This study was performed to identify the effect of the hydrosalpinx fluid on sperm motility. It has been reported that the patients with hydrosalpinx show the outstandingly lower success rate than other patients having infertility by different factors. It is unclear that the cause of it is influenced by hydrosalpinx fluid directly or by secondary chronic inflammation of endometrium. We wanted to know if the hydrosalpinx fluid influences sperm motility parameters directly such that it is related to the development of infertility. Therefore, using computer assisted semen analyzer (CASA), we observed, from February to July, 1997, how sperm motility, sperm progressive motility, sperm curvilinear velocity, sperm lateral head displacement, sperm straightness and sperm linearity change after treating normal sperm with hydrosalpinx fluid to evaluate sperm function on infertility. The result was that the study group (n=32) has the tendency to differ from the control group (n=32) on sperm motility, progressive motility, curvilinear velocity, lateral head displacement, straightness and linearity. We concluded that the hydrosalpinx fluid, with varying degree, directly has the harmful effects on sperm motility parameters, that is, curvilinear velocity, lateral head displacement and linearity of sperm which are related to the hyperactivation, hence decreased capacitation.
Endometrium ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Infertility ; Inflammation ; Semen ; Sperm Motility* ; Spermatozoa*

PURPOSE: We present our results in the reconstruction of medial orbital wall fractures using a transcaruncular approach. METHODS: Forty-five patients with isolated medial orbital wall fractures underwent reconstruction by transcaruncular approach in our clinic between May 2003 and October 2007, and were followed up for 6 months or more. RESULTS: Thirty-three males and 12 females were included in this study, with a mean age of 34.9 years. The most common indication for reconstruction were large sized fractures more than 50%. Operations were performed at a mean 11.9 days after trauma. Among 18 patients who had diplopia before the operation, 16 (89%) patients had symptom relief or improvement, and in the 2 patients where diplopia persisted, it did not in primary and down gaze and offered no difficulties in daily activities. Among 34 patients who had enophthalmos before the operation, most (n=30) of the patients had minimal enophthalmos not more than 2 mm, 4 patients had enophthalmos that exceeded 2 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Transcaruncular approach in reconstruction of isolated medial orbital wall fracture shows more satisfying functional and cosmetic results and can be preferred to isolated medial orbital wall fracture.
Cosmetics ; Diplopia ; Enophthalmos ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Orbit

Background and Objectives: Previous studies reported abnormalities in MRI as a poor prognostic indicator of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Since abnormalities in three-dimensional (3D) fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) are strongly correlated with the initial hearing function, the prognostic value of the 3D FLAIR images should be carefully evaluated to avoid collinearity. We aimed to evaluate abnormalities on the 3D FLAIR images as an independent prognostic factor in the matched SSNHL groups.Subjects and Method We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 179 patients with SSNHL who underwent temporal MRI, including the 3D FLAIR sequence, between January 2015 and December 2019. Patients were divided based on the presence of cochlear abnormalities on the 3D FLAIR images. Hearing prognosis was evaluated with and without matching for initial hearing and treatment interval. Results: The groups were similar in sex (p=0.091), age (p=0.925), treatment interval (p= 0.216), and MRI interval (p=0.828). Notably, patients with cochlear abnormalities on the 3D FLAIR images showed distinctly more severe hearing loss (p<0.001) at the initial pure tone average (PTA) assessment and poorer outcomes (p<0.001) compared to those without abnormality. After matching for initial hearing and treatment interval, the hearing outcome, measured by PTA, was similar between the groups (p=0.681). Conclusion Cochlear signal abnormality in 3D FLAIR MRI was associated with poor initial hearing. However, it did not affect hearing recovery outcomes when the groups were matched.

The authors analysed statically 420 Cases of the ocular trauma among 35,460 patients who visited to the emergency department, from Jul. 1995 to Jun. 1996. Ocular trauma is one of the commonest causes of eye diseases and blindness, but its patterns and incidences are variable according to the environment. A large number of patients can be readily treated in the emergency department. Prevention is, of course, the best management, but when an ocular injury occurs, proper emergency treatment can often prevent permanent damage.
Blindness ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Emergency Treatment ; Eye Diseases ; Humans ; Incidence

Cellular neurothekeoma (CNT) is an uncommon variant of neurothekeoma that is composed of pithelioid to spindled cells with variable nuclear atypia or pleomorphism but no myxoid stroma. CNT occurs predominantly in the head and neck or upper trunk of children and young adults, with female predominance. The following case is different from typical CNTs. An 88-year-old female presented with a palpable mass on the scalp, which we excised. Histologically, the tumor was non-encapsulated and composed of spindled and epithelioid cells arranged in fascicles and nodules separated by a collagen-rich stroma. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the epithelioid and spindle-shaped cells were focally positive for vimentin, neuron-specific enolase, smooth muscle actin, CD68, and CD10 but negative for S-100 protein, HMB-45, epithelial membrane antigen, and CD34. We report a new case of CNT that arose in the scalp of an older patient and that was associated with uncommon clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical profiles.
Actins ; Aged* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Epithelioid Cells ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Mucin-1 ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neck ; Neurothekeoma* ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; S100 Proteins ; Scalp* ; Vimentin ; Young Adult

Cellular neurothekeoma (CNT) is an uncommon variant of neurothekeoma that is composed of pithelioid to spindled cells with variable nuclear atypia or pleomorphism but no myxoid stroma. CNT occurs predominantly in the head and neck or upper trunk of children and young adults, with female predominance. The following case is different from typical CNTs. An 88-year-old female presented with a palpable mass on the scalp, which we excised. Histologically, the tumor was non-encapsulated and composed of spindled and epithelioid cells arranged in fascicles and nodules separated by a collagen-rich stroma. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the epithelioid and spindle-shaped cells were focally positive for vimentin, neuron-specific enolase, smooth muscle actin, CD68, and CD10 but negative for S-100 protein, HMB-45, epithelial membrane antigen, and CD34. We report a new case of CNT that arose in the scalp of an older patient and that was associated with uncommon clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical profiles.
Actins ; Aged* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Epithelioid Cells ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Mucin-1 ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neck ; Neurothekeoma* ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; S100 Proteins ; Scalp* ; Vimentin ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the fetal doppler flow velocimetry and birth weight in low risk pregnancy population. METHODS: From December 1995 to May 1996, We prospectively performed doppler study in 254 uncomplicated, term pregnant women, who visited Pohang Hospital, Dongguk University. Using pulsed color doppler, we measured umbilical artery RI, middle cerebral artery RI and middle cerebral-umbilical artery RI ratio within one week before delivery. RESULTS: The result was that low birth weight group (below 2500gm) had very significant lationship with umbilical artery RI(P<0.01), middle cerebral artery RI(P<0.05) and middle cerebral-umbilical artery RI ratio(P<0.05), but there was no significant relationship in these blood flow indices between normal birth weight group (2501gm- 3999gm) and macrosomia group (above 4000gm). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that application of doppler ultrasonopaphy in the assessment of fetal weight is somewhat helpful for identification of low birth weight, not for macrosomia.
Arteries ; Birth Weight ; Female ; Fetal Weight* ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Prospective Studies ; Rheology ; Ultrasonography* ; Umbilical Arteries

A nematode species belonging to the genus Cosmocephalus was collected from the stomach of 2 common gulls, Larus canus. The common gulls were found dead on the seaside of Gangneung City, the Republic of Korea. The worms were identified and classified by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the basis of important taxonomic characters. The nematodes were characterized by a body length 9.1-9.3 mm (males) and 15.5-15.9 mm (females) and cordons recurrent in anterior direction and anastomosing laterally at about the level of anterior quarter of the buccal cavity. The salient bicuspid deirids were located on the posterior to the cordons. Lateral alae were well-developed, extending from the level just posterior of deirids to the level about middle of the body. LM and SEM observations identified the worms as C. obvelatus. This is the first reported case of C. obvelatus infection in common gulls in Korea.
Animals ; Charadriiformes/*parasitology ; Female ; Male ; Microscopy ; Republic of Korea ; Spirurida/anatomy & histology/*isolation & purification ; Spirurida Infections/parasitology/*veterinary

A nematode species belonging to the genus Cosmocephalus was collected from the stomach of 2 common gulls, Larus canus. The common gulls were found dead on the seaside of Gangneung City, the Republic of Korea. The worms were identified and classified by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the basis of important taxonomic characters. The nematodes were characterized by a body length 9.1-9.3 mm (males) and 15.5-15.9 mm (females) and cordons recurrent in anterior direction and anastomosing laterally at about the level of anterior quarter of the buccal cavity. The salient bicuspid deirids were located on the posterior to the cordons. Lateral alae were well-developed, extending from the level just posterior of deirids to the level about middle of the body. LM and SEM observations identified the worms as C. obvelatus. This is the first reported case of C. obvelatus infection in common gulls in Korea.
Animals ; Charadriiformes/*parasitology ; Female ; Male ; Microscopy ; Republic of Korea ; Spirurida/anatomy & histology/*isolation & purification ; Spirurida Infections/parasitology/*veterinary

PURPOSE: To assess the mode of a polyethylene liner failure in total hip replacement using a Harris-Galante II acetabular component. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was performed and 128 consecutive primary total hip arthroplasties were analyzed in 111 patients who had a second-generation Harris-Galante cup. All patients were followed up for a minimum of five years, with a mean follow up of 7.4 years (range, 5 to 12.9 years). A total of 26 cups (20.2%) were revised at the time of the latest follow up. The medical records, radiographs, surgical notes, and retrieved components were analyzed in order to determine the precise causes of the revision. RESULTS: Twenty-two cases (17.3%) were found to have experienced problems with the polyethylene liner. Three types of liner failure were identified; metallosis associated with polyethylene liner wear (14 cases), excessive wear without metallosis necessitating a revision (6 cases), and polyethylene liner dissociation without gross evidence of wear (2 cases). CONCLUSION: This study find that polyethylene liner failure is the main cause of the revision of this component. Early surgical intervention needs to be performed before fatal metal damage occurs in order to avoid metallosis, and severe bone stock damage in cases of excessive polyethylene wear.
Acetabulum* ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Polyethylene* ; Retrospective Studies