No abstract available.
Cataract*

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate effect of patient age amenorrhea duration, motivation, purpose, regimen, side effect on compliance to hormonal replacement therapy(HRT). METHODS: Compliance to HRT was assessed in 86 postmenopausal women who began HRT in the Shin ob & gyn clinic. Fifty six women who had intact uterus received continuous combined therapy with 2 mg of Estradiol hemihydrate and 1mg of Norethinsterone acetate. Thirty women who were hysterectomized received only 0.625mg of conjugated equaine estrogen(premarin) RESULT: A total of 34(39.9%) women reported that they continued HRT at least for one year. Continuation of HRT was significantly more common among women who started HRT because of reconmendation by gyneocologist after hystectomy for improvement sexual function(p<0.05), A greater percentage of women who received only premarin without uterus continuous combined therapy(p<0.05) Duration of amenorrhea, reason for taking HRT and side effect such as irregular bleeding or breast tenderness were not related to the continuation of HRT. CONCLUSION: Education of menopausal women about the improvement of sexual function/ risk and side effect of HRT may be critical in improving compliance.
Amenorrhea ; Breast ; Compliance* ; Education ; Estradiol ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans ; Motivation ; Postmenopause* ; Uterus

No abstract available.
Retinoblastoma*

BACKGROUND: The FcgammaRII receptor, the only kind of Fc receptor in the platelet, plays important role for immune-complex mediated platelet activation, which occurs in Heparin induced thrombocytopenia(HIT) or antiphospholipid syndrome. The purpose of this research is to find out the role of gamma-subunit in FcgammaRII signal transduction of platelets. METHODS: After cross-linking the FcgammaRII receptors with IV.3 anti FcgammaRII specific antibody and Rabbit anti mouse antibody, we made the platelet lysate in the RIPA EDTA lysis buffer condition, and performed anti gamma-subunit immunoprecipitation. After polyacylamide gel electrophoresis and Western transfer, we probed the nitrocellulose membrane of gamma-subunit immunoprecipitate with anti gamma-subunit antibody. RESULTS: The mobility shift of gamma-subunit was observed upon FcgammaRII cross-linking. CONCLUSION: The gamma-subunit is activated upon FcgammaRII cross-linking, which means the gamma-subunit is involved in FcgammaRII signal transduction of platelet.
Animals ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome ; Blood Platelets ; Collodion ; Edetic Acid ; Electrophoresis ; Heparin ; Immunoprecipitation ; Membranes ; Mice ; Platelet Activation ; Receptors, Fc ; Signal Transduction*

BACKGROUND: The wall of ovarian dermoid cysts shows various kinds of morphologic patterns. Some of them resemble the features of epidermal and epidermal appendageal tumors. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to classify the morphologic features of the wall of ovarian dermoid cyst from the dermatohistopathologic viewpoint. METHODS: H&E stained slides of 203 ovarian dermoid cysts were reviewed RESULTS: Thirteen different patterns of morphologic features were found. They included features of organoid nevus, sebaceous hyperplasia, steatocystoma multiplex, epidermoid cyst, nevus comedonicus, epidermal nevus, apocrine hidrocystoma, syringoma and trichilemmal cyst. CONCLUSION: Various epidermal and epidermal appendageal tumors may be associated with ovarian dermoid cyst.
Dermoid Cyst* ; Epidermal Cyst ; Female ; Hidrocystoma ; Hyperplasia ; Nevus ; Organoids ; Ovary ; Skin* ; Steatocystoma Multiplex ; Syringoma

The midcarpal joint has inherent instability in the sagittal plane. Several instability patterns of midcarpal joint due to ligament insufficiency have been presented. We ohserved the normal midcarpal and radiocarpal behaviors of ligament laxity in the sagittal plane to investigate the significance of dorsal and palmar stress test which has been used for evaluation of the non-dissociative carpal instahilities. We performed the dorsal and palmar displacement stress test on fifty pairs of normal wrist joints under the flouroscopic views. The midcarpal joints were subluxed, more on dorsal stress, with variable degrees. Dorsal subluxations in females and third decades were more prominent than males and fourth decades. Three types of radiocarpal instability on dorsal stress test could be observed. We think that displacement stress test in the sagittal plane should be interpreted in consideration of normal instability patterns in the evaluation of ahnormal midcarpal and radiocarpal instabilities since there are variable patterns and degrees of ligament laxity in normal wrist joints.
Exercise Test ; Female ; Humans ; Joints* ; Ligaments ; Male ; Wrist Joint

The blow-out fracture can be reconstructed by various autogeneous and alloplastic material. Particulate, nonresorbable hydroxyapatite is currently one of the choice of implant material available for reconstruction of blow-out fracture. Hydroxyapatite is radiopaque ceramic, physically and chemically similar to enamel and cortical bone. It is a biomaterial derived from natural corals to use as a bone graft substitute. And we looked into the clinical usefulness of 2 type of hydroxyapatite with their advantages and disadvantages in reconstruction of blow-out fracture. 183 patients with blow-out fracture who underwent surgical reconstruction with two types of hydroxyapatite from March 1933 to July 1977 have been analyzed the results of surgical reconstructions, and have been followed up for more than a year. And the condition of formerly inserted hydroxyapatite was observed in the patients who needed 2nd surgical reconstruction due to the enophthalmos. The disadvantages of hydroxyapatite are fragility, size and contour limitations. In spite of these demerits, hydroxyapatite can be one of the prospective materials to reconstruct orbital floor. Through the clinical experiences for 5 years, we have not found any of complications of exposure, infection, and foreign body reaction. Low rates of diplopia, limitation of ocular movement, and enophtalmos was observed. Hydroxyapatite was well adherent to adjacent orbital bone in most patients who needed secondary reconstruction for enopthalmos. In conclusion, our study shows that the availability of hydroxyapattite in reconstruction of blow-out fracture is recommendable, with low complication rates. Hydroxyapatite important appears to be well tolerated, and provides useful alloplastic prosthesis with few problems in reconstruction of blow-out fracture.
Anthozoa ; Ceramics ; Dental Enamel ; Diplopia ; Durapatite* ; Enophthalmos ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Humans ; Orbit* ; Orbital Fractures* ; Prostheses and Implants ; Transplants

The author attempted to discover a method for performing delayed suture adjustment to investigate whether it actually provides more relable and stable results. In order to prevent the fromation of postoperative adhesions and delay the time of adjustment, the author used 0.1mm-thick polyteetraful-oroethylene(PTFE) as a physical barrier. PTFE was placed between the free muscle end and the sclera in 60 strabismic patients during adjustable strabismus surgery. Adjustment was not necessary in eight patients until PTFE removal. In thirteen patients, adjustment was not necessayr after first adjustment until two weeks postoperatively. PTFE was effective in delaying the adjustment after two weeks postoperatively in the remaining 39 patients. To my knowledge, this study represents the longest delayed adjustment in humans. In conclusion, PTFE can be clinically beneficial for delaying the timing of adjustment in strabismus surgery.
Humans* ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Sclera ; Strabismus* ; Sutures

PURPOSE: To study the short term effects of hypercholesterolemia on corpus cavernosal tissue, we performed isometric tension studies and RT-PCR was used to identify mRNA expression of VEGF on isolated strips of corpus cavernosum, on rabbits which underwent partial ligation of the abdominal aorta and received a diet containing 2% cholesterol. MATERIALS AND METHODS: New Zealand White rabbits were divided into a control group(n=6) fed with a regular diet and a hypercholesterolemic group(n=10) which underwent partial ligation of the abdominal aorta and received a diet containing 2% cholesterol. After 3 weeks, the relationship between hypercholesterolemia and cavernosal smooth muscle pathophysiology was studied. To characterize the cavernosal smooth muscle reactivity in hypercholesterolemia, we performed isometric tension studies with phenylephrine(PE), acetylcholine(Ach), sodium nitroprusside(SNP) and electrical field stimulation(ES). RT-PCR was used to identify the mRNA expression of VEGF. RESULTS: PE-induced cavernous smooth muscle contraction in the hypercholesterolemic group was increased compared with the control group(p<0.05), while relaxation by Ach and ES in PE pretreated cavernosal smooth muscle in the hypercholesterolemic group was decreased(p<0.05). Relaxation by SNP in PE pretreated cavernosal smooth muscle was not different between any experimental groups. Expression of VEGF mRNA in cavernosal smooth muscle was significantly increased in the hypercholesterolemic group compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Hypercholesterolemia caused a significant increase in PE-induced contraction of cavernosal tissue. Hypercholesterolemic cavernosal tissue retained the ability of relaxation induced by endothelium-independent, but relaxation induced by endothelium-dependant was impaired. Furthermore, expression of VEGF mRNA in cavernosal tissues was up regulated in the hypercholesterolemic group. This study showed that a short period of hypercholesterolemia could induce pathophysiologic change of cavernosal tissue.
Aorta, Abdominal ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Hypercholesterolemia* ; Ligation ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth ; Rabbits* ; Relaxation ; RNA, Messenger ; Sodium ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

No abstract available.
Child* ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do*