As a class of small non-coding RNAs, microRNA (miRNA) is widely present and plays important regulatory roles in plant growth, development and stress response. Based on the mechanism of miRNAs in plants, we review the identification of miRNAs in some genera of Orchidaceae, the specific functions of several miRNAs and other relevant studies on miRNAs in the last decade, in order to provide a reference for better understanding function and regulatory network of small RNAs in orchids.
MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Orchidaceae/genetics* ; Plants/genetics*

Head and Neck Neoplasms ; genetics ; MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of tumor. Recently, it is discovered that circulating microRNA exist stably in body fluids, such as serum/plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, urine, breast milk and so on. Circulating microRNA profiles now have been associated with different hematologic malignancy types, disease states and prognosis. They may serve as a new class of non-invasive diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, and even the potential therapeutic targets in hematologic malignancies. In this article, the circulating miRNA, existent pattern and function of circulating miRNA, and circulating miRNA and hematologic malignancies are reviewed.
Hematologic Neoplasms ; genetics ; Humans ; MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) represents a new class of endogenous, non-coding small RNA molecules that functions as gene regulator. They can repress the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level by base pairing to the 3'-untranslated region of the respective target mRNAs. miRNA plays important roles in the regulation of cell proliferation, metabolism, apoptosis and differentiation. The dysregulation of miRNA expression contributes to tumorigenesis. This review summarizes recent progress of research on the characteristics and function of miRNA, as well as the role of miRNA in multiple myeloma development, abnormal karyotype in chromosomes and drug-resistant.
Humans ; MicroRNAs ; Multiple Myeloma ; genetics

Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; genetics

Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C ; genetics ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics

Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; genetics

Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; MicroRNAs ; genetics

MicroRNAs are endogenous noncoding RNA molecules with 19-22 nucleotides in length. MicroRNAs can post-transcriptionally regulate gene and (or) protein expression by binding to their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), leading to mRNA degradation or suppression of translation. As a huge family that regulates gene expression, microRNAs has recently been shown to not only participate in the normal healing processes of wounds but also closely related to pathologic wound healing, and formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids. This review focuses on the biogenesis of microRNA and its role in wound healing.
Animals ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; Wound Healing ; genetics

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell malignancy and is the second most common hematological cancer. It is characterized by complex, recurrent genetic and epigenetic abnormalities. Recent publications have linked miRNAs, a novel class of gene regulators to cancer including MM. miRNAs are about 20 nucleotide, single strand, non-coding RNAs that repress gene expression by mRNA degradation or translational repression. Aberrant miRNA expression profiles have been described in MM, and their functional roles in MM pathogenesis are being increasingly recognized. This review summarizes the current literature on the role of miRNAs in MM and offers perspectives on future research and utilization of miRNAs in MM management.
Humans ; MicroRNAs ; physiology ; Multiple Myeloma ; genetics