Objective: To measure the ciliary sulcus diameters (CSD) in phakic eyes of adult Filipinos using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study involving Filipino patients recruited from the Outpatient Department of Makati Medical Center, Philippines from September 2006 to December 2006. Vertical and horizontal CSDs in phakic eyes were measured using a UBM Scan 1000 (Ophthalmic Technologies Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada). Three repeated measurements of each meridian were taken and averaged. The average CSD for each eye was computed as the average of the horizontal and vertical CSDs. Student’s t-test was used to analyze data. Results: Seventy-one (71) patients (142 eyes) were included in the study. Mean CSD measurements were as follows: horizontal CSD = 9.76 ± 0.42 mm; vertical CSD = 10.00 ± 0.48 mm; average CSD = 9.88 ± 0.47 mm. There was a significant difference between the means of the vertical and horizontal CSD measurements (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the mean CSD measurements of the right and left eyes (P= 0.50). Conclusions In this cohort of adult Filipino patients, the UBM-measured vertical CSD is significantly greater than the horizontal CSD. Establishment of CSD measurements of adult Filipino eyes may be helpful in selecting appropriately-sized intraocular lenses for ciliary sulcus implantation.
Microscopy, Acoustic

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed on 394 patients at Trung Vuong Emergency Center from Sep 1998 to Oct 2002. Most of indications were symptomatic stones. The operation was difficult in 90 cases (22.8%), in which 10 cases were converted to laparotomy. Ultrasonographic findings of thickness of gallblader walls, cystic duct stones, clinical manifestations of acute inflammation were warning signs of difficult operation. Outcomes of operations were excellent with decreased complications, shorter hospitalization
Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Microscopy, Acoustic ; Patients

Ultrasound biomicroscopy is an important ultrasound medical instrument and primary used in ophthalmology.The article design a probe of ultrasound biomicroscopy which is Portable, Low power consumption and High performance. Which can be used when plug in the computer USB interface.
Equipment Design ; Microscopy, Acoustic ; Ophthalmology

Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) has been applied in ophthalmology for twenty years. It plays an important role in diagnosis of eye diseases, especially in glaucoma. After years of research, It has been developed in its structure, sensors, imaging technology and applied research.
Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological ; Microscopy, Acoustic

PURPOSE: To evaluate intraobserver reproducibility of measurements in images obtained by the ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM plus, model P45, Paradigm(R), Inc., Utah, USA) and estimate the agreement of measurements by ultrasound biomicroscopy and A-scan ultrasound (model P37, Paradigm(R), Inc., Utah, USA). METHODS: The anterior segment images of fifteen normal patients were obtained twice by single examiner. Six different parameters were measured in each image. Among the parameters, anterior chamber depth was compared with that measured by A-scan ultrasound. RESULTS: The intraobserver reproducibility was high for all six parameters that includes central corneal thickness (coefficient of variation (%) 2.80), anterior chamber depth (coefficient of variation (%) 1.20), anterior chamber angle (coefficient of variation (%) 4.01), scleral thickness (coefficient of variation (%) 4.28), trabecular meshwork-iris distance (coefficient of variation (%) 6.09) and angle opening distance (AOD500, coefficient of variation (%) 6.09). The correlation between ultrasound biomicroscopy and A-scan ultrasound in measuring the anterior chamber depth was statistically significant (correlation coefficient = 0.79, p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The measurements of anterior segment parameters by ultrasound biomicroscopy have high reproducibility and will be useful in evaluating the anterior segment structure.
Anterior Chamber ; Humans ; Microscopy, Acoustic* ; Ultrasonography* ; Utah

PURPOSE: To estimate the horizontal and vertical white-to-white diameters (WTW) and anterior chamber depths (ACD) with a dual Scheimpflug camera (GALILEI(TM), Ziemer, Switzerland) and to compare the estimates measured by a measuring caliper and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM PlusTM, Paradigm Inc., Utah, USA) in normal subjects. METHODS: Forty-four eyes of 23 subjects were evaluated. Corneal diameter as measured by GALILEI was directly compared with the white-to-white diameter (WTW) measured by a caliper and the correlation with ciliary sulcus diameter (STS) by UBM was evaluated. The anterior chamber depth (ACD) as measured by GALILEI(TM) was compared with the estimates measured by UBM. RESULTS: The horizontal and vertical diameters of WTW by GALILEI were not significantly different from the measurements taken by calipers (p>0.05, p>0.05, respectively), and there were no correlations between the measurements (r=-0.074, p>0.05 at 180degrees r=0.297, p>0.05 at 90degrees, respectively). The estimates by GALILEI did not correlate with those measured with UBM (r=-0.006, p>0.05 at 180degrees r=-0.222, p>0.05 at 90degrees, respectively). However, the mean ACD by GALILEI was deeper than thatby UBM (p<0.01), and the measurements correlated strongly with each other (r=0.760; p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The mean WTW measured by GALILEI was not significantly different from the measurements taken by calipers and the measurements did not correlate with each other. There was also no correlation with the measurementsby GALILEI and UBM. ACD by GALILEI was measured to be deeper those that by UBM.
Anterior Chamber ; Eye ; Microscopy, Acoustic ; Utah

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical significance of angle-opening distance 500 (AOD500) using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in the early stage of traumatic hyphema. METHODS: The participants of this study were 46 hospitalized traumatic hyphema patients. We measured the quantity of initial blood clotting using a slit-lamp and the range of angle recession, AOD500 using UBM and then reviewed the relationship between the two. RESULTS: The difference of AOD500 in the traumatic and the non-traumatic eye measured by UBM at admission increased significantly in the wider recessed angle group (p=0.008), but did not increase at a statistically significantly level in the larger initial blood clot grade group (> or =Grade 2). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the measurement of the angle-opening distance of both eyes using UBM will aid in evaluating the range of angle recession in patients in the early stage of traumatic hyphema.
Blood Coagulation ; Eye ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Microscopy, Acoustic

Measurement of the depth and angle of the anterior chamber can provide valuable information for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of angle closure glaucoma. We measured the depth and angle of the peripheral anterior chamber in the normal and the angle closure glaucoma eyes by utilizing ultrasonographic biomicroscopy. We also measured the 4 directions of the depth and angle of the peripheral anterior chamber and iris thickness before and after dilation in the normal eyes. The mean depth and angle of the peripheral anterior chamber were 421 +/- 73 micro meter, 30.46 +/- 6.49 degree in the normal eyes and 294 +/- 25 micro meter, 29.12 +/- 3.75 degree in the angle closure glaucoma eyes respectively. The differences of the depth and angle of the peripheral anterior chamber between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05, respectively). The depth and angle of the peripheral anterior chamber significantly increased after dilation in the normal eyes(P<0.05, respectively). The thickness of the iris was 421 +/- 54 micro meter at the iris root site, 509 +/- 57 micro meter in at the middle site and 582 +/- 74 micro meter at the pupillary margin site.
Anterior Chamber* ; Diagnosis ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure ; Iris* ; Microscopy, Acoustic* ; Prognosis

PURPOSE: To introduce a new convenient and accurate method to measure the angle kappa using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and corneal topography. METHODS: Data from 42 eyes (13 males and 29 females) were analyzed in this study. The angle kappa was measured using Orbscan II and calculated with UBM and corneal topography. The angle kappa of the dominant eye was compared with measurements by Orbscan II. RESULTS: The mean patient age was 36.4 ± 13.8 years. The average angle kappa measured by Orbscan II was 3.98°± 1.12°, while the average angle kappa calculated with UBM and corneal topography was 3.19°± 1.15°. The difference in angle kappa measured by the two methods was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The two methods showed good reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.671; p < 0.001). Bland-Altman plots were used to demonstrate the agreement between the two methods. CONCLUSIONS: We designed a new method using UBM and corneal topography to calculate the angle kappa. This method is convenient to use and allows for measurement of the angle kappa without an expensive device.
Corneal Topography* ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Microscopy, Acoustic* ; Ultrasonography*

PURPOSE: To establish quantified values for anterior segment of normal adult Koreans using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in relation to age and sex. METHODS: Anterior segment images were obtained in 114 normal Koreans (54 males and 60 females) using UBM. Six different parameters (central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, scleral thickness, trabeculariris distance, angle-opening distance 500 and anterior chamber angle) were measured by the same examiner in central chamber image and angle image. Among the parameters, anterior chamber depth was compared with that measured by A-scan. RESULTS: Average central corneal thickness was 495.2 +/- 29.6 micro meter in male and 488.8 +/- 20.6 micro meter in female, anterior chamber depth 2.997 +/- 0.297 mm in male and 2.763 +/- 0.314 mm in female, anterior chamber angle 38.86 +/- 3.62 degrees in male and 36.01 +/- 3.23 degrees in female and angle-opening distance 500 316.2 +/- 52.4 micro meter in male and 290.9 +/- 54.4 micro meter in female, respectively. Anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber angle, trabecular-iris distance and angle-opening distance 500 were smaller in female than male. Anterior chamber depth showed a significant decrease in relation to age in male and female. Values of anterior chamber depth were statistically significantly correlated between UBM and A-scan. CONCLUSIONS: Quantified values were established for anterior segment using UBM in normal adult Koreans. In the future, they will be useful in evaluating the anterior segment structures and diseases.
Adult* ; Anterior Chamber ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Acoustic* ; Ultrasonography*