OBJECTIVE To study the clinical features of Enterocococus infection in urinary tract among inpatients.METHODS The data of a total of 106 cases who suffered Enterocococus infection in urinary tract were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS The infection rate was 30%.The risk factors included aggressive procedures in urinary tract,age,underlying diseases,etc.The most common species of Enterocococus were E.faecalis and E.faecium.They all were with high antibiotics resistance.CONCLUSIONS The Enterocococus are main pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infection after Escherichia coli with atypical feature.Pay more attention to drug sensitivity,early diagnosis and rational treatment are very useful to control urinary tract infection.

Vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells,structurally and functionally closely related,are two main cells of vascular wall.While the interaction between cycling factors and vascular wall cells can lead to the occurrence of atherosclerosis.The injury of endothelial cells results in secretory dysfunction and abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle cells which narrows the cavity of blood vessel and cause spasm.This is the common pathological basis of the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases.In the pathological state of atherosclerosis,the proliferation of smooth muscle cell will be affected by what the vascular endothelial cells secrete,like growth factors,cytokines,and vasoactive substances.This paper gives a comprehensive overview of the latest research advances in this field.

It is very difficult to measure the human eye properties directly, such as the accommodation mechanism, intraocular pressure distribution, the dynamics of aqueous humor flow and the bio-heat transfer in human eyes. Modeling and simulation may, therefore, play an increasingly important role in the ophthalmologic investigation. The major computer modeling methods, including geometric modeling, physical modeling and mathematical modeling, are introduced in this paper. Modeling and simulation anatomy properties and physiological properties of eye tissues, such as the cornea, aqueous humor and crystalline lens, vitreous, optic nerve head, sclera, are analyzed in the order from global to local, from front to back, from outside to inside. Finally, the problems of computer modeling in ophthalmologic investigation are discussed, and the development trends of the future are pointed out.
Aqueous Humor ; physiology ; Computer Simulation ; Cornea ; physiology ; Eye ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Lens, Crystalline ; physiology ; Ophthalmology ; trends ; Sclera ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes in the adhesive function of vascular endothelial cells (VEC) and rat monocytes induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and co-cultured with smooth muscle cells (SMC) and the intervention effect of paeonol (Pae).

METHODPrimary rat vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were cultured by predigesting and adhering tissue blocks. The VEC-VSMC co-culture model was established by Transwell chamber. LPS was used to induce VEC injury. MTT assay and LDH assay were used to determine the VEC activity. ELISA assay was used to detect IL-1beta and TNF-alpha secreted by the VEC. The immunocytochemistry assay was carried out to detect the expression of ICAM-1. The Rose Bengal Staining was used to test adhesive function between VECs and monocytes.

RESULTThe concentration of LPS-induced VEC injury was 100 microg x L(-1), and the time was 7 h. after the intervention on the above cell model for 24 h, Paeonol (15, 30, 60 micromol x L(-1)) could effectively inhibit LPS-induced VEC injury and VEC injury, significantly enhance the survival rate of LPS-injured VECs, decrease IL-1beta and TNF-alpha secreted by the injured VEC, and reduce the expression of ICAM-1, so as to inhibit the adhesion of LPS-induced VECs and monocytes.

CONCLUSIONPaeonol could inhibit IL-1beta and TNF-alpha expression to protect VECs from being injured by LPS, and reduce ICAM-1 expression to inhibit the adhesion between VECs and monocytes.

Acetophenones ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; Coculture Techniques ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; secretion ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Monocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; secretion

Exosomes are nanosized membrane particles secreted by cells that transmit information from cell to cell.Exosomes in-volve in the regulation of important physiological activities of cells and play an important role in the formation and develop-ment of atherosclerosis (AS ).As one of extracellular vesicles, exosomes is getting increasingly attention.This article aims to review the role of exosomes derived from the AS related cells (immune cells,platelets,vascular endothelial cells,vascular smooth muscle cells)in the pathogenesis of AS.

[Objective]To investigate the etioloty of the early nerve root lesion(RNRL) after collagenase chemonucleolyoio(CC) and its prevention and treatment.[Method]Twelve-hundred and eighty case of lumbar disc herniation undergoint cc were reviewed and analyzed.From January,2000 to December,2004 with follow-up time of 4~30 months,in which 12 cases(0.94%)had obvious ENRL after CC.Eighteen rabbits were randomly divided into three groups of six each:Group A,posterior longitudinal ligament intepated+intradisca injection;group B,parterior longitudinal ligamen+booteen+intradiscal injection,and group C,extradiscae injection.The disc and the nerve roots at the inject side were removed,fixed and examined by microscope,and the changes of the discs end nerve roots were analyzed in different inject side and different time after CC.[Result]As the collagenase dose was large in groups of intradiscal+intradiscal injections case of ENRL in this group were more than that in other groups.In the 12 ENRL cases,ten cases of ENRL appeared in about 7 days after CC,8 cases without nerve root compression and all cases were improved in different degree,but no one reeovered completely at follow-up with excellent and good rate of efficiency in the cases operated in 3 days than that in cases operated after 8 days.In the experiment rabbits,there lowed obvious lyeis of nucleus.Pulpus in group A and group B,with severe damage of nerve roots in group B,while in group C,there was no obvious lipis of nucleuss pulpus and damage of nerve roots[Conclusion](1)As the larger collagenas dose in the cases with intradiscal and extradiscal injections can raise.The incidence of ENRL,it is suggested that CC used in cases with broken posterior longitudenal ligament of and brous anmulus and,with nucleus pulpuses herniated into spinal canal,CC should be prudent to apply.(2)The prognoseo of the ENRL after CC is poor and is related to operation time.(3)The incidence of ENRL after CC can be lowered with absolute bed rest and changing body position after CC.

It has been shown that two pathways of signal transduction are activated under the stimulation of cytokines , such as IL-1?TNF-? ?EGF?TGF-? ?PDGF?IGF-1, secreted by fibroblast-like synoviocytes with rheumatoid arthritis. They are receptor tyrosine kinases-Ras-MAPK pathway and non- receptor tyrosine kinases-JAK-STAT pathway. The former activation plays an important role in chronic synovitis of rheumatoid arthritis. More researches are expected to focus on G-protein-AC-cAMP signal transduction pathway and the internal relations of all kinds of pathways.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the application value of water-soluble vitamin for injection in the treatment of pe-rioperative esophagus cancer and carcinoma of gastric cardia.METHODS:80patients with esophagus cancer or carcinoma of gastric cardia were randomly divided into control group and treatment group,the control group were treated with total par-enteral nutrition(TPN)therapy only while the treatment group were treated with one bottle of water-soluble vitamin for in-jection,q.d.for7days besides the TPN therapy.RESULTS:The volume ejections of Vit B 1 ,Vit B 2 and Vit Vit C in the treatment group showed significantly higher than those of the control group from the urine loading tests after receiving drugs for4hours(P

Aim To study the effect of paeonol on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell in atherosclerosis rabbits.Methods Atherosclerosis model on rabbits was established by high fat diet.The pathologic changes of aortic blood vessel were observed by lightmicroscope.The effect of paeonol on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell in vitro was analyzed by MTT method.The lipid,SOD and MDA contents in aorta tissue were assayed by employing the automatic biochemistry analyzer and enzymic method respectively.IL-1?,TNF-? were quantified by radio immunoassay.The expresstion of PCNA protein was assayed by immunohistochemical method.Results Treated with Paeonol(75,150 mg?kg~(-1)) by interagastric administration for 6 weeks,the thickness of vascular tunica intima was observed and the number of foam cells was decreased in atherosclerosis rabbits.Paeonol(100～300 mg?L~(-1)) could inhibit the proliferation of cultured vascular smooth muscle cell and diminish the level of TC,MDA,pro-inflammatory cytokines,as well as enhanc the concentration of SOD in aortic tissue of atherosclerosis rabbits.The expressing intensity of PCNA protein was weakened.Conclusion Paeonol could inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell in vivo and in vitro,which may be related to decrease of contents of lipid,the extent of lipid peroxidation and the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines.Paeonol might regulate the proliferation periods of vascular smooth muscle cell through inhibiting the expression of PCNA protein.

The therapeutic efficacy of large bone defects with traditional methods, such as autograft or allograft and biomaterial filling, is not favorable and hinders the widely clinical application. Bone tissue engineering has provided a promising way to solve this problem, and has become one of the hotspots nowadays. However, the key technology of vascularization has not been solved ideally yet. Obviously, the routine treatment has become a challenge in repairing large bone defect. In order to find a clinically applicable bone tissue engineering approach, we put forward and established a microcirculation system of osteogenesis inducted by perfusion in vivo. The "regulable osteoinduction microcirculation/microenvironment system in vivo (ROIMS)" has characteristics as follows: the culture conditions are controlled. For example, the release of a variety of growth factors can be controlled stably and quantitatively at bone defect site. Early nutrition and revascularization in the center of tissue-engineered bone can be effectively solved; some shortcomings resulted from construction of tissue-engineered bone in vivo, including secondary injury, high level technical requirements, and complex operation, can be avoided; vascularization and osteogenesis can be constructed simultaneously; simple safe and efficient operation. ROIMS perfectly combines in vitro construction and in vivo construction of tissue-engineered bone. Thereby, we can expect that this new type of technology of tissue engineered bone will be used in clinic in a near future and finally repair large segmental bone defects in clinic.