Objective To know the efficacy of oral nursing by visible electric toothbrushes among patients with peroral endotracheal intuabtion. Methods Divided 108 trauma patients with peroral endo-tracheal intubation and clear consciousness into the research group and the control group randomly, there were 54 cases in each group. Routine oral nursing cares were used in the control group, while the visible electric toothbrushes was used in the research group. Compared the efficacy of oral nursing between the two groups. Results The incidence rate of mouth odor, plaque index and oral infection in the research group were better than those of in the control group. Conclusions Using visible electric toothbrushes for trau-ma patients with oral endotracheal tube is a kind of effective and feasibility method, which should be devel-oped in the clinical field.

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Suicide*

To develop optimal shift systems for an improvement of work schedule satisfaction, health and work productivity, the effects of the direction of the rotational work shifting on the circadian rhythm and adaptation of physiological components and work mistakes were investigated in nursing students. Two groups of seven volunteers participated as experimental subjects, apd seven to twenty nursing students participated as a control group. The directions of rotation work shift were as follows CW(clockwise)-shift system rotation in the direction of day shift(3 days), evening shift(3 days), off duty(l day) and night shift(5 days), and CCW (counterclockwise) -shift system rotation in the reverse direction. Urinary Na, K, and Cl levels were measured with ion-selective electrodes. The levels of performance were measured by a questionnaire to determine the number of mistakes in 12 specific items during duty. The disturbance of Na the circadian rhythm was seen on day and night shifts, especially in the CCW-rotation shift system, and the magnitude of the daily variation was greatest in the CCW-rotation system. The daily rhythms of K and Cl shifted to the right on the evening shift, and the rhythms were reversed on the night shift, which suggests that they adapted to the altered shift work. However, the levels of Cl were higher in day and night shift workers, especially in CCW-shift system. In the ease of urine salts, it seems that the students in CW-shift system more easily adapted to the altered shift. The incidence of mistakes during work were more frequent on the CCW shift than in the CW shift. These data indicate that the direction of rotation effects the worker's health and work performance. These results indicate that the CCW rotation of shift work makes it more difficult for the workers to adapt to the shift on a physiological level, and has many more negative effects on the shift workers' health when compared with the CW rotation. Thus, a clockwise rotating shift system seems to be more desirable for the optimal health and performance of nurses.
Appointments and Schedules ; Circadian Rhythm* ; Efficiency ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ion-Selective Electrodes ; Salts ; Students, Nursing ; Volunteers ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Videotape Recording ; Workplace ; Young Adult

This paper introduced the measurement methods of heat and moisture exchanger during tracheotomy with two main parameters (water loss and pressure drop) and proposed more heat and moisture exchanger evaluation indicators such as the death chamber, the heat exchange rate, as well as those parameters can be used to evaluate the reasonableness of the heat and moisture exchanger performance.
Humans ; Humidity ; Tracheotomy ; instrumentation ; methods

Objective To observe the clinical effect of low-dose dexmedetomidine plus tramadol hydrochloride for patient-controlled interscalene analgesia (PCIA) after laparoscopic hysterectomy.Methods Seventy ASA Ⅰ ～ Ⅱ female patients with elective laparoscopic hysterectomy were randomly divided into two groups:the tramadol hydrochloride PCIA group(group A),and the dexmedetomidine plus tramadol hydrochloride PCIA group(group B),35 cases in each group.Visual analog scale (VAS),Ramsay scores,Sleepiness scale and the tramadol consumption were recorded.And the adverse events such as nausea and vomiting,dizziness and respiratory depression were observed.Results All patients got good analgesia in both two groups,VAS scores ＜ 4.In group B,VAS scores of postoperative 24h and 48h were (3.2 ±0.3) (2.7 ±0.3),which were significantly lower than (3.8 ±0.4) and (3.2 ± 0.2) in group A (t24 =7.099,t48 =8.204,all P ＜ 0.05).Sleepiness scale (3.1 ± 0.7) in group B was lower than group A (4.2 ± 0.8) (t =6.122,P ＜ 0.05),while there was no difference of Ramsay scores between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).And in group B,the tramadol consumption [(625.2 ± 113.7) mg] and the intramuscular pethidine times (2.1 ±1.9) were fewer than group A[(782.9 ± 102.6)mg,(5.2 ±2.2) times] (t =6.092,6.309,all P ＜0.05).Conclusion Low-dose dexmedetomidine may improve the effect of tramadol hydrochloride PCIA after laparoscopic hysterectomy,and help to reduce the tramadol consumption and adverse effects.

Objective To compare and analyze the clinical curative effect of pituitrin and oxytocin applying in laparoscopic uterine myomectomy intraoperation .Methods According to surgical hemostasis method ,68 patients with uterine fibroids were divided into pituitrin group (group A) and oxytocin group(group B).The surgery time,intr-aoperative blood loss ,the change of postoperative hemoglobin levels and the change of blood pressure before and after treatment were observed.Results In A group,the operative time was (69.8 ±18.0)min,blood loss was (68.3 ± 19.1)mL,postoperative discharge time was (15.2 ±7.8)h,preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin difference val-ue was (10.4 ±2.6) g/L,which were significantly better than those in group B [(82.8 ±17.6) min,(88.5 ± 25.6)mL,(19.4 ±5.9)h,(13.5 ±2.9)g/L],the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).Postopera-tive morbidity rate in group A was 5 cases,that in group B was 9 cases,the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).In A group,the systolic blood pressure was (152.0 ±8.5)mmHg after treatment for 15min,which was significantly higher than (132.5 ±10.2)mmHg in group B,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the systolic blood pressure after treatment for 30min and 45min, and the diastolic blood pressure before and after treatment (all P>0.05).Conclusion Application of pituitrin in laparoscopic surgical hemostasis for patients with uterine fibroids can effectively reduce the surgery time ,decrease the blood loss ,its surgical hemostasis effect is better than oxytocin ,which is worth further clinical application .

The paper presented the motivation,progress and roadblocks for venture capital to play a role in private medical institutions during the ongoing health reform.The author raised policy suggestions to introduce venture capital into private medical institutions,from such points as laws and regulations,establishment of state-owned venture capital firms,building of exit channels,establishment of managed healthcare market,and development of VC talents for healthcare industry.

2-(3-benzoylphenyl)propionitrile which is an important intermediate of ketoprofen was synthesized through phase-transfer catalytic by four steps, involving Friedel-crafts reaction, bromination and cyanation. Pure compound was obtained, and the content of crystal was about 98%.AIM　The content of 2-(3-benzoylphenyl)propionitrile was improved. METHODS　Phase-transfer catalytic methylation and suitable method of aftertreatment were used. RESULTS　The yield and content was both improved. CONCLUSION　Phase-transfer catalytic methylation was the best method, and suitable method of aftertreatment was essential.

Objective To explore the effect of chewing gums on gastrointestinal function of rectal cancer patients undergoing surgical operations.Methods One hundred rectal cancer patients were randomized equally into the control group and test group:the former received routine nursing care and the latter began to chew the chewing 2-3 gums for 4-5 times a day 2-4 hours after operation until anal passage of gas or defecation.The two groups were compared in terms of first time for anal passage of gas,first time for defecation and postoperative abdominal distension.Results The time for anal passage of gas in the test group was(62.52±19.99)h, significantly shorter than that of(70.68±19.34)h in the control group(t=2.184,P<0.05).The defecation time in the test group was (84.20±14.25 ) h,also significantly shorter than that of the control group(t=-2.204,P<0.05).The incidence of abdominal distension in the test group was significantly lower than that in the control group(8.00%vs.26.00%;χ2=5.741,P<0.05).Conclusion Chewing the gums,as an adjunctive therapy,is effective for the recovery of gastrointestinal function after operations on rectal cancer.