As a class of small non-coding RNAs, microRNA (miRNA) is widely present and plays important regulatory roles in plant growth, development and stress response. Based on the mechanism of miRNAs in plants, we review the identification of miRNAs in some genera of Orchidaceae, the specific functions of several miRNAs and other relevant studies on miRNAs in the last decade, in order to provide a reference for better understanding function and regulatory network of small RNAs in orchids.
MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Orchidaceae/genetics* ; Plants/genetics*

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of tumor. Recently, it is discovered that circulating microRNA exist stably in body fluids, such as serum/plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, urine, breast milk and so on. Circulating microRNA profiles now have been associated with different hematologic malignancy types, disease states and prognosis. They may serve as a new class of non-invasive diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, and even the potential therapeutic targets in hematologic malignancies. In this article, the circulating miRNA, existent pattern and function of circulating miRNA, and circulating miRNA and hematologic malignancies are reviewed.
Hematologic Neoplasms ; genetics ; Humans ; MicroRNAs

Head and Neck Neoplasms ; genetics ; MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) represents a new class of endogenous, non-coding small RNA molecules that functions as gene regulator. They can repress the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level by base pairing to the 3'-untranslated region of the respective target mRNAs. miRNA plays important roles in the regulation of cell proliferation, metabolism, apoptosis and differentiation. The dysregulation of miRNA expression contributes to tumorigenesis. This review summarizes recent progress of research on the characteristics and function of miRNA, as well as the role of miRNA in multiple myeloma development, abnormal karyotype in chromosomes and drug-resistant.
Humans ; MicroRNAs ; Multiple Myeloma ; genetics

Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; MicroRNAs ; genetics

Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C ; genetics ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics

Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; genetics

Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; genetics

Circular RNA(circRNA)is a novel type of endogenous non-coding RNA.Most circRNAs act as microRNA(miRNA)sponges to regulate the expression of functional genes.In addition,some circRNAs can be translated and interact with RNA-binding proteins to perform biological functions.The expression of circRNAs is prevalent in tissues and body fluids,and their abnormal expression is related to tumor progression.circRNAs are stable even under the treatment of RNase R because of their circular conformation.As circRNAs have construct stability,wide variety,specific regulation of tumor progression and high expression in body fluids,it is potential for circRNAs to serve as candidate diagnostic,prognostic and therapeutic targets.However,the knowledge about circRNAs remains poor.In addition to the not completely resolved functions and generation mechanisms of circRNAs,the annotations of circRNAs are also waiting for expanding.Here,we review the generation mechanisms,biological functions,and application of circRNAs in tumor research,aiming to provide integrated information for the future research.
Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics* ; MicroRNAs ; Prognosis ; RNA, Circular

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the regulatory effect of miRNA-29a-3p (miR-29a-3p ) on hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF), and its influences on the proliferation and apoptosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell line E6-1. METHODS: Thirty-five patients with ALL treated in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were selected as research objects, and 35 adults who underwent physical examination in the same period were selected as healthy control group. The miR-29a-3p overexpression vector, miR-29a-3p inhibitory expression vector, and miR-29a-3p and HDGF co-overexpression vector were transfected into E6-1 cells. The expression levels of miR-29a-3p and HDGF mRNA were detected by RT-qPCR. The expression of protein was detected by Western blot. The targeting relationship between miR-29a-3p and HDGF was detected by dual luciferase reporter assay. The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method, while apoptosis detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Compared with healthy control group, HDGF was highly expressed in serum of patients with ALL and leukemia cells HuT 78, E6-1, CCRF-CEM, while miR-29a-3p was low expressed (P<0.05). After overexpression of miR-29a-3p , the expression levels of CyclinD1 and Bcl-2 in leukemia cells E6-1 were significantly reduced, while the expression levels of p21 and Bax were significantly increased (P<0.05). The activity of E6-1 cells was also significantly reduced, while the apoptosis rate of E6-1 cells was significantly increased (P<0.05). miR-29a-3p could target and regulate the expression of HDGF, while overexpression of HDGF reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-29a-3p overexpression on the proliferation and promotion effect on the apoptosis of leukemia cells E6-1. CONCLUSION Overexpression of miR-29a-3p can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of ALL cells E6-1, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of HDGF expression.
Humans ; Apoptosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Leukemia ; MicroRNAs/genetics*