Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM) of the peritoneum is considered to be a distinct subtype of peritoneal mesothelioma and has mostly behaved in a benign fashion. We report a case of WDPM in a 48-year-old-woman. It was incidentally found during a hysterectomy for a uterine cervical carcinoma. Grossly, the tumor was composed of multiple peritoneal nodules, measuring up to 2 cm. Microscopically, the nodules showed well-developed papillae lined by a single layer of cuboidal mesothelial cells. Immunohistochemical staining revealed a positive reaction for cytokeratin and a negative reacion for carcinoembryonic antigen and Leu-M1. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells showed numerous long, slender microvilli and desmosomes.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; Desmosomes ; Hysterectomy ; Keratins ; Mesothelioma* ; Microvilli ; Peritoneum*

To compare the corneal reaction of the widely used viscoelastic substance such as Healon(R), Amvisc(R) and newly developed and less expensive viscoelastic substance(2% methylcellulose), 0.2ml each of various viscous solutions were injected into the anterior chamber of rabbit eyes and their reactions were observed. BSS(Balanced salt solution) was used as a control. 1. Intraocular pressure was elevated to the peak in 3 hours after injection of Healon(R)(44.0 +/- 14.4mmHg), methylcellulose(32.0 +/- 4.0mmHg), Amvisc(R)(33.7 +/- 14.5mmHg) and control BSS(25.8 +/- 4.6mmHg). Intraocular pressure returned to normal at 9 hours after injection of methlycellulose group, while Healon(R) and Amvisc(R) group returned to normal at 24 hours. 2. Central corneal thickness was increased to the peak 12 hours after injection in all groups; Healon(R) 475 +/- 71.9 micrometer, methylcellulose 454 +/- 55.0 micrometer, Amvisc(R) 489 +/- 90.9 micrometer and control BSS 403 +/- 14.0 micrometer. Corneal thickness returned to normal after 2 days in Healon(R) and control groups but it took 6 days for methyclellulose and Amvisc(R) groups. 3. The endothelial cell density 2 weeks after injection were Healon(R) 2,280 +/- 125.0 cells/mm2, methylcellulose 2,187 +/- 120.0 cells/mm2, amvisc(R) and BSS 2,338 +/- 74.0 cells/mm2. The endothelial cell reduction rate was Healon(R) 7%, methylcellulose 6%, Amvisc(R) 14.5% and BSS 3.0%, respectively. 4. In all groups except control ESS group, the endothelial cells under the scanning electron microscope showed decreased microvilli and enlargement of intercellular space. Scanning electron micrograph 2 weeks after injection of Amvisc(R) showed the findings of more edematous endothelial cells compared with those of other groups.
Anterior Chamber ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium, Corneal* ; Extracellular Space ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Methylcellulose* ; Microvilli

This experiment was designed to investigate the histochemical and ultrastructural changes of the proximal tubules and glomeruli of rabbits treated with cyclosporin A (CsA) or cyclosporin A and concomitant administration of prednisolone (PD). Rabbits were given with CsA for 1 week (CsAlW) and for 2 weeks (CsA2W) and CsA plus PD for 1 week (CsA +PDIW) and for 2 weeks (CsA+PD2W). The dose of CsA was 5mg/kg/day i.v. and PD was 1 mg/kg/day i.m. At 1 week and 2 weeks after the treatments, the following items were studied of alkaline phosphatase (ALPase). peroxidase, 5'-nucleotidase (SNU) with the ultrastructural enzymatic changes and electron microscopic changes. CsAlW, CsA2W and CsA +PD2W groups showed a decrease of ALPase activity and CsA+PD2W and CsA2W groups showed weakly increased peroxidase activity CsA2W and CsA+PD2W showed a decrease of 5NU activity. Ultrastructural changes of CsAlW CsA2W and CsA+PD2W groups revealed swollen and disrupted mitochondria, loss of brush border in the proximal tubules and thickening of basement membranes, edematous podocytes and fusion of root processes of podocytes in the glomeruli showing the early stage of nephrotoxicity. The concomitant treatment of PD with CsA eased the nephrotoxicity of CsA within 1 week after the treatment.
5'-Nucleotidase ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Basement Membrane ; Cyclosporine* ; Kidney* ; Microvilli ; Mitochondria ; Peroxidase ; Podocytes ; Prednisolone* ; Rabbits

To evaluate the ultrastructure of cornea keratocyte infected by Herpes simplex virus, the cornea was excised from enucleated rabbit eyes. Cornea epithelium and endothelium of these was removed and cultivated in culture media. After 7 days, the Kos strain of Herpes simplex virus was inoculated into the cultured cornea keratocytes and co-cultivated until the cytopathic effect occurred. Cornea keratocytes was fixed in the 3%glutaraldehyde and examined with electron microscope. The infected cells were active cells and slightly more round appearance than normal cells. They had microvillies composed of cytoplasmic process protru-sions into collagen fibers. Virus particles was transmitted into neighboring cells easily since there was no barrier function of collagen fibers that was destroyed in the condition of culture. The nuclear changes of infected cells were marked :nuclear chromatin was degraded, condensated and displaced toward the nuclear membrane. There were many virus particles in the nucleus. There were also many degenerations in the cytoplasm, destructed numerous cytoplasmic organelles and many virus particles seen in the cytoplasm. The ultrastructural findings of keratocytes co-cultivated with Herpes simplex virus were identified from our result.
Chromatin ; Collagen ; Cornea ; Culture Media ; Cytoplasm ; Endothelium ; Epithelium ; Herpes Simplex* ; Microvilli ; Nuclear Envelope ; Organelles ; Simplexvirus* ; Virion

Four thoroughbred horses showing lameness, ataxia, circling, depression, recumbency, and seizures, were examined. The horses had gross, pale- to dark-red manifestations and foci in the central nervous system (CNS). Multifocal to coalescing eosinophilic necrotizing encephalomyelitis was observed histologically in the CNS along with intact or degenerated nematodes. Nematodes had polymyarian-coelomyarian musculature, a smooth thin cuticle, and intestines lined by multinucleated cells with microvilli. These traits suggested the nematodes belonged to the family Protostrongylidae, which includes Parelaphostrongylus tenuis. It was concluded that the horses were infected by nematodes, presumably Parelaphostrongylus tenuis, resulting in eosinophilic necrotizing encephalomyelitis.
Ataxia ; Central Nervous System ; Depression ; Encephalomyelitis* ; Eosinophils* ; Horses* ; Humans ; Intestines ; Microvilli ; Parasites* ; Seizures

To determine the effects of contact lens-solution(Uni-cleaner, Uni-soak, Uni-rince on the ocular tissue following instillation for 21 consecutive days, the experimental irritation study was conducted on the rabbit eyes. Nine rabbits(18 eyes) were divided into three groups and each solution was instilled into the eyes four tims a day for 21 consecutive days. Ocular reactions including conjunctival injection, chemosis, sodium fluorescein stain, and erosion were observed and recorded. The reactions were noted using as a guide the scales for scoring from grade I to grade IV according to the severity through the slit lamp examination, and also measured was the corneal thickness change using the ultrasonic pachometer. The results were as follows; 1. No ocular abnormalitis were observed during the slit lamp examination through the test period except one minute after instillation of the solution. 2. The changes of the corneal thickness were not significant statistically(p>0.1). 3. Scanning electronic microscopy showed that epithelial cells formed a polygonal mosaic on surface of the cornea and microvilli and microplicae were present in adjacent cells.
Contact Lens Solutions* ; Cornea ; Epithelial Cells ; Fluorescein ; Microscopy ; Microvilli ; Ultrasonics ; Weights and Measures

We have experienced two cases of extramammary Paget's disease. The first case was a 68-year-old male who showed erythematous, crusted, oozing, eczematoid patches on the scroturn, penile root and pubic area, and verrucous plaque on the left pubic area of 5 years' duration. The second case was a 60-year-old male who showed erythematous, oozing, hyperkeratotic plaque and nodular mass on the scrotum of 4 years' duration. In electron microscopic findings of the first case, the Paget's cells was suggested to be formed by pleuripotential germinative cells; well developed microvilli, numerous electron lucent secretory granules, a few electron dense granules, apocrine type secretion and well developed desmosome.
Aged ; Desmosomes ; Humans ; Male ; Microvilli ; Middle Aged ; Paget Disease, Extramammary ; Scrotum ; Secretory Vesicles

We report two cases of ectopic epididymal ducts and efferent ductules in the testicular appendices (TAs) of adult men with normally descended testes. In both cases, a sessile TA was incidentally found at the upper pole of the right testis during the scrotal hydrocelectomy. Microscopically, a few closely arranged tubules were detected within the TA. In the first case, the tubules were lined with a pseudostratified columnar epithelium with numerous, long microvilli, and were surrounded by a smooth muscle coat. In contrast, in the second case, the tubules had a wavy luminal surface, because ciliated columnar cells alternated with groups of cuboidal cells. In both cases, strong CD10 immunoreactivity was observed in the luminal border of the lining epithelium. Surgical pathologists should be aware of the presence of both ectopic epididymal ducts and efferent ductules that can occur in TAs, in order to avoid misinterpretation as transected, functional reproductive structures.
Adult ; Choristoma ; Epididymis ; Epithelium ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microvilli ; Muscle, Smooth ; Parovarian Cyst ; Phenobarbital ; Testis ; Wolffian Ducts

Although it has been known that seminal plasma (SP) modulates immune responses, the morphologic and functional effects of SP on mast cells have not been well documented. The purpose of this study was to determine the morphologic and functional effects of SP from the azoospermic (ASP), oligozoospermic (OSP) and normozoospermic (NSP) men on rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC). By inverted microscopy, degranulation of RPMC occurred by treatment of OSP, NSP or compound 48/80. Treatment of RPMC with OSP and NSP resulted in increase in size and decrease in surface folds and bulged granules from the cell surface indicating that degranulating processes took place. Irregular cell surface with few microvilli and large degranulation channels filled with altered granules of various sizes were observed in OSP or NSP-treated RMPC. The degranulation index (DI) of RPMC treated with HBSS was 8.8+/-5.0. SP-induced DI was 11.9+/-6.2, 57.1+/-16.9 and 61.9+/-15.8, in ASP, OSP and NSP, respectively. The DI of RPMC treated with compound 48/80 (1 microgram/ml) was 83.5+/-21.4. These results indicated that the OSP, NSP but not ASP, induced the degranulation of RPMC. OSP and NSP induced histamine release (HR) from RPMC (4.5x105 cells). The HR of RPMC treated with HBSS was 1,030+/-196.6ng/ml, whereas ASP, OSP and NSP-induced HR was 1,010+/-204.7, 2,794+/-453.3 and 2,899 +/-366.7 ng/ml, respectively. The HR of RPMC treated with compound 48/80 was 6,300+/-476.2 ng/ml. Intracellular calcium level(ICL) of RPMC was also increased by OSP and NSP. The ICL of RPMC treated with HBSS was 6.1+/-1.0 pmole. ASP, OSP and NSP-induced ICL was 9.0+/-1.1, 81.2+/-18.5 and 76.6+/-18.0 pmole, respectively. The ICL of RPMC treated with compound 48/80 was 102.9+/-22.2 pmole. From the above results, it is suggested that OSP and NSP contain some factors to degranulate RPMC by the increase of intracellular calcium level.
Animals ; Calcium ; Histamine Release* ; Histamine* ; Humans ; Male ; Mast Cells* ; Microscopy ; Microvilli ; Rats* ; Semen* ; Viperidae

PURPOSE: To evaluate 20% ethanol toxicity on the rabbit corneal epithelium, ethanol-treated rabbit corneas were examined with electron microscopy. METHODS: Rabbit corneas(24 eyes) were treated with 20% ethanol for 30 seconds, 1 minute, and 2 minutes by using LASEK(Laser Assisted Subepithelial Keratomileusis) instruments, and washed with sterile water. Zero time, 1, 3, 5 days after ethanol treatment, corneas were excised and examined with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Widespread damage or disappearance of microvilli and local breaks of intercellular junction were observed. The changes were more severe in corneas with longer ethanol treament. In corneas with over 1 minute ethanol treatment, slough of superficial corneal epithelium was shown and increased with time. It was difficult to recognize microvilli or distinctive intercellular junction in corneas with 2 minute-treament. These pathologic changes persisted 5 days after ethanol-treatment. CONCLUSIONS: From these results, 30 seconds to 1 minute-ethanol treatment is recommended in corneal surgery to avoid severe, persisting damage of superficial corneal epithelium.
Cornea ; Epithelial Cells* ; Epithelium, Corneal ; Ethanol ; Intercellular Junctions ; Microscopy, Electron ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Microvilli ; Water