Knull phenotype completely lacks all Kell system antigens. Anti-Ku antibody is seen in immunized persons with Knull phenotype by transfusion or pregnancy. It can cause a fatal hemolytic transfusion reaction. A 66-yr-old male patient with liver cirrhosis visited emergency center due to acute bleeding. The patient was at hypovolemic shock status: his blood pressure was 80/50 mmHg, pulse rate was 110/min and hemoglobin level was 4.4 g/dL. Because of the presence of antibody against high incidence antigen, we could not find any compatible blood for the patient. Nevertheless, 4 units of packed RBCs had to be transfused. Moderate hemolytic transfusion reaction was developed after transfusion. At endoscopic examination, blood was spurting from gastric cardiac varix. Endoscopic histoacryl injection was tried, and bleeding was successfully controlled. After bleeding stopped, he was managed for anemia using steroid and other medical therapy instead of transfusion. His hemoglobin level was improved to 7.7 g/dL at the time of discharge. Later he has been proved to have a Knull phenotype, which is very rare, and anti-Ku antibody. This report is the first case of anti-Ku in a Knull phenotype person in Korea, who experienced a moderate hemolytic transfusion reaction.
Aged ; Antigens, Nuclear/*immunology ; Blood Group Incompatibility ; Blood Transfusion/*adverse effects ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*immunology ; Humans ; Isoantibodies/blood ; Kell Blood-Group System/*genetics ; Korea ; Male ; Phenotype

No abstract available.
Lung* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Sarcoma* ; Thorax*

We report here on a case of simultaneously detecting anti-D as an autoimmune antibody and anti-E as an alloimmune antibody without any evidence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. A 66-year-old female with tuberculous spondylitis was admitted for removing a previously-placed surgical screw in her spine. She had received antituberculosis drugs and six units of AB, RhD positive packed red blood cells during the previous 6 months. The laboratory findings were as followings: the direct antiglobulin test was positive for IgG, the Rh phenotype of the erythrocytes was typed as group CcDe and RhD antigen was confirmed by the molecular method and the serological method to rule out partial-D.
Aged ; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune ; Coombs Test ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Isoantibodies ; Phenotype ; Spine ; Spondylitis

We report an annular type of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus(SCLE) which is rare in Korea, A 23-year-old female had erythematous annular rashes with a mild itching sensation on the face, trunk and both extremities. She also had painless oral mucosal ulceration, diffuse hair loss and mild arthralgia. Serologic abnormalities of the patient were positive anti-Ro Ab, ANA and Anti-ds-DNA Ab. The histopathologic findings showed vacuolar degenerations in the basal cell layer, mononuclear cell infiltrate in the upper dermis, and dermal edema. Direct IF revealed granular deposition of IgG and IgA at the dermo-epidennal junction.
Arthralgia ; Dermis ; Edema ; Exanthema ; Extremities ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Korea ; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous* ; Pruritus ; Sensation ; Ulcer ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to predict subgroups of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on the Diagnostic Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders-IV Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) by machine learning (ML). The secondary objective was to set up a ranking of Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) diagnostic algorithm items based on ML, and to confirm whether ML can sufficiently predict the diagnosis with these minimum items. Methods: In the first experiment, a multiclass decision forest algorithm was applied, and the diagnostic algorithm score value of 1,269 Korean ADI-R test data was used for prediction. In the second experiment, we used 539 Korean ADI-R case data (over 48 months with verbal language) to apply mutual information to rank items used in the ADI diagnostic algorithm. Results: In the first experiment, the results of predicting in the case of pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified as “ASD” were almost three times higher than predicting it as “No diagnosis.” In the second experiment, the top 10 ranking items of ADI-R were mainly related to the quality abnormality of communication. Conclusion In conclusion, we verified the applicability of ML in diagnosis and found that the application of artificial intelligence for rapid diagnosis or screening of ASD patients may be useful.

The aim of this study was to examine intake patterns and preferences for Kimchi in middle school students. The subjects included 361 male and 325 female students in Masan City. For the frequency of Kimchi intake, the largest group consisted of students who ate Kimchi at every meal, with 51.6%, and the majority of them had seven or more pieces of Kimchi per meal. In addition, 50.4% viewed Kimchi as an indispensable dish; and of those who consumed Kimchi at every meal, two kinds of Kimchi would be served. Ggodeulppaegi- Kimchi and Yangbachu-Kimchi were the least preferred types, while Baechu-Kimchi was most preferred, followed by Kakduki and Dongchimi. Furthermore, ripe Kimchi was considered more preferred by 44.9% of the students, and the males had greater preferences for fresh Kimchi (36.0%) as compared to the females (26.8%). Regarding their favorite portion of the Kimchi, students who ate Kimchi at every meal were fond of every part; while 36.6% of the males preferred the top portion and 42.5% of the females preferred the whole portion of Kimchi. The degree of ripeness (39.9%) was selected as the most crucial factor in determining taste, and 49.1% of the subjects preferred a spicy taste. The students who ate Kimchi at every meal liked properly seasoned Kimchi (56.6%), of which 79.4% preferred spicy Kimchi; although they did not like excessively hot Kimchi products. Finally, 37.5% of the subjects identified salted shrimp as their favorite fish sauce.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meals ; Nitroimidazoles ; Seasons ; Sulfonamides

PURPOSE: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of primary hepatic carcinoma and is considered to be a highly malignant tumor with poor prognosis. We evaluated the efficacy and toxicities of AP (doxorubicin, cisplatin) comnination chemotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between October 1989 and February 1991, 21 previously untreated patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma were entered and treated with AP combination chemotherapy (adriamycin 60 mg/m2, D1 and cisplatin 60 mg/m2, D1, repeated every 3 weeks). RESULTS: Among 14 evaluable patients, there was no complete response and 5 patients (36%; 95% C.I=10~62%) achieved partial response. The median survival time of all 21 patients was 17 weeks, and 63 weeks in responders (n=5) and 14 weeks in nonresponders (n=16), and the difference in two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). The median time to progression of 14 evaluable patients was 13 weeks, and 49 weeks in the responders (n=5) and 6 weeks in the nonresponders (n=9), and the difference in two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). Myelosuppression was minimal and non-hematologic toxicities were gererally mild and well tolerated. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the combination chemotherpy of AP seems to be an effective regimen for hepatocellular carcinoma. Further trials are recommended for its true efficacy.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Cisplatin ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy* ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Humans ; Prognosis

BACKGROUND: The ABO isoagglutinin titer is useful for the evaluation and observation of ABO incompatible bone marrow transplantation or organ transplantation, yet the results can be different depending on the test methods. Measurement of isoagglutinin titer using the gel test has recently been reported, but this test is expensive. In this study, we investigated isoagglutinin titer distribution of normal individuals using the different tube hemagglutination technique to help select the best test method and to interpret the agglutinin titer. METHODS: Normal healthy individuals were selected from those patients who underwent a physical examination at Ajou University Hospital, during July 2009. Sixty healthy individuals, (10 men and 10 women per each ABO blood group) were recruited for the study. The immediate spin method (IS), the anti-human globulin method with dithiothreitol treatment (DTT-AHG) and the anti-human globulin method without DTT treatment (AHG) were performed simultaneously. The reciprocal of the highest serum dilution that showed macroscopic agglutination 1+ or more was regarded as the isoagglutinin titer. RESULTS: The isoagglutinin titer measured by the AHG was the highest in the all blood groups. In case of blood groups A and B, the isoagglutinin titer by the IS was higher than that by the DTT-AHG, but this was quite the reverse in the case of the blood group O. CONCLUSION: If it is not necessary to distinguish IgM antibody and IgG antibody, then it seems that the AHG is the best practical method of those three methods. It was more sensitive than the IS and more rapid and easier than the DTT-AHG.
Agglutination ; Blood Group Antigens ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Dithiothreitol ; Female ; Hemagglutination ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Male ; Organ Transplantation ; Physical Examination ; Transplants

A 40-year-old woman presented with an asymptomatic red to brown colored walnut-sized, dome shaped, hemorrhagic, crusted nodule on the left forearm. There was no previous history of trauma to the area. The first impression of this case was a vascular tumor or malignant lesion due to the large size and bleeding tendency. However, the final diagnosis, according to histologic and immunostaining methods, was a benign eccrine poroma that occurred on the left forearm, which is an unusual area for such a lesion. The tumor was excised and no recurrence was noted when she was examined 24 months later.
Adult ; Female ; Forearm ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Poroma ; Recurrence