PURPOSE: To report a single case of Rosai-Dorfman disease of the palpebral conjunctiva with a review of the relevant literature. CASE SUMMARY: A 39-years-old woman presented with a palpebral conjunctival mass 3 weeks in duration on both eyes. The patient had a history of excisional biopsy of lymphadenitis and wanted to remove the mass for cosmetic reasons. An excisional biopsy was performed to obtain a diagnosis for proper management. The histopathologic examination of the lesion showed an intensive proliferation of monotonous and histiocytoid cells beneath the epidermis. Immunohistochemical staining for the S-100 protein was positive and anti-CD1A antibody was negative. Five months after mass excision, there was no evidence of recurrence.
Biopsy ; Conjunctiva ; Cosmetics ; Epidermis ; Eye ; Female ; Histiocytosis, Sinus ; Humans ; Lymphadenitis ; Recurrence ; S100 Proteins

59 children seen from Jan. 1990 to Jun. 1994 with epilepsy were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the tendency of recurrence and the risk factors after the antiepileptic drug discontinuation. The population consisted of 59 children who were seizure free for more than 2 years and followed up for more than 1 year after the discontinuation via department of pediatrics, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine. We analyzed risk factors of recurrence(age of seizure onset, seizure frequency before treatment, interval from seizure onset to start of treatment, duration from neurologic disorders, and EEG done just before discontinuation) between non-recurrent group(43 patients) and recurrent group(16 patients). The results were as follows: 1) In 59 patients with epilepsy, 16(27.1%) patients showed recurrence after the discontinuation and 14(87.5%) patients of those were developed during taperring and within less than 1 year. The probability of recurrent seizure by Kaplan-Meier curve at 12 and 24 months after discontinuation are 23.7% and 33.6% respectively. 2) There were significant differences on seizure frequency before treatement, duration from start of treatment to control (9.5months vs 31.1months), and associated neurologic disorders(11.6% vs. 56.2%) between non-recurrent and recurrent group. 3) There were no significant differences on age at seizure onset(70.6 months vs. 58.5months), interval from seizure onset to start of treatment(9.5months vs. 6.6months), length of seizure free(49.7months vs 39.3months), abnormal EEG finding done just before withdrawal(23.2% vs. 25.0% ) between non-recurrent and recurrent group.
Child ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy* ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Nervous System Diseases ; Pediatrics ; Recurrence* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Seizures

Melanoacanthoma is an extremely rare pigmented benign mixed epithelial tumor of both melanocytes and keratinocytes. A 52-year-old female presented an asymptomatic, slightly elevated, 1. 2 cm x 0. 8 cm, dark black-colored plaque on her right buttock of 2 years' duration. Histopathologic finding of the plaque shows hyperkeratosis, focal parakeratosis, follicular plugging, acanthosih, papillomatosis and pseudo-horn cyst in the epidermis. The tumor is composed of basaloid and squarnous cells with many foci of clusters and whorls of melanin pigment-laden cells. Electron microscopic finding reveals many scattered melanocytes in the entire epidermis. Melanin granules are found mostly in the melanocytes but can also be found in a few keratinocytes.
Buttocks ; Epidermis ; Female ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Middle Aged ; Papilloma ; Parakeratosis

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the selective nerve root block prior to the surgery. METHODS: Between January 2007 and December 2009, 52 cases of selective nerve root block prior to the spine surgery were performed. Three cervical lesions and 49 lumbar spinal lesions were selected. All selected patients had multilevel spine lesions or poorly defined radiologic findings with significant symptoms of neural foramen stenosis. RESULTS: In total of the 52 patients, 41 had positive and 11 had negative results with the nerve root block. Out of the 41 patients with positive results, 40 patients had good surgical outcome. From the 11 patients with negative results, 6 patients had good surgical outcome. All surgeries were performed at the positive level at the selective nerve root block and the most suspected lesion. CONCLUSION: Selective nerve root block can be used to evaluate the location generating the most serious radiating pain. Results of selective nerve root block corresponded with the results of the surgical outcome in the most cases. We can predict the outcome of the surgery, especially in case of multilevel spine problems or poorly defined radiologic findings, by performing preoperative selective nerve root block.
Humans ; Spine

We present a case of tuberculous spondylitis in which diagnosis was masked by a concomitant pyogenic infection. The patient had undergone percutaneous needle aspiration of an abscess in the cavity of the psoas muscle. Early results from the culture regimen showed isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. After eight weeks, mycobacterium tuberculosis was grown at regimen which was cultured at the same site. Initial isolation of pyogenic bacteria, considered to be highly virulent organisms, led to delayed diagnosis and treatment of the tuberculosis.
Abscess ; Bacteria ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Humans ; Masks ; Methicillin ; Methicillin Resistance ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Needles ; Psoas Muscles ; Spondylitis ; Staphylococcus ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Tuberculosis

A 21-year-old woman with gargoyloid face and short trunkal stature showed progressive quadriparesis. Cervical spine MRI showed circumferential compression of cervical spinal cord by thickened dura mater. Elevated urinary dermatan sulfate and decreased enzyme activity of -iduronidase revealed that she has mild form of mucopolysaccharidosis type I. Her weakness was improved with cervical laminectomy and duraplasty. In this case, progressing quadriparesis resulted from cervical spinal cord compression by thickened dura mater. Earlier surgical decompression could have been better for the patient.
Decompression, Surgical ; Dermatan Sulfate ; Dura Mater ; Female ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mucopolysaccharidoses* ; Mucopolysaccharidosis I* ; Quadriplegia ; Spinal Cord Compression* ; Spinal Cord* ; Spine ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color*

Purpose: The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of suction drains following total hip arthroplasties, by comparing the post-operative results between the group with suction drains and the group without suction drains. Materials and Methods: Eighty-six patients, who underwent primary total hip arthroplasties from June 2001 to June 2004, were divided into two groups: group 1 (48 patients), with suction drains; and group 2 (38 patients), without suction drains. We assessed the perioperative hemoglobin and platelet levels, the amount of total blood loss, the amount of post-operative blood transfusions, post-operative ranges of motion (ROMs, at 6 weeks), wound problems, and general conditions. Results: Although the postoperative hemoglobin level was greater in group 2 than in group 1, there was no statistically significant difference. The amount of total blood loss and blood transfusions in group 1 were statistically greater than in group 2 (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the post-operative ROMs and wound complications between groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: There were no limitations of hip motion and no wound complications in the patients without suction drains after total hip arthroplasties. However, they required fewer post-operative blood transfusions than did the patients with suction drains, due to less post-operative blood loss; and the absence of a suction drain might prevent retrograde tube infections. In addition, patients without suction drains after total hip arthroplasties seemed to recover better did than those with suction drains. Therefore, suction drains might provide no benefit in total hip arthroplasties.
Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Transfusion ; Hip ; Humans ; Suction* ; Wounds and Injuries

With technical advances in computed tomography and the introduction of non-ionic low- or iso-osmolar iodinated contrast media (ICM), the use of ICM and the occurrence of ICM-related hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) has rapidly increased. Although ICM-related HSRs are known to be mild, they still represent life-threatening events in rare instances. It is therefore important to prevent recurrent HSRs in high-risk patients. Changing the culprit contrast agent is a powerful known tool for reducing the recurrence rate of HSRs. Based on the large body of evidence, the American College of Radiology manual on contrast media (latest version 10.3) suggests that changing the ICM within the same class may help reduce the likelihood of a subsequent contrast reaction. Furthermore, the European Society of Urogenital Radiology guidelines on contrast agents (latest version 10) also recommends using a different contrast agent with previous contrast agent reactors to reduce the risk of an acute reaction. In this article, we review the necessity and clinical efficacy of changing the culprit ICM for high-risk patients at the time of re-exposure to prevent ICM-related HSRs and minimize the risk of fatality.

With technical advances in computed tomography and the introduction of non-ionic low- or iso-osmolar iodinated contrast media (ICM), the use of ICM and the occurrence of ICM-related hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) has rapidly increased. Although ICM-related HSRs are known to be mild, they still represent life-threatening events in rare instances. It is therefore important to prevent recurrent HSRs in high-risk patients. Changing the culprit contrast agent is a powerful known tool for reducing the recurrence rate of HSRs. Based on the large body of evidence, the American College of Radiology manual on contrast media (latest version 10.3) suggests that changing the ICM within the same class may help reduce the likelihood of a subsequent contrast reaction. Furthermore, the European Society of Urogenital Radiology guidelines on contrast agents (latest version 10) also recommends using a different contrast agent with previous contrast agent reactors to reduce the risk of an acute reaction. In this article, we review the necessity and clinical efficacy of changing the culprit ICM for high-risk patients at the time of re-exposure to prevent ICM-related HSRs and minimize the risk of fatality.
Contrast Media ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Primary Prevention ; Recurrence ; Treatment Outcome