Perinatal asphyxia is an insult to fetus or newborn due to lack of oxygen or perfusion to various organs, especially to brain, resulting in the important complication known as hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. A clinical study was conducted on 30 newborns with perinatal asphyxia, who were admitted to Pediatric department of Ewha Women's University Hospital during 18 months period from Sep. 1990 to Feb. 1992. CPK, LDH and isoenzymes were measured in 30 asphyxated neonates and compared with control group. The results were as follows: 1) The serum CPK values at 1st and 7th day were not different in the asphyxia group and control group. 2) The serum CPK-BB and MB fraction at 1st day were highly significant in the asphyxia group. 3) The CSF CPK value at 1st day was highly significant in the asphyxia group. 4) The serum LDH values and the serum LDH isoenzyme 3 were highly significant in asphyxia group at 1st day. 5) The CSF LDH values and the CSF LDH isoenzyme 2 and 3 were highly significant in asphyxia group at 1st day. So, we concluded the serum CPK-BB fraction, the CSF CPK values, the serum LDH values, the serum LDH 2 fraction, the CSF LDH values and the CSF LDH 2,3 fraction as predictors of neurologic disability following perinatal asphyxia.
Asphyxia* ; Brain ; Fetus ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; Infant, Newborn ; Isoenzymes ; Oxygen ; Perfusion

A 62-year-old woman without vascular risk factors presented with left-sided weakness and numbness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain depicted acute right hemispheric infarcts in the cortical and subcortical white matter. Initial MR angiography (MRA) showed large thrombus at the right carotid bifurcation. Valvular atrial fibrillation (vAF) with severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) was found on two-dimensional echocardiography. Serial follow-up computed tomography angiography (CTA) or MRA at 3, 9, and 15 days after anticoagulation alone showed complete resolution of the thrombus with no neurological deterioration. Our case suggests that prompt institution of anticoagulantion alone may result in radiologic resolution of the thrombus with improvement in patient’s clinical status.
Carotid Arteries

PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate the effects of university hospital nurses' organizational conflict between organizational commitment and labor union commitment, so as to provide data on prevention of conflict with the hospital and to improve work achievement with commitment of two different groups: hospital and labor union commitment. METHODS: Data collection was conducted from May 15 to 31, 2011 for nurses registered in the labor union of a university hospital. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test and multiple regression. RESULTS: Organizational commitment of the nurses showed significant differences according to age, position and work experience, and degree of labor union commitment according to academic achievement. The factors affecting labor union commitment were organizational conflict and recognition of need for labor union, which accounted for 19% of the variance. Factors affecting organizational commitment were organizational conflict, recognition of need for labor union, participation in organizational events, and renewal of membership in the union, which accounted for 33% of the variance. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that there is a need to improve work achievement by minimizing conflict and preventing labor disputes for better organizational commitment and labor union commitment of nurses.
Achievement ; Data Collection ; Dissent and Disputes ; Hospitals, University ; Labor Unions

BACKGROUND: Acantholysis can be seen occasionally in the cutanous squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) as a result of degenerative changes of neoplastic cells. OBJECTIVE: This study was done to investigate the keratin attern and a wide range of immunohistochemical features of acantholytic cells of cutaneous SCC. METHODS: Seventeen cases of SCC showed acantholytic cells histoloieally and formalin-fixed, paraf-finembedded biopsy specimens from them were stained by ABC(avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex) staining. Fourteen biopsy specimens from 14 cases of SCC were staincd with 3 monoclonal anti-keratin antibodies(CAM 5.2, MAK-6, and 34bE12) and 17 biopsy spec:mcns from 17 cases of SCC were stained with antibodies agairist CEA(carcinoembryonic antigen), vitamin, S-100 protein, Factor VIII-R Ag, LCA(leukocyte common antigen), and lysozyme. RESULT & CONCLUSION: Acantholytic cells of 14 cases of SCC showed consistently negative staining with CAM 5.2. The acatholytic cells showed a wide range of reactivity with MAK-6 from negative to moderately strong positivity and with 34pE12 from negative to strong positivity. A few acantholytic cells of 6 cases of SCC showed weakly positive staining with anti-CEA antibody, but acantholytic cells of all 17 cases showed consistently negative staining wit,h the other antibodies.
Acantholysis ; Antibodies ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Muramidase ; Negative Staining ; S100 Proteins ; Skin* ; Vitamins

BACKGROUND: Acantholysis can be seen occasionally in the cutanous squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) as a result of degenerative changes of neoplastic cells. OBJECTIVE: This study was done to investigate the keratin attern and a wide range of immunohistochemical features of acantholytic cells of cutaneous SCC. METHODS: Seventeen cases of SCC showed acantholytic cells histoloieally and formalin-fixed, paraf-finembedded biopsy specimens from them were stained by ABC(avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex) staining. Fourteen biopsy specimens from 14 cases of SCC were staincd with 3 monoclonal anti-keratin antibodies(CAM 5.2, MAK-6, and 34bE12) and 17 biopsy spec:mcns from 17 cases of SCC were stained with antibodies agairist CEA(carcinoembryonic antigen), vitamin, S-100 protein, Factor VIII-R Ag, LCA(leukocyte common antigen), and lysozyme. RESULT & CONCLUSION: Acantholytic cells of 14 cases of SCC showed consistently negative staining with CAM 5.2. The acatholytic cells showed a wide range of reactivity with MAK-6 from negative to moderately strong positivity and with 34pE12 from negative to strong positivity. A few acantholytic cells of 6 cases of SCC showed weakly positive staining with anti-CEA antibody, but acantholytic cells of all 17 cases showed consistently negative staining wit,h the other antibodies.
Acantholysis ; Antibodies ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Muramidase ; Negative Staining ; S100 Proteins ; Skin* ; Vitamins

Purpose: : This study aimed to identify the factors influencing physical restraint-related practice among nurses working in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: : The participants consisted of 169 ICU nurses in three general hospitals in B and U cities. Data were collected from December 2021 to January 2022 through a structured selfadministered questionnaire. Demographic characteristics, physical restraint-related practice, Person-centered Critical Care Nursing (PCCN), work environment, and attitudes toward physical restraint use were measured. For data analyses, hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted using SPSS/WIN 25.0. Results: : Clinical careers in the ICU, better work environments, higher PCCN levels, and more positive attitudes toward physical restraint use were associated with a better practice of physical restraints, which together explained 35.5% of the total variance of the outcome. Conclusion : Our findings suggest that to promote a safe physical restraintrelated practice among ICU nurses, it is important to improve the nursing environment, prepare guidelines for applying PCCN, and provide education for endorsing positive attitudes toward the use of physical restraints.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to identify degrees of parenting stress, parenting efficacy, parenting behavior and parental satisfaction, and to identify factors influencing parenting satisfaction of mothers who had preschool children. METHODS: The research participants were 176 mothers. All of mothers had preschool children, aged 2 to 6 years old, and attended one of 3 day care centers or 2 Kindergartens located in J city. Data were collected by convenience sampling using self-report questionnaires which contained items on general characteristics, parenting stress, parenting efficacy, parenting behavior, and parenting satisfaction. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression. RESULTS: The average level of parenting satisfaction of mothers with preschool children was 5.38±0.79. Positive parenting behavior and affective parenting efficacy were verified factors influencing parental satisfaction. These factors accounted for 41.4% of parental satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that positive parenting behavior and affective parenting efficacy have the biggest impact on parental satisfaction. The results of this study provide the basic data for the development of parental education program aimed at improving parental satisfaction of mothers who have preschool children.
Child, Preschool* ; Day Care, Medical ; Education ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Parenting ; Parents* ; Personal Satisfaction ; Stress, Psychological

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to identify the level of resilience, autonomous motivation, depression and self-care and their correlates in elders with hypertension. METHODS: The participants were 200 elders with hypertension living in J, I, and K city. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the Resilience Scale, Treatment Self Regulation Questionnaire, Short Form Geriatric Depression Scale, and Hypertension Self-care Scale. RESULTS: Total scores for resilience, autonomous motivation, depression, and self-care were 109.65± 20.78, 38.18±5.99, 8.33±2.61, and 52.06±6.94, respectively. Autonomous motivation, income, acceptance of self and life, resilience, experience of hypertension education, and gender were verified as factors influencing self-care. These factors accounted for 51.6% of self-care. CONCLUSION: Understanding these factors is essential for developing effective interventions to improve self-care in elders with hypertension.
Depression ; Education ; Hypertension* ; Motivation ; Self Care* ; Self-Control

Cutaneous metastasis from visceral malignancies shows diverse manifestations. Very rarely, cutaneous metastasis mimicks benign mesenchymal tumors. We describe a case in which metastasis from gastric adenocarcinoma mimicked fibrohistiocytic tumors. The diagnosis of cutaneous metastasis was confirmed by the presence of atypical cells and signet-ring cells, positive staining for mucin and positive immunohistochemical stainings for keratins, carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), and lysozyme within the tumor cells infiltrated in the irregular, intertwining bundles of collagen in the reticular dermis.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Diagnosis ; Mucins ; Muramidase ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Studies on the correlation between proliferative activity of biopsied specimen and pathologic findings of resected specimen have been carried out to find the prognostic factors. To estimate the proliferative activity, 100 cases of biopsied specimen of gastric adenocarcinoma were tested for the PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) and the AgNOR (argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region) by the immunohistochemical and histochemical stainings, respectively. The resected tumors classified by histologic type, differentiation, depth of invasion, and nodal metastatic status were followed by cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry. The PCNA LI (labelling index) were higher in well or moderately differentiated tumors (P<0.01) than the poorly differentiated ones and the aneuploid tumors (P<0.05) more than in diploid ones. However, there were no correlations among histologic types, depth of invasion, nodal metastatic status and PCNA LI. The AgNOR counts were higher in advanced tumor than in the EGC (early gastric cancer) (P<0.01). In cases with nodal metastasis, most of them showed the AgNOR counts higher than those without nodal metastasis. There were no correlations between the AgNOR counts and the DNA ploidy, histologic type, or differentiation. High PCNA LI and high AgNOR counts were shown in cases with advanced tumors (P=0.000) and nodal metastasis (P<0.05). No correlation was shown with the histologic type or differentiation. The results show that proliferative activity of the biopsied specimen of gastric adenocarcinoma is correlated with the differentiation and the invasion depth of resected specimen. Especially, better correlation is obtained by analyzing both the PCNA LI and the AgNOR counts than by analyzing each.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Aneuploidy ; Cell Cycle ; Diploidy ; DNA ; Flow Cytometry ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nucleolus Organizer Region ; Ploidies ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Stomach Neoplasms