Microphthalmos is a uncommon congenital ocular anomaly and the term is justified in that in all cases the eyes are smaller than normal. Microphthalmos is classified as various forms according to degrees of developmental abnormality. The authors experienced a case of microphthalmos with a large cyst in one eye and colobomatous microphthalmos in the other eye.
Coloboma ; Microphthalmos*

Anophthalmos is a complete absence of the tissues of the eye. Embryologically, anophthalmos denotes those cases wherein there is complete failure in the outgrowth of the primary optic vesicle. When essential structures of the eye are present, the aonormality is microphthalmos, no matter how small the eye may be. Clinical anophthalmos represents the majority of cases in which the eye appears to be absent. Congenital anophthalmos is one of the rare ophthalmic anomalies, only 5 cases were reported in Korea and about 100 cases in the world. We report this case with a brief review of literatures.
Anophthalmos* ; Korea ; Microphthalmos

No abstract available.
Choanal Atresia* ; Microphthalmos*

Congenital anophthalmos is fairly rare malformation in which the eyeball is apparently absent. We experienced a 10-day-old boy, who had a congenital anophthalmos of his left eye, a microphthalmos of the other eye and short palpebral fissure of both eyes(right: 12mm, left: 5mm). The absence of left eyeball within a small orbit was confirmed by C-T scanning. We report this interesting case with a brief review of literatures.
Anophthalmos* ; Humans ; Male ; Microphthalmos ; Orbit

Congenital cryptophthalmos is very rare, according with Duke-Elder's System of Ophthalmology(Volume 3, Part 2) some 50 cases having been recorded since Zehender and Manz's(1872) original observation. I observed the congenital ocular deiermities in siblings; out of 10 siblings, 2 were affected. A 15-year old girl had cryptophthalmos unilaterally with other gross anomalies of the face. One of her brother (27-year old) had congenital microblepharon, coloboma of eyelids, microphthalmos and symblepharon bilaterally. The surgical amelioration of cryptophthalmos was attempted but it was impossible.
Adolescent ; Coloboma ; Eyelids* ; Female ; Humans ; Microphthalmos ; Siblings*

Twenty years old Korean male patient with Hallermann-Streiff syndrome who developed glaucoma is reported. The clinical features are dyscephalia with mandibulo-oculo-facial malformation, bilateral congenital cataract, dental anomalies, hypotrichosis, microphthalmia, nanism and the secondary complications. A brief review of literature is described.
Cataract ; Dwarfism ; Glaucoma ; Hallermann's Syndrome* ; Humans ; Hypotrichosis ; Male ; Microphthalmos

Amniotic constriction band is a rare clinical entity with varied manifestations that range from a combination of congenital malformations to isolated malformations that are unique to each patient. The etiology of this entity remains unknown. Herein, we highlight two cases of amniotic constriction band that presented to our unit with unique clinical characteristics. To the best of our knowledge, an isolated circumferential band of scarring on the face with ocular involvement, as demonstrated by the first case, and a combination of bilateral complete cleft lip and palate with bilateral microphthalmia, auto-amputation of the right thumb, and a constriction band on the left thumb, as demonstrated by the second case, are extremely rare presentations of amniotic constriction band that were not previously reported in the literature and therefore necessitate a special mention. We discuss potential etiologies for these cases and review the existing literature on this entity.
Cicatrix ; Cleft Lip ; Constriction* ; Humans ; Microphthalmos ; Palate ; Thumb

Microcornea is a condition characterized by a small cornea in an otherwise normal eye and can be defined when corneal diameter is less than 11.00mm. Microcornea may occur as an isolated abnormality or accompany other anterior segment anomalies like aniridia and anterior chamber cleavage abnormalities. Microcornea is part of nanophthalmos, a condition in which a reduction in global dimensions is the only structural abnormality, as well as microphthalmos, a term generally, used to signify a small, abnormal globe. Microcornea is a rare anomaly and its etiology is probably a primary aberration of the growth of the ectoderm of the optic cup. Both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive patterns of inheritance occur, but it may appear sporadically. Cornea plana is usually seen in association with microcornea wherein the corneal curvature is less than normal. It is often associated with diffuse opacities of the cornea stroma. Cornea plana might be caused by a deep developmental arrest in the fourth month, at which time the cornea begins to increase its curvature relative to the sclera. The authors experienced a case of bilateral microcornea with cornea plana in a family which seemed to transmit as the dominant trait.
Aniridia ; Anterior Chamber ; Cornea* ; Ectoderm ; Humans ; Microphthalmos ; Sclera ; Wills

Microcornea is a condition characterized by a small cornea in an otherwise normal eye and can be defined when corneal diameter is less than 11.00mm. Microcornea may occur as an isolated abnormality or accompany other anterior segment anomalies like aniridia and anterior chamber cleavage abnormalities. Microcornea is part of nanophthalmos, a condition in which a reduction in global dimensions is the only structural abnormality, as well as microphthalmos, a term generally, used to signify a small, abnormal globe. Microcornea is a rare anomaly and its etiology is probably a primary aberration of the growth of the ectoderm of the optic cup. Both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive patterns of inheritance occur, but it may appear sporadically. Cornea plana is usually seen in association with microcornea wherein the corneal curvature is less than normal. It is often associated with diffuse opacities of the cornea stroma. Cornea plana might be caused by a deep developmental arrest in the fourth month, at which time the cornea begins to increase its curvature relative to the sclera. The authors experienced a case of bilateral microcornea with cornea plana in a family which seemed to transmit as the dominant trait.
Aniridia ; Anterior Chamber ; Cornea* ; Ectoderm ; Humans ; Microphthalmos ; Sclera ; Wills

Congenital microphthalmia is a rare anomaly of the fetal orbit resulting from developmental defects of the primary optic vesicle. Chromosomal anomalies, genetic defect, infection, and prenatal drug exposure are the most common causes. Congenital microphthalmia is usually associated with other abnormalities, and cases of isolated microphthalmia are rarely reported. Congenital microphthalmia can be diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound by measuring the axial diameter of the eye ball, but the accuracy depends on fetal position and associated anomalies. We report a case of an isolated unilateral microphthalmia which was not diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound, because the only abnormal prenatal ultrasound finding was a small hyperechoic mass lesion in the eye ball and the subsequent scan of the orbits was limited due to fetal prone position. The hyperechoic mass lesion in the eye ball was finally diagnosed as a persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous with hemorrhage by neonatal magnetic resonance image.
Hemorrhage* ; Microphthalmos* ; Orbit* ; Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous ; Prone Position ; Ultrasonography*