The aim of this study was to determine whether there are quantitative changes in the mechanoreceptors in the anterior cruciate ligament of unstable knee with injured medial articular cartilage or medial ligament. Twenty specimens of anterior cruciate ligament were obtained from medial articular cartilage injury group and medial ligament injury group, respectively. Forty anterior cruciate ligaments of the other side of knee were used as controls. The ligaments were transected and stained with a modified gold-chloride method. Mechanoreceptors were located almost exclusively in the periligamentous synovial tissue. The results were as follows; 1. Three kinds of mechanoreceptors were found at the surface of each ligament beneath the synovial membrane. 2. The type 2 mechanoreceptor was more common than any other types in all groups. 3. In the medial articular cartilage injury group, the number of mechanoreceptor was significantly decreased and morphologically degradated with synovial degeneration than the control group. The same findings were noted in the medial ligament injury group(P<0.003). 4. There was no statistical difference between the two experimental groups in numher of the mechanoreceptor. In conclusion, the mechanoreceptor of the anterior cruciate ligament of unstable knee with injured medial articular cartilage and ligament in the rabbit were decreased in its numher and were degradated morphologically than the control group. And it was suggested that reduced proprioception in unstable knee might he an another cause of development of osteoarthritis.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Cartilage, Articular* ; Knee ; Ligaments* ; Mechanoreceptors* ; Osteoarthritis ; Proprioception ; Synovial Membrane

Until recently, cranial base tumors or midfacial tumors were deemed unresectable due to an inability to accurately diagnose the extent of the involvement and to approach and excise the tumor safely. With refinements in CT and NMR scanning, as well as the development of craniofacial technique, reconstruction has become absolutely crucial in allowing successful resection of these tumors. Resection of these tumors may sometimes result in massive and complex extirpation defects that are not amendable to local tissue closure. In such cases, free tissue transfer was an effective alternative because it can provide a large amount of well-vascularized tissues arts reliable separation of the intracranial space from bacterial flora of the upper airway. Microvascular free tissue transfer was used in 15 patients at our center to reconstruct the cranial base and/or midfacial defects. Of these 12 were free rectus muscle flaps, 2 were free latissimus dorsi muscle flaps, 1 was a free scapular osteocutaneous flap and 1 was a free scapular fasciocutanegus flap. There were 2 cases of total flap loss. In those cases, revisions were performed using latissimus dorsi muscle free flap in one case and STSG in the other. One patient had a postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak which was spontaneously resolved by conservative management. The large complex defects were successfully reconstructed by one-stage operation and the functional and esthetic results wee satisfactory with acceptable complication rates.
Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Skull Base* ; Superficial Back Muscles

The radiologic and clinical findings of foreign bodies in the chest of children are well recognized. Foreign bodies in adults are infrequent, however, and the radiologic findings of these unusual circumstances have rarely been described. We classified various thoracic foreign bodies into three types according to their cause: Type I, Aspiration, Type II, Trauma or Accident; Type III, Iatrogenic. This pictorial essay will illustrate the radiologic findings and consequences of thoracic foreign bodies in adults, which have rarely been described in the radiologic literature. The clinical significance of thoracic foreign bodies will be also be discussed.
Accidents ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aspiration ; Esophagus/radiography ; Female ; Foreign Bodies/*etiology/*radiography ; Heart/radiography ; Human ; Iatrogenic Disease ; Male ; Middle Age ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; *Thorax ; Wounds and Injuries/complications ; Wounds, Gunshot/complications

No abstract available.
Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous* ; Maxillary Sinus* ; Nasal Cavity*

Nerve compression syndromes can be caused by compression of the peripheral nerve from interior or exterior of the nerve. In the upper extremities, brachial plexus, ulnar nerve and median nerve can be compressed in thoracic outlet syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome and carpal tunnel syndrome respectively. Because these syndromes are caused by compression, decompressive management can be expected to be the principle of treatment. From Jan. 1980 to Dec. 1988, 94 patients were admitted and treated for nerve compression syndromes of the upper extremities in Seoul National University Hospital. Among these, 52 patients suffered from carpal tunnel syndrome and operation was performed to 86 hands. Twelve patients suffered from thoracic outlet syndrome and 25 from cubital tunnel syndrome. Ten patients were treated with conservative method and 84 with decompressive surgery. Satisfactory results were obtained in 92.3% of carpal tunnel syndrome and 84% of cubital tunnel syndrome. Of 4 operated cases of thoracic outlet syndrome, 3 cases were satisfactory.
Brachial Plexus ; Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ; Cubital Tunnel Syndrome ; Hand ; Humans ; Median Nerve ; Methods ; Nerve Compression Syndromes ; Peripheral Nerves ; Seoul ; Thoracic Outlet Syndrome ; Ulnar Nerve ; Upper Extremity

To investigate in vivo reaction of newly developed glass ceramics, five milimeters of one proximal tibia of the rabbits were resected and the defect was replaced by ready-made glass ceramics cylinder of 5mm height. As a control, the other intact tibia was used in biomechanical study. Radiological examination was performed every 2 weeks postoperatively. Histological and electromicroscopic examinations were performed postoperatively at 2nd, 4th, 8th and 16th weeks. And fourpoint bending study was performed postoperatively at 8th and 16th week. Following findings were observed : On radiological examination, radiolucent line was seen around glass ceramic at 2-week X-ray. This line was obliterated gradually until 6-week X-ray. Remodelling of medullary cavity was noted from 6-week or 8-week X-ray, and was almost completed at 12-week X-ray. The glass ceramic was innocently incorporated into the host bone. On biomechanical examination, 8-week specimen was broken at 33% of break strength of control group and 16-week specimen was broken at 62%. On histological examination, in 2-weeks specimen, part of implanted glass ceramics was covered with new bone; in 4 weeks, implanted glass ceramics was surrounded by new bone and the surface was tightly bound to the new bone; in 8-week specimen, mature lamellated bone was showed and amount-of bone was increased. Based upon above findings, it was suggested that the glass ceramics was innocently incorporated into the host bone and revealed good biomechanical strength.
Ceramics ; Glass ; Rabbits ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Emphysema* ; Tuberculosis*

No abstract available.

GH concentration in plasma decline with age. GH and GH response to GHRH are influenced by sex hormones, thereby changing around the menopause. In several aspects, features of aging resemble those of a state of GH deficiency. It has been argued the declining GH function, along with other factors, might be a causal factor in osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate that postmenopausal osteoporosis in ovariectomized rat could be prevented by rhGH. Fifty-four Sprague-Dawley rats(weight 140-200g) were devided 3 groups. Group 1(n=18) was sham operation; Group 2(n=18) was ovariectomized and received subcutaneous injection with 0.05 cc normal saline; Group 3(n=18) was ovariectomized and received subcutaneous injection with 0.2 IU rhGH. Group 2 and 3 were injected daily, 6 day per week. Each group was devided three subgroups(n=6) and were sacrificed at 6 week, 10 week, 14 week, respectively. Group 2 showed a significant increase in body weight, femur length, serum IGF-1 level, serum PICP and ICTP level at 6 weeks, 10 weeks, 14 weeks and a significant decrease in ash weight of tibia, width of bony spicules, at 14 weeks than Group 1. Group 3 demonstrated a significant increase in body weight, femur length, serum IGF-1, serum PICP and ITCP levels and a insignificant decrease in ash weight of tibia and width of bony spicules, at 6 weeks, 10 weeks, 14 weeks than Group 1. At 14 weeks, Group 3 showed a significant increase in serum IGF-1, Serum PTH, Serum PICP. From these data, we conclude that although rhGH administration leads to an activation of bone turnover and more stimulation of bone formation, it does not prevent a bone loss in ovariectomized rat.
Aging ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Female ; Femur ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Humans* ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Menopause ; Osteogenesis ; Osteoporosis* ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; Ovariectomy ; Plasma ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tibia

In 1958, Jackson first reported on the use of proximal tibial osteotomy in the treatment of pain due to osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Subsequently, various osteotomy techniques have been reported. The varus deformity of the knee associated with osteoarthritis can be corrected by realigning the joint and thereby shifting the line of weight bearing to the compartment with preserved articular cartilage. This procedure has been found to relieve pain, improve function and arrest the progress of the condition. Twenty five cases of genu varum associated with osteoarthritis were treated by high tibial osteotomy at Dept. of O.S., Seoul National University Hospital, from July 1976 to June 1983. And the following results were obtained. 1. In a review of 25 high tibial osteotomies, excellent and good results were noted in 80% of the knees after average follow-up 2.9 years. 2. Postoperative valgus angles, ranging from 5° to 20°, were averaged to be 10.8°. 3. Though some authors indicate the obesity as one of risk factors, we obtained satisfactory results in 25 knees of obese patients.
Cartilage, Articular ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genu Varum ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Obesity ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteotomy ; Risk Factors ; Seoul ; Weight-Bearing