No abstract available.
Animals ; Female ; In Situ Hybridization ; Mice* ; Ovary*

PURPOSE: The survival after a pancreaticoduodenectomy, for a periampullary adenocarcinoma is limited. However, the improvement in perioperative management, and the development of interventional medicine have made the survival from that cancer favorable. Due to the anatomical proximity of periampullary tumors, surgeons perform same procedure. It is accepted that the outcome of periampullary cancers vary after resection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors, and the differences in survival, from periampullary cancers according to the origin of the tumor. METHODS: From March 1992 to December 2000, 87 patients, with periampullary tumors, who underwent a pancreatico duodenectomy, were analyzed for the location of the tumor and the tumor status. Of the 87 patients, the 85 surviving more than 30 days were included in the statistic analysis. The survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier Method. The risk factors were also analyzed between the locations. RESULT: Of the 87 resected adenocarcinomas, 25 were pancreatic cancers, 30 distal CBD (common bile duct) cancers, 26 mpulla of Vater cancers and 6 duodenal cancers. The patients had a mean age of 60 (40~78) years. The total bilirubin, ALT, and CA 19-9 levels were statistically different for each cancer. There were no statistical differences between the cancer groups in operative methods, the amount of transfusion, postoperative hospital stay, and complications. The overall morbidity and mortality were 37 and 2%, respectively. The 5-year survival rates for the pancreatic, distal CBD, and Ampulla of Vater cancers were 9.6, 45.5, and 72.1%, respectively, was and were statistically significant (P<0.001). A univariate analysis of the 85 patients indicated that the predictors of long term survival included: a pathologic diagnosis of Ampulla of Vater cancer, absence of lymph node metastasis, tumor diameter<3 cm and complication. CONCLUSION: The factors influencing the survival were nodal metastasis, size of the tumor, age, and complications. The differences in the tumor biology will affect the survival, and although a pancreaticoduodenectomy remains the procedure of choice for periampullary tumors, adjuvant, or neoadjuvant, therapy for a pancreatic head tumor is especially needed.
Adenocarcinoma ; Ampulla of Vater ; Bile ; Bilirubin ; Biology ; Diagnosis ; Head ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Lymph Nodes ; Mortality ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy* ; Prognosis* ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate

Appendicular schwannoma is a rare tumor originating from Schwann's cells in the Auerbach plexus. The preoperative diagnosis is difficult because the clinical features are nonspecific, and it is mostly found accidentally via a radiologic image as a tumor, mimicking malignancy. We report a case of an appendicular schwannoma coexisting with an adenocarcinoma in the lung. A laparoscopic appendectomy was done with a clear resection margin, and the immunohistochemical staining showed positive S-100 protein, which confirmed the schwannoma. The patient also underwent a left upper lobectomy of the lung. The patient has been free of recurrence for the 6 months since the operation. The laparoscopic approach could be available for treatment of an appendicular schwannoma, thus avoiding an unnecessary laparotomy.
Adenocarcinoma ; Appendectomy ; Appendix ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Lung ; Myenteric Plexus ; Neurilemmoma ; Recurrence ; S100 Proteins

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate how educational status influences cardiovascular risk factors and care of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. METHODS: From Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey IV, we obtained survey results of 6,835 men and 9,067 women more than 30 years old. We performed multivariate logistic regression to compare cardiovascular risk factors and care of hypertension and diabetes respective to educational status. RESULTS: There were disparities in cardiovascular risk factors by educational status. In men, impaired fasting glucose, high triglyceride, and smoking were less frequently found in the highest educated group than in the middle educated group. In women, the prevalence of abdominal obesity, impaired fasting glucose, high blood pressure, high triglyceride, and metabolic syndrome among the highest educated group were significantly lower. The proportion of those with proper physical activity in the highest educated group was found to be less than that of the middle educated group, regardless of gender. For care of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, disease recognition and treatment were lower among the lowest educated group in men, while these disparities were not shown in women. Instead, the lowest educated group in diabetic women received screening exams for eye and kidney complications less than the middle education group. In both genders, the high education group had a higher chance of receiving education about diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSION: There were educational disparities in cardiovascular risk factors and care of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The disparities were found to be different by gender.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Educational Status ; Eye ; Fasting ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Kidney ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Motor Activity ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Prevalence ; Quality of Health Care ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether endometrial proteins with molecular weight(MW) of 92 kilodalton(kDa) may be a specific antigen involved in autoimmunity in endometriosis and to evaluate the efficacy of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in determining antiendometrial antibodies, compared with Western blot. METHODS: Sera of forty-eight patients with endometriosis, 21 patients with normal control patients, 7 patients with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kustner-Hauser(MRKH) syndrome and cord sera of 22 male neonates(experimental controls) were tested for the presence of antibodies against endometrial proteins by Western blot and ELISA. All statistics were performed by Fishers exact teast and Student's t-test. RESULTS: Fourteen(29.1%), 18.8%, and 33.3% of sera from patients with endometriosis had immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies that were reactive against endometrial proteins of MW of 71, 92, 103 kDa while any sera from experimental controls did not show any reactivity against these antigens. Overall, threr were specific IgG antiendometrial antibodies detectable by Western blot in 56.3% of patients with endometriosis and in a normal eontrol patient. The binding activities of serum IgG to endometrial proteins were higher in patients with endometriosis than other groups. Circulating IgG antiendometrial antibodies were detected by ELISA in 54.3% of 35 patients with endometriosis and in 2 normal control patients. The concordance rate between ELISA and Western blot in determining the presence of antiendometrial antibodies was 78.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Ninety-two kDa endometrial protein is a specific antigen eliciting IgG responses in endometriosis. ELISA may be an useful method in screening autoimmune endometriosis.
Antibodies* ; Autoimmunity ; Blotting, Western* ; Endometriosis* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulins ; Male ; Mass Screening

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus were known as risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma( HCC). Through past epidemiological and molecular biologic studies, the pathogenesis of HCC related with hepatitis viruses has been investigated. However the clinical features of the patients with HCC according to viral infections have not been established well. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical features and surgical outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma related with hepatitis B and/or C. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 411 patients who underwent the hepatic resections for hepatocellular carcinoma at Seoul National University Hospital between 1990 and 1997. We checked preoperative clinical features, preoperative laboratory tests, operative findings, postoperative pathologic reports, recurrences and survivals. According to the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen(HbsAg) and antibody of heptitis C virus(anti-HCV Ab), we divided into 4 groups: Non B C group(HbsAg(-) and anti-HCV Ab (-) n=61), B group (HBsAg (+) and anti-HCV Ab (-) n=275), C group(HBsAg (-) and anti-HCV Ab (+) n=62), B C group(HBsAg (+) and anti-HCV Ab (+) n=13). RESULTS: C group were older than B group (62.6+/-6.0 years vs. 50.5+/-9.3 years, p=0.005) and had poorer hepatic functions than B group; serum albumin level(3.52+/-0.32 g/dl vs. 3.69+/-0.40 g/dl, p=0.006), aspatate aminotransferase (108.50+/-114.36 IU/L vs. 59.63+/-60.80 IU/L, p=0.015), alanine aminotransferase (99.477+/- 7.82 IU/L vs. 65.59+/-86.39 IU/L, p=0.032), prothrombin time (83.2+/-16.4% vs. 91.3+/-14.4%, p=0.006), ICG R15 ( 18.83+/-9.02% vs. 9.19+/-7.98%, p=0.001). Pathologic results showed that C group has smaller sizes(3.5+/-2.6 cm vs. 4.6+/-3.0 cm, p<0.05), less encapsulated (68.2% vs. 80.9%, p=0.001), more multiple lesions(27.4% vs. 9.1%, p=0.001) than B group. The survival rate of B,C group was significantly lower than that of B group(5- year cumulative survival rate: 32.0% vs. 58.0%, p=0.029). Otherwise, there were no differences in recurrence rates, disease free survival rates and overall survival rates among four groups. CONCLUSION: The patients with anti-HCV Ab positive had poorer hepatic functions and older age than other patients. And the patients who had combined infections with hepatitis B and C had poorer outcome. More careful pre- and post- operative follow-up is needed in these patients.
Alanine Transaminase ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Disease-Free Survival ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis C ; Hepatitis Viruses ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Prothrombin Time ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Seoul ; Serum Albumin ; Survival Rate

Andersen's syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by periodic paralysis, dysmorphic features and cardiac arrhythmias. This syndrome is known to be a type of potassium channelopathies with a mutation in the KCNJ2 (Kir2.1) gene. Here, we present two families with genetically confirmed Andersen's syndrome through clinical and electrophysiological findings. They showed all features of the triad, and one of them had a novel mutation c.307G>A (Met307Ile).
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Channelopathies ; Exercise Test ; Humans ; Paralysis* ; Potassium

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis(SSPE) is a fatal chronic persistent encephalitis due to a sequela of measles virus infection. It is almost developed in childhood or school aged children. It's onset after the age of 20 is very rare. In addition, SSPE with prominent parkinsonian features is not common. We experienced a 26-year-old man with bradykinesia, slurred speech and gait disturbance for 1 month. He showed masked face, vertical and right horizontal conjugate gaze limitation, generalized hyperreflexia, rigidity, and myoclonic jerks. His gait was small-stepped festinatinog and propulsive with intermittent freeziong and ignition failure. He had a history of measles at his age of 13. Brain magnetic resonance images and all biochemistries including coper and ceruloplasmin level of serum were normla. Characteristic periodic synchronous discharges were noted on electroencephalogram. The antibody titer to measles virus was highly increased in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Symptoms rapikly progressed to vegetative state and expired in 9.5 months after the initial symprom. Autopsy was performed. All parts of brain were moderately atrophied. In microscopic examination, diffuse glial and inflammatory changed with neuronal loss throughout the entire brain were noted. So we suggest that the possibility of SSPE may be considered as a cause of young adult onset parkinsonism.
Adult ; Autopsy ; Brain ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Ceruloplasmin ; Child ; Electroencephalography ; Encephalitis ; Gait ; Humans ; Hypokinesia ; Masks ; Measles ; Measles virus ; Myoclonus ; Neurons ; Parkinsonian Disorders* ; Persistent Vegetative State ; Reflex, Abnormal ; Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis* ; Young Adult*

PURPOSE: I adopted two genomics technology, high-density microarray and DNA pooling for identification of knee osteoarthritis susceptibility loci in human genome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: DNA was purified from periphral blood from 26 cases of female osteoarthritis patients and 26 normal female controls. DNAs are pooled and used in microarray analysis. Results from qualitative analysis of microarray showed that 708 SNPs differ between case and control. RESULTS: Of 708 SNPs, 167 SNPs were clustered. These SNPs constitute 23 'Clustered SNPs' and 64 genes were marked. 20 Clustered SNPs were marked at the same gene. So total 67 loci were identified. Among them ST6GALIII and CHST9 were genes coding structural proteins of cartilage. FATJ and CDH12 were genes coding cadherins related with cell-cell interaction. GRM7 codes metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 which is related with pain perception in arthritis. PLA2G4A codes phospholipase 2 which is related with production of inflammatory molecules. CONCLUSION: These gene loci are candidates for further genomic and functional analysis to clarify the genetic predisposition in knee osteoarthritis.
Arthritis ; Cadherins ; Cartilage ; Clinical Coding ; DNA* ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome, Human ; Genomics ; Humans ; Knee* ; Microarray Analysis ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteoarthritis, Knee* ; Pain Perception ; Phospholipases ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to compare the clinician's attitude to the large loop excision of transformation zone (LLETZ) according to the subspecialty; gynecologic oncology or not. METHODS: Eighty-one patients who had LLETZ at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from June 2003 to September 2004 were reviewed. The pathologic reports for LLETZ were compared with the results of punch biopsy according to the operator's subspecialty. RESULTS: Gynecologic oncologist had 38 patients (GO group) and non-gynecologic oncologist had 43 patients (NGO group). The age distribution was not different between two groups (40.3 +/- 8.3 in GO group, 42.4 +/- 9.4 in NGO group; p=0.301). The histopathology of punch biopsy and LLETZ correlated well each other in both groups (p=0.01 in both groups). In NGO group, 11 patients (25.6%) had chronic cervicitis or mild dysplasia on punch biopsy while only a patient (2.6%) had mild dysplasia on punch biopsy in GO group. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the non-gynecologic oncologist used LLETZ more frequently in the management of low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia than gynecologic oncologist.
Age Distribution ; Biopsy ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; Humans ; Seoul ; Uterine Cervicitis