and nursing work environment (Z=−4.17, p < .001) were significant mediators. CONCLUSION As demonstrated through the results of this research, it is necessary to build programs to strengthen individual positive psychological capital and increase the practice of health promotion behaviors among nurses. It is also evident that a systematic approach is needed to improve the nursing work environment.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to provide preliminary data for alleviating nurses' job stress and support health promotion behaviors. Further, the study reviews the mediating effects of positive psychological capital and nursing work environment in relation to job stress and health promotion behaviors among nurses in a regional general hospital. METHODS: A study survey was conducted from June 9 to 16, 2017. The subjects were current nurses working at a regional general hospital in D city. Analysis of a survey questionnaire from 147 participants was conducted. RESULTS: Upon reviewing the mediating effects of positive psychological capital and nursing work environment in relation with health promotion behaviors and job stress, it was found that positive psychological capital (Z=−4.78, p < .001) and nursing work environment (Z=−4.17, p < .001) were significant mediators. CONCLUSION: As demonstrated through the results of this research, it is necessary to build programs to strengthen individual positive psychological capital and increase the practice of health promotion behaviors among nurses. It is also evident that a systematic approach is needed to improve the nursing work environment.
Health Promotion ; Hospitals, General ; Negotiating ; Nursing

Hemolytic property is a specific feature of bacteria to obtain iron which is essential for its survival in host tissues. Therefore, it is thought to be one of several factors of virulence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hemolytic properties of Prevotella nigrescens isolated from the teeth diagnosed as pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis under the presence of hemolysin inhibitors such as NaN3 and dithiothreitol, heat, various pH and cultural conditions. The results were as follows; 1. Clinically isolated P. nigrescens strains and standard P. nigrscens ATCC 33563 showed hemolytic activity. 2. P. nigrescens showed higher hemolytic activity against human erythrocytes than sheep or horse erythrocytes. 3. NaN3 and dithiothreitol (DTT) reduced the hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). 4. Optimal pH for the maximum hemolytic activity of P. nigrescens was 4.0 and the hemolysin was stable under the 50degrees C, but the hemolytic activity was significantly decreased at 95degrees C. 5. P. nigrescens cultured in 10% CO2 condition showed higher hemolytic activity than the bacteria cultured in the anaerobic condition.
Bacteria ; Dental Pulp Necrosis ; Dithiothreitol ; Erythrocytes ; Horses ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Iron ; Periapical Periodontitis ; Prevotella nigrescens* ; Prevotella* ; Sheep ; Sodium Azide ; Tooth ; Virulence

PURPOSE: We measured pulmonary epithelial permeability by Tc-DTPA radioaerosol clearance in patients with diabetes and correlated with the presence of microangiopathy to understand the pathophysiology of pulmonary microangiopathy and evaluate Tc-DTPA radioaerosol clearance as a diagnostic test to assess pulmonary microangiopathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed ' Tc-DTPA radioaerosol scan in 10 normal subjects, 10 asym-ptomatic smokers, 20 diabetic patients without history of smoking (10 with microangiopathy, 10 without microangiopathy). Tc-DTPA clearance half-time (T1/2) was calculated, then compared with the result of chest radiography and pulmonary function test. RESULTS: Chest radiography and pulmonary function test were normal in all subjects. There were no significant difference of clinical or laboratory characteristics between these groups except age. The diabetic patients with micraangiopathy were significantly older (p<0.05). The T1/2of normal subjects and asyrnptomatic smokers were significantly different (65.2+23.7min vs 39.6+9.8min, p<0.05). For diabetic patients with microangiopathy, the T, was 90 5+46.5min and significantly delayed when compared with those of normals and asymptomatic smokers (p<0.05). However, the T1/2of diabetic patients without microangiopathy, 70.0+12.7 min, was not significantly different from those of normals or asyrnptomatic smokers (p>0.05). No significant correlation was found between the T1/2and spirometric parameters including DLcc>, FVC, FEV>, FEV(/FVC (%) and FEF)5-75g in all subjects, and between the T1/2 and duration of diabetes in diabetic patients. CONCLUSION: Eventhough the influence of age cant be excluded, delayed Tc-DTPA clearance half-time (T1/2)in diabetic patients with microangiopathy indicates decreased pulmonary cspillary permeability as one of the pathophysiologic results of pulmonary microangiopaththy. Further studies are needed in larger number of age matched control and diabetic patients to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Humans ; Permeability ; Radiography ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate ; Thorax

The present study was performed to assess the fertility of frozen-thawed dog semen prepared by freezing with 6% glycerol and thawing at 70degrees C for 8 sec, and to evaluate the least number of post-thaw spermatozoa necessary to achieve pregnancy by intrauterine or intratubal artificial insemination. It was found that the pregnancy rate of intrauterine artificial insemination was 100% using 6% glycerol buffer and thawing at 70degrees C for 8 sec with 5 x 10(7) spermatozoa. Even though the pregnancy rate (80%) and the whelping rate (24.5%) in the 5 x 10(6) spermatozoa inseminated group were lower than those of the 5 x 10(7) spermatozoa group, conception was confirmed with 5 x 10(6) spermatozoa. Although the pregnancy rate of intratubal insemination was low (20%) with 4 x 10(6) spermatozoa, this study is the first report to show the pregnancy rate of intratubal insemination with frozen-thawed ejaculated canine semen. In order to improve the pregnancy rate with intratubal insemination of canine spermatozoa, it is necessary to investigate the optimal insemination site of the uterine tube, the appropriate number of sperm, and the direct effect of buffer on oocytes.
Animals ; Cryopreservation/methods/*veterinary ; Dogs/*physiology ; Female ; Fertility/*physiology ; Glycerol ; Insemination, Artificial/methods/*veterinary ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Semen/*physiology ; Semen Preservation/methods/*veterinary ; Temperature ; Time Factors