Herein, we report a 36-year-old Asian male patient who presented with grouped multiple erythematous waxy papules and nodules on his right medial thigh. He had undergone amputation of the right second toe because of a stage IIa malignant melanoma, 3 years previously. At the time of surgery for the primary tumor, right inguinal lymph node dissection revealed no nodal involvement. Three years after the diagnosis of the primary tumor, crops of multiple erythematous papules and nodules developed. Initial histopathologic evaluation of the papules showed nests of small epithelioid cells similar to compound nevi. However, cytologic features, including high mitotic figures, lack of maturation, and some hyperchromatic nuclei suggested metastatic melanoma. In addition to the pathologic findings, the tumors were on the right thigh, which was the same side as the primary malignant melanoma. The patient underwent wide excision of the tumor and split-thickness skin grafting.
Adult ; Amputation ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Diagnosis ; Epithelioid Cells ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Male ; Melanoma* ; Nevus* ; Skin Transplantation ; Thigh ; Toes

No abstract available.
Incidence

No abstract available.
Humans ; Telangiectasis

Corticotropin-releasing factor(CRF) and neuropeptide Y(NPY) are known to play important roles in mediating stress responses and stress-related behavior. To elucidate the role of neuropeptides in response to the condition that had paired with traumatic event, we observed the changes of CRF and NPY by immunohistochemistry using a conditioned footshock paradigm. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were placed in a shuttle box and exposed to 20 pairings of a tone(< 70dB, 5sec) followed by a footshock(FS, 0.8mA, 1sec) over 60min. A second group was exposed to the tone-footshock pairings, returned to the homecage for 2days, and then reexposed to the test chamber and 20tones alone for 60min, prior to sacrifice. Control groups were : a) sacrificed without exposure to FS ; b) exposed to the tone-footshock pairings and then sacrificed two days later ; or c) exposed to the chamber and tones alone, returned to the homecage for 2days and then reexposed to the chamber and 20tones over 60min prior to sacrifice. CRF was increased in animals exposed to FS or the aversive condition(context and tone) that had paired to FS in bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) compared to the control. NPY was increased by FS in amygdala and PVN, but the condition previously associated with FS results in slight increase only in amygdala area. These results suggest that the BNST appears to be the mostly involved neural circuit in response to explicit cues previously paired with footshock. Moreover, this study raise the possibility that increased CRF peptide in the BNST in response to re-exposure to the aversive condition may underlie, in part, the experience of conditioned fear-related anxiety behavior.
Amygdala ; Animals ; Anxiety ; Cues ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Negotiating ; Neuropeptides* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Mucinoses* ; Nevus, Pigmented*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II ; Xanthomatosis

No abstract available.
Abscess* ; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw*

No abstract available.
Mongolian Spot* ; Mucopolysaccharidosis II*

We examined the inhibitory effects of loquat methanol extract on the adhesion, migration, invasion and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line. Cells were cultured with DMSO or with 10, 25, or 50 microg/ml of loquat methanol extract. Both leaf and seed extracts significantly inhibited growth of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner, although leaf extract was more effective. Adhesion and migration were significantly inhibited by loquat extracts in a dose-dependent manner. Loquat extract also inhibited the invasion of breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner and leaf extract was more effective than seed extract. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were also inhibited by loquat extract. Our results indicate that methanol extracts of loquat inhibit the adhesion, migration and invasion of human breast cancer cells partially through the inhibition of MMP activity and leaf extract has more anti-metastatic effects in cell based assay than seed extract. Clinical application of loquat extract as a potent chemopreventive agent may be helpful in limiting breast cancer invasion and metastasis.
Breast Neoplasms ; Cell Line ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide ; Eriobotrya ; Humans ; Methanol ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Seeds

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In this study, the inhibitory effect of Erythronium japonicum extracts on the metastasis of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line was determined. MATERIALS/METHODS: Cells were cultured with DMSO or with 50, 75, 100 or 250 microg/ml of Erythronium japonicum methanol or ethanol extract. RESULTS: Both methanol and ethanol extracts significantly inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Erythronium japonicum extracts inhibited the adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells. The invasion of breast cancer cells was suppressed by Erythronium japonicum extracts in a dose-dependent manner. The motility and MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were also inhibited by both methanol and ethanol extracts. CONCLUSIONS: Our results collectively indicate that Erythronium japonicum extracts inhibit the growth, adhesion, migration and invasion as well as induce the apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. Clinical application of Erythronium japonicum as a potent chemopreventive agent may be helpful in limiting breast cancer invasion and metastasis.
Apoptosis ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Cell Line ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide ; Ethanol ; Humans ; Methanol ; Neoplasm Metastasis*