Early life stress (ELS) may induce long-lasting psychological complications in adulthood. The protective role of resilience against the development of psychopathology is also important. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among ELS, resilience, depression, anxiety, and aggression in young adults. Four hundred sixty-one army inductees gave written informed consent and participated in this study. We assessed psychopathology using the Korea Military Personality Test, ELS using the Childhood Abuse Experience Scale, and resilience with the resilience scale. Analyses of variance, correlation analyses, and hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were conducted for statistical analyses. The regression model explained 35.8%, 41.0%, and 23.3% of the total variance in the depression, anxiety, and aggression indices, respectively. We can find that even though ELS experience is positively associated with depression, anxiety, and aggression, resilience may have significant attenuating effect against the ELS effect on severity of these psychopathologies. Emotion regulation showed the most beneficial effect among resilience factors on reducing severity of psychopathologies. To improve mental health for young adults, ELS assessment and resilience enhancement program should be considered.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Adolescent ; Age Distribution ; Aggression/*psychology ; Anxiety/epidemiology/psychology ; Comorbidity ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel/*psychology/*statistics & numerical data ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; *Resilience, Psychological ; Risk Factors ; Stress, Psychological/*epidemiology/*psychology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the acceptability and influential factors of Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing (VCT) among the Chinese and Ethiopian peacekeepers in Liberia so as to conduct more effective health education of AIDS and enhance the acceptance of VCT.

METHODSAn anonymous questionnaire was used to investigate the attitudes to VCT among 518 Chinese (aged 23-51) and 648 Ethiopian (aged 25-49) peacekeepers in Liberia.

RESULTSThe rates of those who claimed to have never heard of HIV/AIDS were 8.1% and 7.9% in the Chinese and Ethiopian subjects respectively, with no significant differences (P > 0.05) in between. Among those who had heard of HIV/ AIDS, 407 (85.5%) Chinese and 449 (75.2%) Ethiopians expressed their willingness to accept VCT, with a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the two groups. Statistic analysis indicated that the acceptance of VCT was as- sodiated with schooling and knowledge on HIV/AIDS in both groups as well as with the susceptibility to HIV among the Ethiopian subjects.

CONCLUSIONThe acceptability of VCT is obviously lower among those with less schooling and less knowledge of HIV/AIDS. It is important to carry out information-oriented education to increase VCT acceptability among the peacekeepers in the area with a high incidence of AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; prevention & control ; China ; Counseling ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Ethiopia ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Liberia ; Male ; Mass Screening ; methods ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data ; Military Personnel ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To estimate the prevalence and evaluate the associated psychological factors of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in males in their twenties who are currently enrolled in military service. METHODS: A total of 1,073 men in the Korean army were asked to complete questionnaires based on the Rome III criteria and Symptom Checklist-90-revised (SCL-90R). The prevalence of FGIDs was estimated, and the associated psychological factors were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 967 men participated. The total prevalence of FGIDs was 18.5% (age-adjusted prevalence, 18.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 15.3% to 20.8%). The total SCL-90R scores were higher in men with FGIDs than men without FGIDs (24 [interquartile range, 13 to 44] vs 13 [5 to 28], p<0.001) and higher in men with overlapping syndromes than in those with single FGIDs (31 [18 to 57] vs 14 [5.75 to 29], p<0.001). Somatization (odds ratio [OR], 1.141; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.20; p<0.001), obsessive-compulsive behaviors (OR, 1.084; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.14; p=0.002) and depression (OR, 0.943; 95% CI, 0.90 to 0.99; p=0.020) were identified as independent predictive factors for FGIDs. CONCLUSIONS: FGIDs are common among men in their twenties who are fulfilling their military duty. Somatization and obsessive-compulsive features from the tense atmosphere are associated with the development or progression of FGIDs. Patients who exhibit overlapping syndromes require greater attention given their more severe psychopathology.
Depression/complications ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/*epidemiology/psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel/psychology/*statistics & numerical data ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/complications ; Prevalence ; Psychopathology ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Somatoform Disorders/complications ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult