Long-term follow-up of untreated patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) indicates that, with the exception of some extremely severe cases, AIS does not have a significant impact on quality of life and does not result in dire consequences. In view of the relatively benign nature of AIS and the long-term complications of surgery, the indications for treatment should be reviewed. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that scoliosis-specific exercises focusing on postural rehabilitation can positively influence the spinal curvatures in growing adolescents. Experiential postural re-education is a conservative, non-invasive approach, and its role in the management of AIS warrants further study. This article reviews current evidence for the inclusion of various forms of postural reeducation in the management of AIS. Recent comprehensive reviews have been researched including a manual and PubMed search for evidence regarding the effectiveness of physical/postural re-education/physiotherapy programs in growing AIS patients. This search revealed that there were few studies on the application of postural re-education in the management of AIS. These studies revealed that postural re-education in the form of exercise rehabilitation programs may have a positive influence on scoliosis; however, the various programs were difficult to compare. More research is necessary. There is at present Level 1 evidence for the effectiveness of Schroth scoliosis exercises in the management of AIS. Whether this evidence can be extrapolated to include other forms of scoliosis- pattern-specific exercises requires further investigation. Because corrective postures theoretically reduce the asymmetric loading of the spinal deformities and reverse the vicious cycle of spinal curvature progression, their integration into AIS programs may be beneficial and should be further examined.
Adolescent* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Exercise ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Posture ; Quality of Life ; Rehabilitation* ; Scoliosis* ; Spinal Curvatures

Purpose: Pott’s puffy tumor (PPT), characterized by frontal bone osteomyelitis and subperiosteal abscess, typically arises as a complication of head trauma or frontal sinusitis and is associated with diverse triggers. Since 2001, PPT, previously considered rare in the pediatric population, has been increasingly reported, underscoring heightened recognition. By outlining specific protocols and guidelines, a clinical pathway (CP) facilitates rapid identification and treatment of PPT. Methods: We reviewed 11 cases of PPT in patients aged 0 to 18 years who were either hospitalized or discharged from 2 large hospitals in South Florida, United States, from January 31, 2016 through February 1, 2019. This multicenter retrospective case review was complemented by a comprehensive literature review. Additionally, the study team proposed a diagnostic CP tailored for the emergency department setting. Variables of interest included demographic data, clinical presentation, imaging studies, medical and surgical management details, laboratory/microbiological data, and clinical outcomes. Results: A total of 11 patients with PPT were identified, of whom 8 and 7 were boys and African Americans, respectively. The common symptoms were fever, headache, and frontal edema. All patients underwent antibiotic therapy for 6-8 weeks, as well as both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The imaging studies showed intracranial complications in the 10 patients such as epidural abscess, which were caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus pyogenes, Eikenella spp., and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. The 10 patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgeries, with 6 of them also doing craniotomies. No mortality or sequelae was reported. Conclusion This study contributes to the growing body of literature on PPT, shedding light on its evolving epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management strategies while emphasizing the pivotal role of emergency physicians for optimal outcomes. The proposed CP aims to establish a standard of care that can be adopted across various pediatric emergency departments.

Purpose: Pott’s puffy tumor (PPT), characterized by frontal bone osteomyelitis and subperiosteal abscess, typically arises as a complication of head trauma or frontal sinusitis and is associated with diverse triggers. Since 2001, PPT, previously considered rare in the pediatric population, has been increasingly reported, underscoring heightened recognition. By outlining specific protocols and guidelines, a clinical pathway (CP) facilitates rapid identification and treatment of PPT. Methods: We reviewed 11 cases of PPT in patients aged 0 to 18 years who were either hospitalized or discharged from 2 large hospitals in South Florida, United States, from January 31, 2016 through February 1, 2019. This multicenter retrospective case review was complemented by a comprehensive literature review. Additionally, the study team proposed a diagnostic CP tailored for the emergency department setting. Variables of interest included demographic data, clinical presentation, imaging studies, medical and surgical management details, laboratory/microbiological data, and clinical outcomes. Results: A total of 11 patients with PPT were identified, of whom 8 and 7 were boys and African Americans, respectively. The common symptoms were fever, headache, and frontal edema. All patients underwent antibiotic therapy for 6-8 weeks, as well as both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The imaging studies showed intracranial complications in the 10 patients such as epidural abscess, which were caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus pyogenes, Eikenella spp., and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. The 10 patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgeries, with 6 of them also doing craniotomies. No mortality or sequelae was reported. Conclusion This study contributes to the growing body of literature on PPT, shedding light on its evolving epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management strategies while emphasizing the pivotal role of emergency physicians for optimal outcomes. The proposed CP aims to establish a standard of care that can be adopted across various pediatric emergency departments.

Purpose: Pott’s puffy tumor (PPT), characterized by frontal bone osteomyelitis and subperiosteal abscess, typically arises as a complication of head trauma or frontal sinusitis and is associated with diverse triggers. Since 2001, PPT, previously considered rare in the pediatric population, has been increasingly reported, underscoring heightened recognition. By outlining specific protocols and guidelines, a clinical pathway (CP) facilitates rapid identification and treatment of PPT. Methods: We reviewed 11 cases of PPT in patients aged 0 to 18 years who were either hospitalized or discharged from 2 large hospitals in South Florida, United States, from January 31, 2016 through February 1, 2019. This multicenter retrospective case review was complemented by a comprehensive literature review. Additionally, the study team proposed a diagnostic CP tailored for the emergency department setting. Variables of interest included demographic data, clinical presentation, imaging studies, medical and surgical management details, laboratory/microbiological data, and clinical outcomes. Results: A total of 11 patients with PPT were identified, of whom 8 and 7 were boys and African Americans, respectively. The common symptoms were fever, headache, and frontal edema. All patients underwent antibiotic therapy for 6-8 weeks, as well as both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The imaging studies showed intracranial complications in the 10 patients such as epidural abscess, which were caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus pyogenes, Eikenella spp., and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. The 10 patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgeries, with 6 of them also doing craniotomies. No mortality or sequelae was reported. Conclusion This study contributes to the growing body of literature on PPT, shedding light on its evolving epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management strategies while emphasizing the pivotal role of emergency physicians for optimal outcomes. The proposed CP aims to establish a standard of care that can be adopted across various pediatric emergency departments.

Purpose: Pott’s puffy tumor (PPT), characterized by frontal bone osteomyelitis and subperiosteal abscess, typically arises as a complication of head trauma or frontal sinusitis and is associated with diverse triggers. Since 2001, PPT, previously considered rare in the pediatric population, has been increasingly reported, underscoring heightened recognition. By outlining specific protocols and guidelines, a clinical pathway (CP) facilitates rapid identification and treatment of PPT. Methods: We reviewed 11 cases of PPT in patients aged 0 to 18 years who were either hospitalized or discharged from 2 large hospitals in South Florida, United States, from January 31, 2016 through February 1, 2019. This multicenter retrospective case review was complemented by a comprehensive literature review. Additionally, the study team proposed a diagnostic CP tailored for the emergency department setting. Variables of interest included demographic data, clinical presentation, imaging studies, medical and surgical management details, laboratory/microbiological data, and clinical outcomes. Results: A total of 11 patients with PPT were identified, of whom 8 and 7 were boys and African Americans, respectively. The common symptoms were fever, headache, and frontal edema. All patients underwent antibiotic therapy for 6-8 weeks, as well as both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The imaging studies showed intracranial complications in the 10 patients such as epidural abscess, which were caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus pyogenes, Eikenella spp., and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. The 10 patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgeries, with 6 of them also doing craniotomies. No mortality or sequelae was reported. Conclusion This study contributes to the growing body of literature on PPT, shedding light on its evolving epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management strategies while emphasizing the pivotal role of emergency physicians for optimal outcomes. The proposed CP aims to establish a standard of care that can be adopted across various pediatric emergency departments.

Purpose: Pott’s puffy tumor (PPT), characterized by frontal bone osteomyelitis and subperiosteal abscess, typically arises as a complication of head trauma or frontal sinusitis and is associated with diverse triggers. Since 2001, PPT, previously considered rare in the pediatric population, has been increasingly reported, underscoring heightened recognition. By outlining specific protocols and guidelines, a clinical pathway (CP) facilitates rapid identification and treatment of PPT. Methods: We reviewed 11 cases of PPT in patients aged 0 to 18 years who were either hospitalized or discharged from 2 large hospitals in South Florida, United States, from January 31, 2016 through February 1, 2019. This multicenter retrospective case review was complemented by a comprehensive literature review. Additionally, the study team proposed a diagnostic CP tailored for the emergency department setting. Variables of interest included demographic data, clinical presentation, imaging studies, medical and surgical management details, laboratory/microbiological data, and clinical outcomes. Results: A total of 11 patients with PPT were identified, of whom 8 and 7 were boys and African Americans, respectively. The common symptoms were fever, headache, and frontal edema. All patients underwent antibiotic therapy for 6-8 weeks, as well as both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The imaging studies showed intracranial complications in the 10 patients such as epidural abscess, which were caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus pyogenes, Eikenella spp., and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. The 10 patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgeries, with 6 of them also doing craniotomies. No mortality or sequelae was reported. Conclusion This study contributes to the growing body of literature on PPT, shedding light on its evolving epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management strategies while emphasizing the pivotal role of emergency physicians for optimal outcomes. The proposed CP aims to establish a standard of care that can be adopted across various pediatric emergency departments.

No abstract available.
Blood Transfusion*