Kaposi's sarcoma was first descrided by Kaposi in 1872 as an idiopathic multiple hemorrhagic sarcoma. Its clinical features revealed to be erythematous red or purple macule started out, and developing into palpable dome-shaped nodules. Etiology is not defined to detail at present. Kaposi's sarcoma is classified to 4 categories; Classical, African, Epidemic and Transplant type. Epidemic or AIDS categories is found approximately 20 % of all AIDS and has strong predilection for head and neck region. The first case of Kaposi's sarcoma observed in patients with kidney transplants was reported in 1969. Kaposi's sarcoma now accounts for 5% of all tumors associated with transplanted patients and alteration of the immunosuppression may have played a key role in these recipients. The most common site of Kaposi's sarcoma in transplanted patients are extremities but rare in head and neck area. We report a case of Kaposi's sarcoma on the hard palate in the kidney transplantation patient.
Extremities ; Head ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation ; Mouth* ; Neck ; Palate, Hard ; Sarcoma ; Sarcoma, Kaposi*

Fibular hemimelia is the most common congenital absence or hypoplasia of long bone. In addition to fibular absence or hypoplasia, this entity also includes various combined abnormalities of the lower limbs. We present here three cases of fibular hemimelia who underwent diagnosis and treatment in our hospital. Wee especially focus on the imaging findings of the plain radiographs, and we compare them with the findings found at another presentation.
Diagnosis ; Ectromelia* ; Extremities ; Fibula ; Lower Extremity

PURPOSE: This study was to identify the relationship among clinical nurse's job overload, self-efficacy, emotional exhaust and turnover intention. METHODS: The study was conducted through a survey on 537 clinical nurses in five general hospitals. The data were collected by self-reporting questionnaires and analysed by the SPSS/WIN 17.0 program using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: The mean score of turnover intention was 3.04. Turnover intention according to age, total career, job objective, and work off showed significant differences. The significant positive correlations between emotional exhaust and turnover intention (r=.531, p<.001), job overload and turnover intention (r=.514, p<.001) were found. The significant factors influencing turnover intention were emotional exhaust (beta=.488, p<.001), career (beta=.175, p<.001), job overload (beta=.119, p=.003), and number of night (beta=.117, p=.002), which accounted for 40.3% of the variance. CONCLUSION: Thought this result, nursing managers should analyze the reasons for high turnover intention, focusing on the main factors affecting turnover intention and consider the solutions to decrease the turnover intention.
Hospitals, General ; Intention ; Personnel Turnover ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE: Panic disorder has been suggested to be divided into the respiratory and non-respiratory subtypes in terms of its clinical presentations. The present study aimed to investigate whether there are any differences in treatment response and clinical characteristics between the respiratory and non-respiratory subtypes of panic disorder patients. METHODS: Among the 48 patients those who completed the study, 25 panic disorder patients were classified as the respiratory subtype, whereas 23 panic disorder patients were classified as the non-respiratory subtype. All patients were treated with escitalopram or paroxetine for 12 weeks. We measured clinical and psychological characteristics before and after pharmacotherapy using the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS), Albany Panic and Phobic Questionnaire (APPQ), Anxiety Sensitivity Index-Revised (ASI-R), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T, STAI-S), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). RESULTS: The prevalence of the agoraphobia was significantly higher in the respiratory group than the non-respiratory group although there were no differences in gender and medication between the two groups. The respiratory group showed higher scores on the fear of respiratory symptoms of the ASI-R. In addition, after pharmacotherapy, the respiratory group showed more improvement in panic symptoms than the non-respiratory group. CONCLUSION: Panic disorder patients with the respiratory subtype showed more severe clinical presentations, but a greater treatment response to SSRIs than those with non-respiratory subtype. Thus, classification of panic disorder patients as respiratory and non-respiratory subtypes may be useful to predict clinical course and treatment response to SSRIs.
Agoraphobia ; Anxiety ; Citalopram ; Classification ; Depression ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Panic ; Panic Disorder* ; Paroxetine ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; Treatment Outcome

In a murine model system, enhancement of the total IgA and rotavirus-specific IgA of suckling mice was measured by ELISA with the intestinal fluid following oral administration of murine rotavirus EC (EDIM-Cambridge) strain. In the EC strain-administered group, the geometric mean titers (GMT) of total IgAs were 512 and 91 at 1 and 2 week postinfection, respectively. On the other hand, the GMTs of the rotavirus-specific IgAs were 108 and 3 at the same periods, respectively. Thus increase in the total IgAs was 64 folds and that in the rotavirus-specific IgAs was 43 folds compared with the negative control group. As the maximal titers of both the total and rotavirus-specific IgAs were observed at 1 week decreasing until 2 weeks after infection, it is evident that the GMT of the total IgA implies that of rotavirus-specific IgA. In our ELISA system, whose specificity was verified by Western blot analysis, the total IgA in the administered group was determined to be 40-400 ng per 1 ml of the intestinal fluid. Therefore it is concluded that determination of the rotavirus-specific IgA in murine models can be a sensitive indication of rotavirus infection, and will be another promising tool in viral challenge experiments in vaccine development.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hand ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR* ; Rotavirus Infections ; Rotavirus* ; Sensitivity and Specificity

A silicone-covered modified Gianturco stent in patients with malignant esophageal stricture is an easy, safe, and effective palliative procedure, but reports of complications arising from stent placement in patients with this condition are numerous. There have been no reports of fracture of the modified Gianturco esophageal stent. We report a case of stent fracture in association with gastric migration of modified Gianturco esophageal stent in a patient with malignant esophageal stricture. It appears that the fracture was probably due to oxidation of the stent by gastric juice.
Esophageal Stenosis* ; Gastric Juice ; Humans ; Stents*

To measure the birth registration rate and the validity of birth registration data in rural area, all of the 4,014 married women under 49 years of age who had not been sterilized in Gunwee county of Kyungpook province were followed by Myun health workers for 2 years from April 1, 1985 to March 31, 1987 and 766 births were detected. All of the birth registration records of Myun offices were reviewed on September 30, 1987 and 944 births which occurred within the above mentioned period were found. Actual birth date obtained by follow-up study were compared with the birth date on registration card. Among 766 births detected by follow-up study, 576 births(75.2%) which were reported within 6 months after birth were ascertained on the official registration records and 96 births(12.5%) were not found on the records although mother stated that the birth was registered. The registration rate within legal due date was 61.3% among 576 births detected by follow-up study and also ascertained on the official records. The registration rate within legal due date was lower in mothers under 20 years of age and above 35 years and in mothers who had only primary education. It was decreased as the birth order increased. The registration rate was higher in births occurred from October to March than births occurred from April to September. All of the births of 7 neonatal deaths were not reported. The registered birth date was consistent with the actual birth date in 78.0%. Birth date on record was earlier than the actual birth date in 6.8% and later in 15.3%. The consistency rate was lower in mothers above 35 years of age(54.5%), and in infants of 4th birth order and above(56.3%). The rate was increased as the maternal education level increased. The rate of boys was higher than that of girls. A higher percentage(17.4%) of infants born in March was registered with earlier date than the actual birth date and most of these registered birth dates were lunar calendar date. This might be related with the age for entering the primary school. The study findings revealed that the birth registration rate within legal due date and accuracy of report have been increased in recent years, but the infant mortality rate derived from the birth registration seems to be very inaccurate. It is suggested to let the medical personnel who delivered the baby report the birth by mail directly to the current address of parent while infants delivered at home without professional attendant may comply with the present registration system.
Birth Order ; Education ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Mortality ; Linear Energy Transfer ; Mothers ; Parents ; Parturition* ; Postal Service

PURPOSE: To compare the surgical outcomes between modified bilateral lateral rectus muscle (BLR) recession and augmented unilateral recession-resection (R&R) for the convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia (IXT). METHODS: 37 patients with convergence insufficiency IXT were divided into two groups: 13 patients (underwent BLR recession) and 24 patients (underwent unilateral R&R). Success was defined as within 10 prism diopters (PD) at distance and near, and within 10 PD of the difference between them at postoperative 12 months. RESULTS: After the patch test, the preoperative distance deviation angle in the BLR group was 29.9 ± 8.4 PD, and the near deviation angle was 42.3 ± 9.7 PD; the difference between them was 12.5 ± 3.2 PD. In the R&R group, the preoperative distance deviation angle was 26.7 ± 5.8 PD, and the near deviation angle was 41.5 ± 7.4 PD; the difference between them was 14.8 ± 4.3 PD (p = 0.235, p = 0.987, and p = 0.123). At the 12-month follow-up in the BLR group, the distance angle was 3.8 ± 5.1 PD, and the near deviation angle was 4.9 ± 6.1 PD; the difference between them was 2.9 ± 5.9 PD. In the R&R group, the postoperative distance deviation angle was 4.7 ± 6.1 PD, and the near deviation angle was 7.9 ± 6.6 PD; the difference between them was 3.65 ± 5.1 PD (p = 0.708, p = 0.162, and p = 0.632, respectively). The surgical success rate did not differ significantly between groups at 12 months postoperatively (76.9%: BLR group and 70.8%: R&R group; p = 0.690). CONCLUSIONS: Modified BLR recession showed a similar surgical success rate to augmented unilateral R&R, and was effective in reducing both distance and near exodeviation, and in decreasing the difference between distance and near deviation in convergence insufficiency IXT.
Exotropia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ocular Motility Disorders ; Patch Tests

PURPOSE: This study was to conduct a Korean cultural adaptation of the WHO disability assessment schedule (WHODAS) 2.0: 36-item version. METHODS: An internationally standardized process of translation and cultural adaptation of an instrument was used to develop a Korean version of WHODAS 2.0: 36-item version. Linking each item into the international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF) was also conducted in order to ensure the concepts in the translated instrument were compatible with ICF. All translated versions of the instrument, linking results and feedback from participants were used for the final adaptation of the Korean version of the instrument. The Korean version of the instrument was assessed twice on different occasions to examine inter- and intra-rater reliability, and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated. RESULTS: Twelve participants were involved in the translation and linking process. Ninety-five volunteers were invited to participate to examine the reliability of the instrument. Fifty participants completed the self-rated version of the instrument and 45 finished the interviewer version. The Korean WHODAS 2.0: 36-item version was found to have excellent reliability: self-rated version and interviewer version reliability coefficients were ICC=0.92 and ICC=0.94, respectively. Thirty-four items of the translated instrument were to be linked to ICF categories. Some adaptation was made; details and a familiar example were added to help respondents answer the questions. CONCLUSION: The study results show that the adaptation of the 36-item version of WHODAS 2.0 to Korean was successful and the instrument is ready for use in testing its psychometric properties.
Appointments and Schedules ; International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health ; Psychometrics ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Volunteers

PURPOSE: This study was to identify international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF) categories that could be linked conceptually to disability of arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) items and short form of health survey 36 (SF-36) items for persons with shoulder pain. METHODS: Linkage between each item in DASH and SF-36 and the categories in the ICF were assessed. The linking process was performed by ten health professionals following the linking rule. One hundred four patients with shoulder pain were enrolled from 12 private clinic outpatient departments and participated in this study. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to assess the relationships between each scale item and the linked ICF code. RESULTS: Thirty DASH items were able to be linked to 30 ICF codes, whereas the 36 items in SF-36 were only linked to 17 ICF codes. General health items included in SF-36 could not be linked to a relevant ICF concept. There was a high correlation between the two measurement tools and the linked ICF codes, DASH and its ICF code list (r=0.91), SF-36-Physical Health and its code list (r=−0.62), and SF-36-Mental Health and its code list (r=−0.72). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that concepts within each item in DASH can be linked to ICF codes for patients with shoulder pain, however, the concepts in the SF-36 items had limited linkage to ICF codes. The shoulder-specific functional tool, DASH can be expressed with ICF codes and, therefore, its use can promote data standardization and improve communication between professionals.
Arm ; Hand ; Health Occupations ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health* ; Outpatients ; Shoulder Pain* ; Shoulder*