Athletes ; Humans ; Microcirculation ; Muscles ; physiology ; Sports

Chronic wounds pose a clinical challenge. Such wounds may present all over the body although the majority appear on the lower extremities. In the main, wounds are caused by hypertension (venous or arterial), diabetes, although infection, trauma, and animal bites can result in non-healing wounds. It is vital to have a reliable diagnosis in order to plan treatment. Despite advances in diagnostics and the development of standard care packages, chronic wounds present a growing burden to all societies. One of the problems faced is the poor understanding of the pathophysiology of wounds; it is commonly accepted that microcirculation is impaired in lower extremity chronic wounds. This paper is focused on the significance and assessment of impaired microcirculation.
Diabetic Foot ; pathology ; Humans ; Microcirculation ; Wound Healing ; physiology

In this paper, we propose the construction of a fifth-order Windkessel model, and give complete mathematical solutions for this model. Utilizing the diastolic pulse wave analytical methods, we derived the parameters of the mathematical model. The parameters were further applied to estimate arterial compliance, blood flow inertia, peripheral resistance and other indices. With simulation tools we assess the validity of the model, and built a simulation circuit with the model parameters R, C and L. The model parameters were obtained from the high-order Windkessel model. The stroke volume of left ventricle is employed as the input of the simulation circuit. At the end of the circuit, the responding signal was gained. And it in turn was compared with the measured pulse waveform. The results show that the fifth-order Windkessel model is superior to the third-order Windkessel model in the pulse wave fitting and stability, and thus better reflects the role of microvessles in the circulatory system.
Algorithms ; Blood Vessels ; physiology ; Compliance ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Microcirculation ; physiology ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Stroke Volume ; physiology

We have established a digital coronary angiograph-analyzing system on the principle of coronary angiographic impulse response, and combined the system with the quantitative coronary analysis (QCA) for investigating the coronary microcirculation (Tmicro(-1)), the minimal stenotic diameter of coronary (MLD) and coronary hemodynamic parameters (mAP, CFV, Rcor) in 20 patients with coronary stenosis. The results showed the minimal stenotic diameter (MLD) and Tmicro(-1) decreased, with the increase of stenosis of proximal coronary. After successful percutaneous coronary intervention treatment, the Tmicro(-1) increased with the increase of MLD and was in linear correlation with MLD (r = 0.87, P < 0.001). In conclusion, The index Tmicro(-1) detected by coronary digital angiographic impulse response analysis system in combination with CFV and QCA would help to evaluate the level of integrated diagnosis of coronary lesion in regard to anatomy and physiology as well as to macro and microcirculation.
Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Circulation ; physiology ; Coronary Stenosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Microcirculation ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo study on the method for establishing the Qi stagnation and blood stasis rat model and analyze the affecting factors.

METHODThe orthogonal design was adopted to study the influences of joint stimulations including noise, light, electricity, ice water bath, tail-clamping on model rats. The 'flying spot' method was used to dynamically simulate blood flow velocity in microcirculation. the pressure sensing technology of MOTO was adopted to detect hemorheology-related indicators. And the coagulation method was used to detect blood coagulation-related indicators.

RESULTCompared with the negative control group, all model groups showed significant reduction in the blood flow velocity in mesenteric microcirculation and increase in the whole blood viscosity at high, medium and low shear rate, the plasma viscosity and the fibrinogen content in four blood coagulation indicators.

CONCLUSIONNoise, light, electricity, tail-clamping, bondage and icewater-bath make significant impact on model rats.

Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; physiology ; Blood Circulation ; Female ; Male ; Microcirculation ; physiology ; Models, Animal ; Phenotype ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Female ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Microcirculation ; physiology ; Rats ; Splanchnic Circulation ; physiology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood

Microcirculatory dysfunction is an important pathophysiological change of shock. In the last decade, many researches on the mechanism of microcirculatory dysfunction have been involved in areas such as the glycocalyx damage of vascular endothelial cells, macrocirculation- microcirculation discoupling, vascular hyporeactivity, and microcirculation monitoring. Accordingly, this paper discussed how these research findings can be applied to burn patients, with the aim of alerting the clinicians to improving microcirculation, and maintaining hemodynamic coordination during the treatment of burn shock and burn septic shock. In addition, with the development of accurate and reliable microcirculation monitoring techniques, it is necessary to carry out multi-center clinical trials to reveal the clinical significance of target-oriented shock resuscitation protocol combining macrocirculatory and microcirculatory parameters.
Burns/therapy* ; Endothelial Cells ; Hemodynamics/physiology* ; Humans ; Microcirculation/physiology* ; Resuscitation ; Shock ; Shock, Septic/therapy*

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has its unique therapeutic efforts on chronic prostatitis, a common disease of the adult male. This article systematically reviews several aspects below: anti-inflammation, anti-infection, anti-fibrosis, micro-circulation improvement, urodynamics improvement, immunomodulation, improvement of the pH value of prostatic fluid and percolation dynamics of prostatic drugs, adjustment of the microelement zinc, and the characteristics of TCM therapy. It also points out the gaps in recent researches and the focal points of future development.
Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Microcirculation ; Prostatitis ; immunology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Urodynamics ; Zinc ; physiology

In three isolated organs, spleen, cardiac and skeletal muscles, kinetic studies of red cell washout were carried out by using perfusion of the cell-free, oxygenated Ringer's solution. It is found that in each organ there are slow components for red cells to be emptied out from the vascular lumens ranging 30 to 50 minutes as the desaturation half-time. The slowest decay constants (K) are -1.48 X 10(-3) for spleen, -2.33 X 10(-3) for gastrocnemius muscle, and -4.0 X 10(-3) for cardiac muscle.
Animal ; Cats ; Coronary Vessels* ; Erythrocytes/physiology* ; Microcirculation ; Muscles/blood supply* ; Spleen/blood supply*

OBJECTIVETo study the microcirculation changes in the ventral prostates of rats after castration and the role of microcirculation during the apoptosis of prostatic cells.

METHODSThirty-six male adult rats were randomized to 6 groups: one was taken as the control, while the other 5 underwent measurement of the microcirculation in vivo by a D95 physiological signal acquisition system 12 h, 24 h, 72 h, 7 d and 14 d respectively after castration, and then were perfused with Chinese ink to trace the microvessels of the prostates.

RESULTSThe microcirculation of the rats'prostates changed dramatically following castration. The diameter and density of the microvessels, especially in the distant and mediate ducts of the prostates, decreased dramatically, and so did the bloodflow velocity.

CONCLUSIONThe microcirculation plays a role during the process of apoptosis of prostatic cells, and might be the mechanism of " apoptosis shift".

Animals ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Male ; Microcirculation ; Orchiectomy ; Prostate ; blood supply ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley