In fusion of lumbar spine, every fused motion segments shows varisble limitation of motion in flexion, extension and lateral bending according to their types and level of fusion. The motion segment of lumbar spine is three joint complex which consists of posterior two articular facet joints and an anterior intervertebral disc. Nowadays, orthopedic surgeon prefer anterior fusion due to direct identification and removal of diseased tissue, reduction of fractured fragments, restoration of intrevertebral space, early rehabilitation and no damage of nerve root and cord, and is prefered short Segmental Spinal Instrumentation(e.g. Cotrel Dubousset Instrumentation, etc.) due to short and rigid fusion, no necessity of external support and low limitation of motion. We studied 58 cases of fused lumbar spine which had been operated since Sep.1983, by X-ray overlay method and 20 cases of healthy lumbar spine as eontrol group. In this study, we obtained following results ; 1. Harrington Rod Instrumentation reveals the most remarkable limitation of motion, whereas, C.D.I. and A.I.F. reveal the least limitation of motion. 2. Distinct differencies of motion are repersented by its range of fusion and range of motion in 2 segmental fusion reveals remarkable decreasement from range of motion in single segmental fusion. 3. In single segmental fusion, the most limitation of motion was represented in Harrington Rod Instrumentation and posterior fusion with bone graft. There is remarkable decreasement of flexion at lumbosacral junction by its site of fusion. 4.In double segmental fusion, the most limitation of motion was represented in Harrington Rod Instrumentation and there is no significant difference of motion by its site of fusion.
Intervertebral Disc ; Joints ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rehabilitation ; Spine ; Transplants ; Zygapophyseal Joint

A 5-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital with a high fever and abnormal gait. Magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive swelling of the quadriceps and adductor muscles around the right hip and anterior thigh. A duplex scan demonstrated a thrombus from the external iliac vein to below the popliteal vein. The blood culture revealed Streptococcus pyogenes. The patient was immediately treated with antibiotics and anticoagulants. Follow-up sonography demonstrated complete disappearance of the venous thrombosis. We report a case of streptococcal myositis complicated by deep vein thrombosis.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anticoagulants ; Fever ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gait ; Hip ; Humans ; Iliac Vein ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Muscles ; Myositis ; Popliteal Vein ; Preschool Child ; Streptococcus ; Streptococcus pyogenes ; Thigh ; Thrombosis ; Veins ; Venous Thrombosis

No abstract available.
Primary Myelofibrosis*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The success of implants depends on intimate and direct contact of implant material on bone tissue and on functional relationship with soft tissue contact. Creation and maintenance of osseointegration depend on the understanding of the tissue's healing, repairing, and remodeling capacity and these capacities rely on cellular behavior. Altering the surface properties can modify cellular responses such as cell adhesion, cell motility, bone deposition. Therefore, various implant surface treatment methods are being developed for the improved bone cell responses. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the responses of osteoblast-like cells to surface- modified titanium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiment was composed of four groups. Group 1 represented the electropolished surface. Group 2 surfaces were machined surface. Group 3 and Group 4 were anodized surfaces. Group 3 had low roughness and Group 4 had high roughness. Physicochemical properties and microstructures of the d iscs were examined and the responses of osteoblast-like cells to the discs were investigated. The microtopography was observed by SEM. The roughness was measured by three-dimension roughness measuring system. The microstructure was analyzed by XRD, AES. To evaluate cell responses to modified titanium surfaces, osteoblasts isolated from calvaria of neonatal rat were cultured. Cell count, morphology, total protein measurement and alkaline phosphatase activities of the cultures were examined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results were as follows 1. The four groups showed specific microtopography respectively. Anodized group showed grain structure with micropores. 2. Surface roughness values were, from the lowest to the highest, electropolished group, machined group, low roughness anodized group, and high roughness anodized group. 3. Highly roughened anodized group was found to have increased surface oxide thickness and surface crystallinity. 4. The morphology of cells, flattened or spherical, were different from ach other. In the electropolished group and machined group, the cells were almost flattened. In two anodized groups, some cells were spherical and other cells were flattened. And the 14 day culture cells of all of the groups were nearly flattened due to confluency. 5. The number of attached cells was highest in low roughness anodized group. And the machined group had significantly lower cell count than any other groups(P<.05). 6. Total protein contents showed no difference among groups. 7. The level of alkaline phosphatase activities was higher in the anodized groups than electropolished and machined groups(P<.05).
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Animals ; Bone and Bones ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Count ; Cell Movement ; Edible Grain ; Crystallins ; Osseointegration ; Osteoblasts ; Rats ; Skull ; Surface Properties ; Titanium*

Augmentation rhinoplasty is one of the most popular aesthetic procedures in Asians. Numerous alloplastic implants have been used, however alloplastic implants may cause many problems in nasal and perinasal areas because of thin soft tissue cover. For these reasons, an ideal implant should be nonpalpable, readily exchangeable and biocompatible. Among these alloplastic implants, Gore-Tex(R) is a polymer of carbon bound to fluorine composed of solid nodes connected by very fine fibers. It has been reported that this material become permeated and surrounded by mature connective tissue, forming a strong supporting envelop for the material, yet the implant is easily removed because of limited tissue ingrowth. Since it's development, Gore-Tex(R) has found many applications in the field of facial plastic and reconstructive surgery. From November, 2001 to December, 2002, Gore-Tex(R) implants were removed from 17 patients due to several problems such as; decreased dorsal height, tip deformity, chronic inflammation. The implants were very hard to remove and coinciding injury of the surrounding tissue were inevitable. An analysis of the length and thickness changes in these removed implants was made. The results showed, decrease in length and thickness with a volume loss averaging, 46.3% in 45x4.0mm implants, 49.3% in 50x5.0mm implants. In view of the experiences of 17 cases of Gore-Tex(R) implants in rhinoplasty, we have concluded that Gore-Tex(R) implants were structurally unstable, fibrovascular tissue ingrowth into pores were minimal, the implants were very hard to remove and the implants caused a postoperative volume reduction. Therefore, Gore-Tex(R) use in augmentation rhinoplasty should be approached with caution.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Carbon ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Connective Tissue ; Fluorine ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Plastics ; Polymers ; Polytetrafluoroethylene* ; Rhinoplasty*

No abstract available.
Zygoma*

BACKGROUND: Since 1985 when ILAE proposed its first classification system of epilepsy, many studies have reported the practical applicability of the system. However, its limitations have been elucidated. In order to find out the applicability and limitations of the ILAE classification system and the role that diagnostic parameters (semiology, EEG and MRI) take in the anatomical localization of localization-related epilepsies (LREs), we investigated the clinical data of adult patients with LRE in step-wise way. METHOD: We recruited 173 patients with newly-referred/diagnosed LRE from our departmental data registry. Idiopathic epilepsies were excluded. We evaluated the anatomical localization rate(LR) according to each diagnostic parameter, the concordant localization rate(CLR) between two parameters and between three parameters. LR in total patients by any one of three diagnostic parameters was also evaluated. MRI abnormalities were evaluated in those patients showing concordant localization between semiology and EEG. RESULTS: The highest anatomical LR(67.1%) was reported in the semiological parameter. CLR between semiology and EEG was 28.9%. CLR between three parameters was 16.2%. MRI abnormalities were seen in 60% of patients with concordant localization between semiology and EEG. Fifty six percent of electroclinically concordant patients showed concordant localization with an MRI and 79% of them were concordantly localized in the temporal lobe. The LR in total patients was 71.7%. In each of the evaluation steps, the temporal lobe LR was the highest. CONCLUSIONS: Total lobar LR by any one diagnostic parameter in all the patients was high according to the ILAE diagnostic criteria. Semiology was the best localizing parameter, however, combined evaluation with either EEG or MRI reduced the localizability. Even though the MRI study showed a significant discordance rate in patients with electroclinical localizations, it could identify the underlying etiology in a major proportion of the patients. This study showed the importance of an imaging study in the lobar localization of LREs combined with an electroclinical localization by the ILAE classification system.
Adult* ; Classification* ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsies, Partial* ; Epilepsy* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Temporal Lobe

In this paper, the title was described incorrectly.

The incidence of intertrochanteric fracture of the femur in the elederly patient was lower than young in korea because of low average span and causes of injuries. But recently, the incidence is progressively in creased due to prolongation of korean average life span and improvement of residental enviroment. The mortality and morbidity are higher in spite of various treatment methods because of associated diseases and the poor general conditions of patients. Total 102 cases of intertrochanteric fracture of the femur were treated at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of Soonchunhyang University Hospital during the period from January, 1978 to December, 1985. Among them, 67 cases(65.7%) were over 60 years in the age, and of which 55 cases(one case was bilateral) were followed from 8 months to 3 years and 4 months(Average 14.7 months). The results were as followes: l. Out of 54 patients, 33 patients were female and the mean age was 74 years. 2. The most common cause is the injury from slip down and the ratio between in-door injury to out-door injury was 1.7: l. 3. The 41 cases(74%) out of the 55 cases were operated within 2 weeks after the accident, 35 cases were treated by Richard compression hip screw, 11 cases were by intramedullary nailing, and 9 cases were by multiple pinning. The multiple pinning were usually tried to patients of poor general condition, which was needed to shorten the operation times. 4. The mean duration of multiple pinning operation time was 1 hour 12 minutes, intramedullary nailing operation time was 1 hour 47 minutes and Richard compression hip screw operation time was 2 hour 42 minutes. 5. Among 55 cases, 20 cases(36%) were complicated.
Aged ; Female ; Femur ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Hip ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Mortality

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is known as a self-limiting disease. The most common symptoms include fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, and pain, but nonspecific symptoms such as joint pain, nausea, chills, diaphoresis, and diarrhea may also be present. Its clinical course is generally benign, and symptoms including fever disappear within several months without special treatment. Thus, there is no specific recommended treatment for patients with KFD. However, some patients suffer from prolonged fever or systemic symptoms such as splenomegaly, skin rash, arthralgia, and aseptic meningitis. Many studies have reported the effectiveness of corticosteroids in patients with prolonged fever and systemic symptoms. Our patient also responded favorably to steroids; however, the disease relapsed while tapering. Recently, some studies reported the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine (HC) in patients with KFD. Herein, we report successful treatment with HC in an adolescent patient with recurrent KFD dependent on steroids without any symptoms of autoimmune disease.
Adolescent ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Arthralgia ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Child ; Chills ; Diarrhea ; Exanthema ; Fever ; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis ; Humans ; Hydroxychloroquine ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; Nausea ; Splenomegaly ; Steroids