Objective: To measure the ciliary sulcus diameters (CSD) in phakic eyes of adult Filipinos using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study involving Filipino patients recruited from the Outpatient Department of Makati Medical Center, Philippines from September 2006 to December 2006. Vertical and horizontal CSDs in phakic eyes were measured using a UBM Scan 1000 (Ophthalmic Technologies Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada). Three repeated measurements of each meridian were taken and averaged. The average CSD for each eye was computed as the average of the horizontal and vertical CSDs. Student’s t-test was used to analyze data. Results: Seventy-one (71) patients (142 eyes) were included in the study. Mean CSD measurements were as follows: horizontal CSD = 9.76 ± 0.42 mm; vertical CSD = 10.00 ± 0.48 mm; average CSD = 9.88 ± 0.47 mm. There was a significant difference between the means of the vertical and horizontal CSD measurements (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the mean CSD measurements of the right and left eyes (P= 0.50). Conclusions In this cohort of adult Filipino patients, the UBM-measured vertical CSD is significantly greater than the horizontal CSD. Establishment of CSD measurements of adult Filipino eyes may be helpful in selecting appropriately-sized intraocular lenses for ciliary sulcus implantation.
Microscopy, Acoustic

Ultrasound biomicroscopy is an important ultrasound medical instrument and primary used in ophthalmology.The article design a probe of ultrasound biomicroscopy which is Portable, Low power consumption and High performance. Which can be used when plug in the computer USB interface.
Equipment Design ; Microscopy, Acoustic ; Ophthalmology

Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) has been applied in ophthalmology for twenty years. It plays an important role in diagnosis of eye diseases, especially in glaucoma. After years of research, It has been developed in its structure, sensors, imaging technology and applied research.
Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological ; Microscopy, Acoustic

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed on 394 patients at Trung Vuong Emergency Center from Sep 1998 to Oct 2002. Most of indications were symptomatic stones. The operation was difficult in 90 cases (22.8%), in which 10 cases were converted to laparotomy. Ultrasonographic findings of thickness of gallblader walls, cystic duct stones, clinical manifestations of acute inflammation were warning signs of difficult operation. Outcomes of operations were excellent with decreased complications, shorter hospitalization
Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Microscopy, Acoustic ; Patients

PURPOSE: To estimate the horizontal and vertical white-to-white diameters (WTW) and anterior chamber depths (ACD) with a dual Scheimpflug camera (GALILEI(TM), Ziemer, Switzerland) and to compare the estimates measured by a measuring caliper and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM PlusTM, Paradigm Inc., Utah, USA) in normal subjects. METHODS: Forty-four eyes of 23 subjects were evaluated. Corneal diameter as measured by GALILEI was directly compared with the white-to-white diameter (WTW) measured by a caliper and the correlation with ciliary sulcus diameter (STS) by UBM was evaluated. The anterior chamber depth (ACD) as measured by GALILEI(TM) was compared with the estimates measured by UBM. RESULTS: The horizontal and vertical diameters of WTW by GALILEI were not significantly different from the measurements taken by calipers (p>0.05, p>0.05, respectively), and there were no correlations between the measurements (r=-0.074, p>0.05 at 180degrees r=0.297, p>0.05 at 90degrees, respectively). The estimates by GALILEI did not correlate with those measured with UBM (r=-0.006, p>0.05 at 180degrees r=-0.222, p>0.05 at 90degrees, respectively). However, the mean ACD by GALILEI was deeper than thatby UBM (p<0.01), and the measurements correlated strongly with each other (r=0.760; p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The mean WTW measured by GALILEI was not significantly different from the measurements taken by calipers and the measurements did not correlate with each other. There was also no correlation with the measurementsby GALILEI and UBM. ACD by GALILEI was measured to be deeper those that by UBM.
Anterior Chamber ; Eye ; Microscopy, Acoustic ; Utah

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical significance of angle-opening distance 500 (AOD500) using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in the early stage of traumatic hyphema. METHODS: The participants of this study were 46 hospitalized traumatic hyphema patients. We measured the quantity of initial blood clotting using a slit-lamp and the range of angle recession, AOD500 using UBM and then reviewed the relationship between the two. RESULTS: The difference of AOD500 in the traumatic and the non-traumatic eye measured by UBM at admission increased significantly in the wider recessed angle group (p=0.008), but did not increase at a statistically significantly level in the larger initial blood clot grade group (> or =Grade 2). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the measurement of the angle-opening distance of both eyes using UBM will aid in evaluating the range of angle recession in patients in the early stage of traumatic hyphema.
Blood Coagulation ; Eye ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Microscopy, Acoustic

PURPOSE: To evaluate intraobserver reproducibility of measurements in images obtained by the ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM plus, model P45, Paradigm(R), Inc., Utah, USA) and estimate the agreement of measurements by ultrasound biomicroscopy and A-scan ultrasound (model P37, Paradigm(R), Inc., Utah, USA). METHODS: The anterior segment images of fifteen normal patients were obtained twice by single examiner. Six different parameters were measured in each image. Among the parameters, anterior chamber depth was compared with that measured by A-scan ultrasound. RESULTS: The intraobserver reproducibility was high for all six parameters that includes central corneal thickness (coefficient of variation (%) 2.80), anterior chamber depth (coefficient of variation (%) 1.20), anterior chamber angle (coefficient of variation (%) 4.01), scleral thickness (coefficient of variation (%) 4.28), trabecular meshwork-iris distance (coefficient of variation (%) 6.09) and angle opening distance (AOD500, coefficient of variation (%) 6.09). The correlation between ultrasound biomicroscopy and A-scan ultrasound in measuring the anterior chamber depth was statistically significant (correlation coefficient = 0.79, p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The measurements of anterior segment parameters by ultrasound biomicroscopy have high reproducibility and will be useful in evaluating the anterior segment structure.
Anterior Chamber ; Humans ; Microscopy, Acoustic* ; Ultrasonography* ; Utah

PURPOSE: To identify the impact of the presence of peripheral anterior synechia (PAS) on the depth of the anterior segment in patients with a shallow anterior chamber after laser iridotomy (LI) by analyzing changes in the anterior segment biometry using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). METHODS: Twenty eyes of 20 patients with PAS and shallow anterior chamber, and another 20 eyes of 20 patients with shallow anterior chamber without PAS were studied. The changes in the anterior segment biometry for each group of patients were examined using gonioscopy and UBM before and after the LI. RESULTS: The central corneal thicknesses and scleral thicknesses of the two groups did not show significant differences (p > 0.05). The anterior chamber depths, anterior chamber angles, trabecular meshwork-iris distances, and angle-opening distances 500 increased significantly after the peripheral LI (p < 0.05) in both groups. However, the difference in the increases in the anterior segment biometries between the two groups was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: LI can increase the depth of the anterior chamber regardless of the presence of PAS.
Anterior Chamber ; Biometry ; Eye ; Gonioscopy ; Humans ; Microscopy, Acoustic

PURPOSE: To establish quantified values for anterior segment of normal adult Koreans using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in relation to age and sex. METHODS: Anterior segment images were obtained in 114 normal Koreans (54 males and 60 females) using UBM. Six different parameters (central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, scleral thickness, trabeculariris distance, angle-opening distance 500 and anterior chamber angle) were measured by the same examiner in central chamber image and angle image. Among the parameters, anterior chamber depth was compared with that measured by A-scan. RESULTS: Average central corneal thickness was 495.2 +/- 29.6 micro meter in male and 488.8 +/- 20.6 micro meter in female, anterior chamber depth 2.997 +/- 0.297 mm in male and 2.763 +/- 0.314 mm in female, anterior chamber angle 38.86 +/- 3.62 degrees in male and 36.01 +/- 3.23 degrees in female and angle-opening distance 500 316.2 +/- 52.4 micro meter in male and 290.9 +/- 54.4 micro meter in female, respectively. Anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber angle, trabecular-iris distance and angle-opening distance 500 were smaller in female than male. Anterior chamber depth showed a significant decrease in relation to age in male and female. Values of anterior chamber depth were statistically significantly correlated between UBM and A-scan. CONCLUSIONS: Quantified values were established for anterior segment using UBM in normal adult Koreans. In the future, they will be useful in evaluating the anterior segment structures and diseases.
Adult* ; Anterior Chamber ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Acoustic* ; Ultrasonography*

PURPOSE: We compared the measurements of anterior chamber depth (ACD) and anterior chamber angle (ACA) using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in the sitting position compared with IOL Master(R), Pentacam(R), and Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT) to evaluate the clinical usefulness of UBM in the sitting position. METHODS: We evaluated 92 eyes in 47 healthy adults. ACD was measured by IOL Master(R), Pentacam(R), and UBM. ACA was measured using Pentacam(R), UBM, and Spectralis OCT. UBM was performed in the sitting position using bag/balloon technology. Measured values were compared statistically. RESULTS: ACD measured by IOL Master(R), Pentacam(R), and UBM was 3.57 +/- 0.32 microm, 3.64 +/- 0.33 microm and 3.51 +/- 0.32 microm, respectively. UBM measurements of ACD were significantly shallower than with the other methods (p < 0.001). The results among the 3 methods were strongly correlated (r > 0.8, p < 0.05 in all groups). Mean ACA of 4 directions was not significantly different among the 3 methods (p > 0.05). There was strong correlation between UBM and Spectralis OCT (r = 0.957) but moderate correlation between Pentacam(R) and UBM and Pentacam(R) and Spectralis OCT (r = 0.557, 0.571, respectively, p < 0.05). Specifically, ACA of the superior quadrant showed a low correlation between Pentacam(R) and UBM and Pentacam(R) and Spectralis OCT (r = 0.257, 0.295, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: ACD measured by UBM in the sitting position was shallower compared to the other methods; however, ACD measured by IOL Master(R), Pentacam(R), and UBM showed significant correlations among the methods. The mean ACA measured by Pentacam(R), UBM, and Spectralis OCT showed no significant differences. Due to the high correlation of ACA measurements between UBM and Spectralis OCT in the present study, UBM is expected to be a good tool for measuring anterior segment parameters.
Adult ; Anterior Chamber* ; Humans ; Microscopy, Acoustic ; Tomography, Optical Coherence