No abstract available.
Clavicle*

No abstract available.
Clavicle*

PURPOSE: To evaluate normal variations and thus to avoid confusion in differentiation from lesions of the accessory structures (rhomboid fossa, foramen for supraclavicular nerve, conold tubercle) of the clavicle in chest radiographs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied the variations of the clavicle in 300 chest radiographs (134 men, 166 women) and 355 dry bones (right 166, left 189; 151 men, 74 women, 130 unknown sex). RESULTS: In chest radiographs, the incidence of the depressed rhomboid fossa was 229 cases (39.5%;male 52.0%, female 29.9%);the flat type was 329 cases (56.9%;male 45.7%, female 65.7%);and the elevated type was 20 cases (3.5%; male 2.4%, female 4.3%). In the dry bones, the incidence of the depressed thombold fossa was 129 cases (57.3%;male 59.6%, female 52.7%);the flat type was 65 cases (28.9%;male 24.5%, female 37. 8%) ;and the elevated type was 31 cases (13.8%;male 15.9%, female 9.5%). The incidence of the foramen for supraclavicular nerve was 0.8% in chest radiographs, and 1.4% in the dry bones. The incidence of the elevated conold tubercle was 65.1% (male 64.0%, female 65.9%) in chest radiographs, and 96.9% (male 95.4%, female 100.0%) in the dry bones. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of the depressed rhomboid fossa in chest radiographs was higher in men and the right clavicle. The incidence of flat rhombo~d fossa in chest radiographs decreased according to increase of age. The foramen for supraclavicular nerve was occasionally found (0.8% in chest radiographs; 1.4% in the dry bones).
Clavicle* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Radiography, Thoracic* ; Thorax*

PURPOSE: To evaluate normal variations and thus to avoid confusion in differentiation from lesions of the accessory structures (rhomboid fossa, foramen for supraclavicular nerve, conold tubercle) of the clavicle in chest radiographs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied the variations of the clavicle in 300 chest radiographs (134 men, 166 women) and 355 dry bones (right 166, left 189; 151 men, 74 women, 130 unknown sex). RESULTS: In chest radiographs, the incidence of the depressed rhomboid fossa was 229 cases (39.5%;male 52.0%, female 29.9%);the flat type was 329 cases (56.9%;male 45.7%, female 65.7%);and the elevated type was 20 cases (3.5%; male 2.4%, female 4.3%). In the dry bones, the incidence of the depressed thombold fossa was 129 cases (57.3%;male 59.6%, female 52.7%);the flat type was 65 cases (28.9%;male 24.5%, female 37. 8%) ;and the elevated type was 31 cases (13.8%;male 15.9%, female 9.5%). The incidence of the foramen for supraclavicular nerve was 0.8% in chest radiographs, and 1.4% in the dry bones. The incidence of the elevated conold tubercle was 65.1% (male 64.0%, female 65.9%) in chest radiographs, and 96.9% (male 95.4%, female 100.0%) in the dry bones. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of the depressed rhomboid fossa in chest radiographs was higher in men and the right clavicle. The incidence of flat rhombo~d fossa in chest radiographs decreased according to increase of age. The foramen for supraclavicular nerve was occasionally found (0.8% in chest radiographs; 1.4% in the dry bones).
Clavicle* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Radiography, Thoracic* ; Thorax*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Prostate* ; Ultrasonics* ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available in English.
Drainage* ; Lung Abscess* ; Lung*

Between Feb. 1992 and Apr, 1995, the authors have performed arthroscopic abrasion arthroplasty in 78 knees of 76 patients with degenerative osteoarthritis. The followup period was between 24 and 58 months, with on an average of 41 months. All patients had Zarins grade IV articular cartilage change. The results were as follows. 1. Of the total 78 knees, results were excellent in 25(32%), good in 33(42A), fair in 12(17%), poor in 8(10%) knees respectively. 2, The best results were obtained patellofemoral abrasion arthroplasty. 3. The poor results were obtained in patients with the both femoral condyle, lesion. 4. The results were much better in young age group (below 40 years). Aroscopic abrasion arthroplasty is not a curative but palliative method. But it could be an appealing altemative to total knee arthroplasty or high tibial osteotomy or can be performed postoperated after these reconstructive proeedures.
Arthroplasty* ; Cartilage, Articular ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee* ; Osteoarthritis* ; Osteotomy

No abstract available.
Nucleopolyhedrovirus* ; Sequence Analysis*

Lovastatin, a competitive inhibitor of the rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis was administered to 34 patients with primary hypertlipidemia, 20 mg once daily with the evening meal. Patients experienced mean total and LDL cholesterol reductions of 30.9% and 34.0% respectively. HDL cholesterol level was significantly increased by 15.4% and plasma triglyceride level was decreased by 11.2%. maximal hypocholesterolemic effects were evident at 8 weeks, after which the effects were stable. Adverse effects were noted in 2 patients who had mild gastrointestinal symptoms, that subsided after discontinuing the drug. We concluded that lovastatin is a well tolerated and effective agent for the treatment of primary hyperlipidemia.
Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias* ; Lovastatin ; Meals ; Plasma* ; Triglycerides

The Graf stabilization has been introduced in treating lumbar spinal disorder associated with posterior instability. This study reviewed some problems of the Graf instrumentation as a soft stabilizer. The purpose of this study is to analyse the problems of the soft stabilization in spinal instability. We reviewed 145 cases which were operative treatment using the Graf instrument for lumbar spinal disorder associated with posterior instability at our department from May, 1991 to Dec, 1995. The mean follow up periods was 29 months ranging from 24 months to 6 years 8 months. Of the 145 cases, 22 cases were showed the problem. The diagnostic method were simple x-ray, flexion-extension lateral stress view and CT scan. Results were as follows : Adjacent segmental instability was 10 cases(6.9%), disc space narrowing was 8 cases(5.5%), screw loosening was 3 cases(2.1%) and breakage of the Graf band was 1 case(0.6%). The problems of the soft stabilization were adjacent segmental instability, disc space narrowing, screw loosening, and breakage of the Graf band. But the rate of adjacent segmental instability and disc space narrowing was lower than other lumbar spinal instrumentation.
Follow-Up Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed