We report a case of exogastric schwannoma of the stomach in 41-years-old male patient with papable mass in left upper abdomen. Upper GI series revealed extrinsic compression on the greater curvature of the stomach. CT scan showed a low density mass attached to greater curvature of the stomach with inhomogeneous contrast nhancement in the mass lesion. The mass was removed by surgery, and confirmed pathologically as schwannoma arising from the stomach.
Abdomen ; Humans ; Male ; Neurilemmoma* ; Stomach* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Adenosarcoma* ; Endometrium* ; Female

No abstract available.
Adenosarcoma* ; Endometrium* ; Female

No abstract available.
Cutaneous Fistula ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous* ; Humans ; Sarcoma, Kaposi*

PURPOSE: The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate whether the acoustic radiation force (ARF) is a potential source of twinkling artifacts in color Doppler images. METHODS: Color Doppler images were obtained using a clinical ultrasonic scanner (Voluson e, GE Healthcare) for a high contrast (+15 dB) circular scattering phantom at pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs) ranging from 0.1 to 13 kHz. Ultrasound transmissions resulting in ARF were measured using a hydrophone at the various PRFs considered. The influence of ARF on the appearance of twinkling colors was examined via the common parameter PRF. This methodology is based on the fact that alternating positive and negative Doppler shifts induced by the ARF are centered at a PRF twice the maximum Doppler frequency on the color scale bar, whereas the twinkling color aliasing is expected to remain similar regardless of PRF. RESULTS: Color twinkling artifacts were observed to be most conspicuous at the lowest PRF of 0.1 kHz. The extent of twinkling rapidly decreased as the PRF increased, eventually disappearing when the PRF > or =0.6 kHz. The measured ultrasound transmissions, however, were found to be insensitive to the PRF, and therefore it can be inferred that the PRF was insensitive to the ARF. CONCLUSION: Based on our experimental observations, the ARF may not be a source of color Doppler twinkling artifacts.
Acoustics* ; Artifacts* ; Doppler Effect ; Ultrasonics ; Ultrasonography ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color

PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence of abnormalities seen on sonography and renal scintigraphy, according tothe grade of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) on in voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Onehundred and forty-nine patients (age range : 1 months - 10 years) with urinary tract infection underwentsonography, VCUG, and renal scans, and 32 showed VUR on VCUG. We retrospectively evaluated the frequency andcharacteristic findings of sonographic abnormalities according to the grade of VUR, and also the frequency ofcortical defects seen on renal scans of 32 patients with VUR. The remaining 117 patients without VUR were alsoevaluated for the frequency of abnormal findings seen on sonography and renal scans. RESULTS: Among 32 patients(49 kidneys) with VUR, abnormal findings were not detected in 17 (29 kidneys) on sonography ; thus, findings wereabnormal in 15(20 kidneys, 41%). Among these 20 kidneys, renal calyceal and/or pelvic dilatation and dilatation ofdistal ureter were seen in 11, all of which were grade 4-5 VUR. Renal pelvic dilatation only was noted in eightkidneys ; two were grade 1-3 and six were grade 4-5 VUR. Nineteen patients (24 kidneys, 49%) showed focal corticaldefects on renal scintigraphy. Six kidneys were grade 1-3, and 18 kidneys were grade 4-5 VUR. Of 117 patientswithout VUR, 34 patients (29%) showed renal pelvic dilatation on sonography and in 14 patients (12%), corticaldefects were seen on renal scintigraphy. CONCLUSION: Among 32 patients with VUR, 41% showed abnormal sonographicfindings and in 49%, cortical defects were seen on renal scintigraphy. With a higher grade of VUR, the prevalenceof abnormalities increased on both sonography and renal scintigraphy. Sonographic demonstration of renal calicealand/or pelvic dilatation associated with ipsilateral distal ureteric dilatation was the characteristic finding inhigh grade VUR.
Dilatation ; Humans ; Kidney ; Prevalence ; Radionuclide Imaging* ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography* ; Ureter ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux*

BACKGROUND: The orthostatic hypotension in response to the assumption of an upright posture is regulated by activation of sympathetic nerves. Role of the vestibular system and neural pathway on orthostatic hypotension were investigated. METHODS: Changes of arterial blood pressure produced by head-up tilting, rotatory stimulation of the vestibular system, or electrical stimulation to the vestibular nerve, vestibular nuclei, and rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) were measured in Sprague-Dawley rats. Also, field potentials were recorded in the vestibular nuclei and RVLM and c-Fos expression was evaluated in the brain stem in order to investigate the vestibulosympathetic pathways. RESULTS: The three phasic blood pressure responses were elicited by head-up tilting: initial fall, early recovery, and late sustained pressure at near control levels, the magnitude of the pressure fall was parallel with the degree of head-up tilting in normal rats. Return position from head-up tilting recovered control level of blood pressure after a brief rapid elevation. However, bilateral labyrinthectomy resulted in exaggerated initial falling and devoid of early recovery phase during postural change. Sinusoidal rotation about off-vertical axis of the vestibular system elicited more elevation of blood pressure than rotation about earth vertical axis. Electrical stimulation of the vestibular nerve, vestibular nucleus, and RVLM produced elevation of blood pressure, which was the most prominent by stimulation of RVLM. Field potentials composed of P, N1, N2 waves in the vestibular nuclei were recorded by stimulation of the vestibular nerve, while weak potentials in RVLM were recorded by stimulation of the vestibular nuclei. An electrical stimulation of the vestibular nuclei expressed c-Fos immunoreactive cells in RVLM. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the otolith organ of the vestibular system plays a major role in control of orthostatic hypotension, and the pathway of vestibulosympathetic reflex in control of blood pressure involves the vestibular nuclei, RVLM, intermed-iolateral nuclei of the thoracic spinal cord.
Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Blood Pressure ; Brain Stem ; Electric Stimulation ; Hypotension, Orthostatic* ; Neural Pathways ; Otolithic Membrane ; Posture ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reflex* ; Spinal Cord ; Vestibular Nerve ; Vestibular Nuclei

Foldable intraocular lenses(IOLs) arebeing used and wide spread with some advantages such asn little surgically induced astigmatism and rapid visual rehabilitation, but the effect of foldable IOLs on long-term safety and the formation of after-cataract was not understood clearly yet. 48 patients(54 eyes) which underwent Nd-YAG capsulotomy from 1995 to 1997 at the Kangnam St. Mary`s Hostpital were studied. All the cases had been operated by one operator(Joo) with the same technique except for incision method. The average interval from cataract surgery to Nd-YAG capsulotomy was 31 months in PMMA group and 15 months in silicone group. This difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P=0.0002). The ratio of Elschnig pearl type to fibrosis type in after-c attract was 16:6 in PMMA group and 13:18 in silicone group. The average of the total energy used in Nd-YAG laser capsulotomy was 256mJ in PMMA group and 309mJ in silicone group. However, damages caused by YAG laser were severer and more common on the silicone IOLs than on the PMMA IOLs. Silicone IOL induces after-cataract faster than PMMA IOL and the major type of after-cataract in pseudophakia with silicone IOL is fibrosis.
Astigmatism ; Cataract ; Fibrosis ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Polymethyl Methacrylate* ; Pseudophakia ; Rehabilitation ; Silicones*

We report a case of elephantiasis neurofibromatosa in a 50-year-old female patient treated by in walking excision. She had difficulty in walking due to a huge mass on the abdomen. After surgical excision, she is leading a normal life and is very satisfied.
Abdomen ; Elephantiasis* ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Walking

Fryns syndrome is a lethal syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies first described by Fryns et al in 1979. A recently developed major diagnostic criteria includes abnormal face, small thorax with widely spaced hypoplastic nipples, distal limb and nail hypoplasia, lung hypoplasia with diaphragmatic hernia, central nervous system anomalies and congenital heart disease. The pathogenesis of Fryns syndrome is not clear. Of the major immediate life-threatening abnormalities of this syndrome, lung hypoplasia associated with diaphragmatic hemia has usually proven to be fatal. We report a case of Fryns syndrome, which has the prenatal ultrasonographic findings of Dandy-Walker malformation and renal hypoplasia.
Central Nervous System ; Dandy-Walker Syndrome ; Extremities ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; Lung ; Nipples ; Thorax