The authors analysed 340 cases of the ocular injuries among 7633 out and in-patients who visited to the clinic of P.N.U. hospital during 5 years, from Jan. 1964 to Dec. 1968. Followings were discussed. 1. We found that 4.6% of all cases attending our eyes clinic was victims of ocular injuries. 2. The sex incidence showed that 78.9% of such ocular injuries occured in male and 21.1% in female. 3. The incidence was prevalent in young adult 21-30 years of age, and their large number of cases were injured from blowing and industrial accidents, while in children under 10 years of age sharp-pointed toys were more frequent causes. 4. The subconjunctival hemorrhage was the most frequent disturbance of ocular injuries and then came traumatic cataract and corneal foreign bodies in that order. 5. The prognosis of ocular injuries was generally poor, especially, poor, especially in the perforating and penetrating wound of the whether the foreign body was retained or not.
Accidents, Occupational ; Cataract ; Child ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Play and Playthings ; Prognosis ; Wounds, Penetrating ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Melanoma ; Nevus

This is a very important differential diagnosis for postpartum hemorrhage following cesarean delivery because repeated life-threatening bleeding may induce multiple blood transfusion and require emergency surgery including hysterotomy. False or pseudoanuerysm can be acquired in association with trauma, previous surgery, trophoblastic disease, neoplasm, infection or diethylstilbestrol exposure. When a punctured or lacerated artery does not seal completely, blood may escape and dissects the adjacent tissues, and collects in perivascular areas. If this collection maintains in communication with the parent vessel, a pseudoaneurysm could result. Typically the lesion are discovered because the patients have symptoms related to delayed rupture of the pseudoaneurysms, causing hemorrhage. Radiographic techniques (angiography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging) have provided the opportunity to diagnose pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous malformation. We report a case of postpartum hemorrhage following cesarean delivery attributed to a pseudoaneurysm of the uterine pedicle and treated with arterial embolization. Angiographic study confirmed the diagnosis and embolization of the false aneurysm was successful in controlling the hemorrhage.
Aneurysm, False* ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Blood Transfusion ; Cesarean Section* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diethylstilbestrol ; Emergencies ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hysterotomy ; Parents ; Postpartum Hemorrhage* ; Postpartum Period* ; Pregnancy ; Rupture ; Trophoblasts ; Ultrasonography ; United Nations

No abstract available.
Osteoarthropathy, Primary Hypertrophic* ; Peptic Ulcer* ; Polyps* ; Stomach*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Poroma* ; Tissue Donors*

PURPOSE: As orbital involvement in multiple myeloma is rare, the correct diagnosis is usually difficult. We report a case of multiple myeloma which involved the orbit, and which presented with unilateral ptosis. METHODS: A 35-year-old man was referred for the evaluation of ptosis of the left eyelid for 1 month. The levator function was normal, and there was no proptosis. Orbital computerized tomography (CT) revealed an orbital mass lesion involving the superior orbital ridge with intracranial extension. RESULTS: Excisional biopsy was performed through craniotomy and superior orbitotomy. Histopathologic examination and immunostaining result suggested a diagnosis of a plasmacytoma. The diagnosis of multiple myeloma was confirmed through bone marrow aspiration and biopsy showing diffuse infiltration of plasma cells. CONCLUSIONS: We experienced a case of multiple myeloma, which is rare in the orbit presenting unilateral ptosis. In addition, the possibility of orbital mass should be considered as an unusual cause of unilateral, acquired, progressive ptosis.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Craniotomy ; Diagnosis ; Exophthalmos ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma* ; Orbit ; Plasma Cells ; Plasmacytoma

Cloacal anomalies are very rare congenital malformations with the incidence of 1/50,000-250,000 births. Hydrocolpos involves the dilatation of the vagina due to obstruction of the genital tract, leading to accumulation of secretions. Because of wide spectrum of abnormal anatomy involving urogenital and gastrointestinal systems, prenatal diagnosis is difficult. As ultrasound becomes more and more reliable, prenatal diagnosis is possible as early as in the second trimester. The presence of prenatally detected hydro (metro) colpos warrants a systematic evaluation of fetal and neonatal anatomy to rule out a large variety of possibly associated malformations or syndromes. We present a case of urogenital sinus maldevelopment which was initially presented as a fetal ascites.
Ascites ; Dilatation ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocolpos ; Incidence ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Ultrasonography* ; Vagina

PURPOSE: The emergency department (ED) has been considered highly stressful environment to work in. However, there has been no study evaluating the stresses endured by emergency staffs in Korea. This study aims to evaluate the cause and effect of stress, and coping methods used by doctors and nurses under stress from working in an emergency department. METHODS: Interns, residents and nurses of an emergency center were given questionnaires that included general health questionnaire (GHQ)-12 scale and modified Holmes & Rahe (HR) scale to examine the cause and effect of stress, and determine the coping methods they used to alleviate stress. A score of greater than 20 in the GHQ-12 scale and greater than 80 in the HR scale were considered as significant for stress. The stress scales were compared among the three groups using analysis of variance and chisquare test. RESULTS: A total of 111 participants consisting of 46 interns, 19 residents, and 46 nurses were surveyed. While the GHQ-12 score showed no difference between groups, the HR score showed significant differences among residents (82.4+/-23.0), nurses (73.6+/-13.2), and interns (70.1+/-17.7). Each stress score did not differ according to the age, gender, marital status, or presence of lover. Most frequently recorede effects of stress were difficulty waking up and fatigue. Most frequent coping methods employed were sleeping and smoking. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that ED staffs, especially residents, were exposed to significant amount of stress.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Emergencies ; Fatigue ; Korea ; Marital Status ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Weights and Measures

BACKGROUND: The optimal management of cutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) infections requires rapid and accurate diagnostic methods. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) is known to be rapid and sensitive, but fresh samples are needed to ensure accuracy. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the usefulness of DIF and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in patients with HSV and VZV infections. METHODS: From January 2012 to August 2013, a total of 134 patients (53 patients with HSV and 81 patients with VZV) were included in this study. Tissue smears were collected from the base of fresh vesicular lesions, and each IF slide was stained with an FITC-conjugated VZV-specific and HSV-specific monoclonal antibody. Viral DNA amplification by PCR was also examined. We compared the positivity rates of DIF and PCR according to virus type and skin lesion duration. RESULTS: The overall positivity rate of PCR (94.0%) was higher than that of DIF (79.1%), and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001). DIF was positive in 67.9% and 86.4% of HSV and VZV cases, respectively, and this difference was statistically significant p<0.0001). The positivity rate of DIF decreased in skin lesions older than 7 days; however, PCR showed no significant differences in positivity rates according to skin lesion duration. CONCLUSION: DIF is a rapid and discriminating test for early lesions of HSV and VZV. PCR is an especially sensitive test for old lesions, and aids in making a definitive diagnosis when combined with DIF.
Diagnosis* ; DNA, Viral ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct* ; Herpes Simplex ; Herpesvirus 3, Human* ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Simplexvirus* ; Skin

PURPOSE: Several studies have suggested that many children have no symptoms before hospitalization with asthma exacerbations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how many asymptomatic children were hospitalized for asthma exacerbation, and to analyze their prior symptoms. METHODS: Children over 3 years old, hospitalized for acute asthma exacerbation in the Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Centers in the Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital from January 2003 to December 2006 were enrolled, and their medical records reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Among 142 identified patients (median age 5+/-2.5 yr), the group who developed asthmatic symptoms within four weeks before admission occupied about 18.5%. And the group who developed asthmatic symptoms in four weeks or acute exacerbation in six weeks before admission occupied about 23.2%. And group who had asthmatic symptoms in four weeks or acute exacerbation in six weeks or acute exacerbation one year before admission occupied about 31.6%. In September, the group who had no symptom before admission was larger than the group who had asthmatic symptom. The baseline characteristics of each group were not significantly different with respect to age, sex, past history or family history of allergic disease, UniCAP, total IgE and eosinophil count. CONCLUSION: Many children had no symptoms before admission for acute asthma exacerbation. Therefore, we suggest considering that a large number of patients with no previous symptoms are at great risk of acute exacerbation in September, when maintenance therapy is determined.
Asthma* ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Eosinophils ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoglobulin E ; Medical Records ; Respiratory Center ; Retrospective Studies