No abstract available.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1* ; Hypothyroidism*

We studied 283 patients with herpes zoster who visited to the Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital between January, 1982 and December, 1985 about the distribution of age, sex, seasonal incidence, associated diseases, camplications and the effect of systemic prednisolone on post herpetic neuralgia. And we also examined the functional states of involved sensory nerve endings by observing the axon flare response to histamine test. The results were as follows . 1. There was no significant differences in sexual and seasonal distributions. 2. There were low incidences of herpes zoster in age groups of below 20 years and over 70 years than age groups of 20 69 years. 3. Sites of involvement were thoracic(170 cases), cervical(38 cases), trigeminal(35 cases), lumbar(28 cases), sacral(11 cases) and facial(1 case) dermatomes. 4. Associated diseases were diabetes mellitus(7 cases), hypertension(7 cases). pulmonary tuberculosis(6 cases), malignant neoplasms(3 cases) and renal transplantation (1 case). 5. Complications were post herpetic neuralgia(18 cases), keratoconjunctivitis(9 cases), meningoencephalitis(1 case), Ramsay Hunt syndrome(1 case), urinary difficulty(1 case) and generalized varicelliform eruption(1 case). 6. The incidence of post-herpetic neuralgia was reduced by systemic prednisolone therapy in patients over 60 years. 7. There was no decrease of axon flare by histamine test on the affected area in 18 patients with herpes zoster.
Axons ; Heart ; Herpes Zoster* ; Histamine* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney Transplantation ; Neuralgia ; Prednisolone ; Seasons ; Sensory Receptor Cells

OBJECTIVE: Lithium inhibits the action of inositol monophosphatase(IMPase) in phosphoinositide(PI) signal transduction system at therapeutically relevant concentration. The depletion of inositol by lithium itself cannt explain the lithium's therapeutic effect. However, attention has focused on the abnormality of PI signal transduction system as the pathophysiology of bipolar affective disorder(BPD). We investigated whether IMPase mRNA levels of lymphocytes would be different between BPD patients(n=16) and age, sex-matched normal controls(n=16). We also investigated the change of IMPase mRNA level by lithium during 4 weeks to probe the possibility that IMPase mRNA levels could predict the therapeutic response to lithium and clinical course. METHOD: Relative IMPase mRNA levels in lymphocyte were quantified by reverse transcriptase(RT)-PCR in sixteen drug-free BPD patients and sex, age-matched normal controls. The psychopathology of patients were measured using YMRS(Young Mania Rating Scale) and CGI(Clinical Global Impression). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in IMPase mRNA levels between BPD patients and normal controls. And the IMPase mRNA levels were not significantly changed by 4 week treatment with lithium. However, the basal IMPase mRNA levels were negatively correlated with the changes of CGI after 4 weeks. Furthermore, the patients with relatively high basal IMPase mRNA levels showed much more improvement during 4 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: BPD patients and normal controls were not distinguished by lymphocyte IMPase mRNA level. Although we do not support the hypothesis that lymphocyte IMPase activity would be related with the pathogenesis of BPD and the action of lithium, these data raise the possibility that lymphocyte IMPase mRNA levels could function as a predictor of therapeutic response and clinical course of BPD.
5'-Nucleotidase ; Bipolar Disorder ; Humans ; Inositol* ; Lithium* ; Lymphocytes* ; Mood Disorders* ; Psychopathology ; RNA, Messenger* ; Signal Transduction

In livestock industry, there is growing interest in methods to increase the production efficiency of livestock to address food shortages, given the increasing global population.With the advancements in gene engineering technology, it is a valuable tool and has been intensively utilized in research specifically focused on human disease. In historically, this technology has been used with livestock to create human disease models or to produce recombinant proteins from their byproducts. However, in recent years, utilizing gene editing technology, cattle with identified genes related to productivity can be edited, thereby enhancing productivity in response to climate change or specific disease instead of producing recombinant proteins. Furthermore, with the advancement in the efficiency of gene editing, it has become possible to edit multiple genes simultaneously. This cattle breed improvement has been achieved by discovering the genes through the comprehensive analysis of the entire genome of cattle. The cattle industry has been able to address gene bottlenecks that were previously impossible through conventional breeding systems. This review concludes that gene editing is necessary to expand the cattle industry, improving productivity in the future. Additionally, the enhancement of cattle through gene editing is expected to contribute to addressing environmental challenges associated with the cattle industry. Further research and development in gene editing, coupled with genomic analysis technologies, will significantly contribute to solving issues that conventional breeding systems have not been able to address.

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

Clinical feature and treatment of renal injury during our 6 year experience with 29 patients were presented. The result was as follow: 1. About four times as many men as women sustained this injury and about two thirds (65.5%) of these occurred between the age of 11-40. 2. The most common cause of renal injury was traffic accident and the next were labor accident and kick and blow. 3. Associated injuries were occurred in 5 patients. 4. Renal wounds were classified as contusions (9 patients), mild ruptures (5 patients), moderate ruptures (5 patients), severe ruptures (6 patients) and lacerations (4 patients). 5.Conserative management was for most of the contusion and rupture, and nephrectomy for laceration as the principals. Operations were performed in 11 patients; nephrectomy in 9 patients, repair of renal capsule in 1 and exploration alone in 1.
Accidents, Traffic ; Contusions ; Female ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Rupture ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
Amputation* ; Forearm* ; Upper Extremity*

Clinical observation was made on 18 cases of total cystectomy who had been admitted to the Department of Urology, Chonnam University Medical School from November 1966 to August 1976. The results were as follows: 1. The age of the patients ranged from 27 to 67 years, most common in sixth decade. Male patients were more common than female ones. 2. The underlying diseases for total cystectomy were bladder tumors in 15 cases, urethral carcinoma in 1, prostatic carcinoma in 1 and prostatic sarcoma in 1. 3. The methods of urinary diversion and remodeling of the urinary tract were ileal conduit in 9 cases, cutaneous ureterostomy in 2, cutaneous transureteroureterostomy in 1, rectal bladder in 3, ureterosigmoidourethrostomy in 2 and ureteroileourethrostomy in 1. 4. Complication was followed immediately as hematoma in cystectomized site, pulmonary edema, severe metabolic acidosis, mechanical ileus, prolonged paralytic ileus, wound disruption, conduit bleeding, stricture of ureteroileal anastomosis site and uncontrolled hiccup and later as incisional hernia, ileal invaginstion and stomal stricture, in 10 cases. 5. There were two operative death (11%) 3 and 4 days postoperatively, respectively.
Acidosis ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Cystectomy* ; Female ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Hernia ; Hiccup ; Humans ; Ileus ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; Jeollanam-do ; Male ; Pulmonary Edema ; Sarcoma ; Schools, Medical ; Ureterostomy ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Diversion ; Urinary Tract ; Urology ; Wounds and Injuries

BACKGROUND: Oncogenes and EGF-Receptor(EGFR) may be involved n different stages of the multistep carcinogenesis process. A specific pattern of karyotypic abnormalities in solid tumors can be detected by cytogenetic methods. OBJECTIVE: This study is intnded to observe the cytomolecular kiologic chracterization of c-myc, erb B and EGFR genes in squasnous cell carcinoma(SCC) of the skin and cervix. METHODS: We have eytogenet,ically examined the short-term culturs from SCC. The rearrangement, amplification or expressi.on of erb B, c-myc, and EGFR genes were studied by Southern blot, analysis of genomic DNA and by slot blot analysis of tota! RNA extracted from biopsies of normal skin and SCC tissues. EGFR expression was examined immunohistochemially using monoclonal antibodies and the localizat,ion of the c-myc oncogene mRNA by in situ hybridization. RESULTS: A remarkably structural aberration was del 6(q21-qter) counted 20 metaphases among 28 metaphases ana1yzed. In nunierical aberration, all chromosomes were lost or gained randomly. Amenploid including triploid and tetraploid were observed in 8 metaphases, 6 tumor cells contained marker chromosome. In Southern blot analysis, rearrangement and amglificaton of EGFR in primary squamous cell carcinoma of cervix uteri and skin respectively. In slot blot analysis, the levels of c-myc, erb B and EGFR mRNA increaaed respectively 3.5, 2.5 and 2.8 times in SCC when compared to normal tissues. In immunoperoxidase stain, EGFR was present, in SCC where keratinocytes with strong cyto-plasmic staining but no membr, line labelling, where as in normal skin the were primarily present in t,he membrane and cytoplasm of basal cells. In situ hybridization with c-myc cDNAs allowed detection of grains representative of biotin labelled cDNA-mRNA hybrids in the frozden section of SCC tissues. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that specific patterns of karyotypir abnormalites, rearrangement, or amplification of EGFR gene, and overexpression of oncogenes and EGFR gene may be associated with the carcinogenesis of SCC.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Biopsy ; Biotin ; Blotting, Southern ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Edible Grain ; Cervix Uteri ; Cytogenetics ; Cytoplasm ; DNA ; DNA, Complementary ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Female ; Genes, erbB-1 ; In Situ Hybridization ; Keratinocytes ; Membranes ; Metaphase ; Oncogenes ; RNA ; RNA, Messenger ; Skin ; Tetraploidy ; Triploidy

Objective: Previous studies have reported the presence of a “weekend effect” with respect to mortality in serious emergency admissions, including cases of traumatic brain injury (TBI).However, the relationship between weekend hospitalization and TBI mortality has not been fully established. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of available evidence and investigate differences in mortality among TBI patients between weekday and weekend admissions. Methods: Electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase were used to obtain relevant articles. Mortality, as the primary outcome of interest, encompassed inhospital or 30-day mortality. Mortality rates were compared between the 2 groups, weekend and weekday admissions. Additionally, meta-regression analysis was performed on potential confounders to verify and provide comparative results. Results: A total of 7 studies involving 522,942 TBI patients were eligible for inclusion in the synthesis of the systematic review. Of these patients, 71.6% were admitted during weekdays, whereas 28.4% were hospitalized on weekends. The overall integrated mortality was 11.0% (57,286/522,942), with a mortality rate of 10.8% in the weekday group and 11.3% in the weekend group. Pooled analysis revealed no significant difference in mortality between the weekday and weekend groups (risk ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.90–1.09; p=0.78).Furthermore, the meta-regression analysis for sensitivity assessment showed no modifying effect on mortality (p=0.79). Conclusion This study found no difference in mortality rates between weekday and weekend admissions among TBI patients. Additional sensitivity analyses also demonstrated no significant increase in the risk of mortality in the weekend group.