No abstract available.
Animals ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Hepatitis A* ; Hepatitis* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Langerhans Cells* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H*

This study was undertaken to investigate the change of ear swelling response (ESR) of the mice according to repetitive ultraviolet radiation. 100mJ/crn of UVB was irradiated daily for 4 weeks, and a total of 25 C57BL mice were used as subjects. The results were as follows : 1. After 1 day, 2 days and 3 days irradiation of UVB, ESR reached 21.3+/-1.5, 22.3+/-1.1 and 24.3+/-1.6 respectively with increasing tendency, but there was no statistical significance (Wilcoxon rank sum test p>0.05). 2. ESR reached at maximum, 78.0+/-1.8, after 1 week(p<0.01), thereafter ESR decreased gradually with reparative process. 3. Inspite of continued irradiation, ESR decreased gradually after 2 weeks. After 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 4 weeks irradiation, ESR decreased to 51.6+/-11.8, 45.1+/- 3.3 and 42.8+/-6.8 respectively, but, there were still increment of ESR (p<0.01).
Animals ; Ear* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL* ; Skin*

Background: Continuation of previous study of screening traditional medicinal plants with anti-diabetic effect, the hypoglycemic effect of glue extracted from Fructus Lycii which was named HPD was study. Objective: to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of HPD on diabetic mice caused by different doses of streptozocine. Subjects and methods: causing diabetes by streptozocine at difference doses was used to collect glucose intolerance mice, mild diabetic mice and severe diabetic mice. The effect of HPD p.o. at several doses was evaluated after 3 days of use. Results: By oral allocation with the dose of 500 and 1.000mg/kg body-weight for 3 days, HPD inhibited increasing blood glucose in streptozocine-induced glucose intolerance mice (intraperitoneal STZ 100 mg/kg). HPD 1000 mg/kg body weight had the potent hypoglycemic effect on streptozocine-induced diabetic mice, reverse the blood glucose self control ability of mild streptozicine-induced diabetic mice (STZ 120 mg/kg), meanwhile can not stop a hyperglycemic effect of high dose of STZ (STZ 180 mg/kg). Conclusion: HPD has the potent anti-hyperglycemic effect on streptozocine -induced diabetic rats. Anti-hyperglycemic of HPD is indirect under present of insulin\r\n', u'\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Cornus ; Mice ; Inbred NOD ; Streptozocine ;

In our previous study, normal and fertile mice were successful produced from oocytes following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). In the present study, the possibility of producing transgenic embryos and offspring with this procedure was evaluated. After freezing-thawed once using HEPES-CZB medium without cryoprotectants, the cauda sperm from KM fertile male were exposed to the circular or linear pEGFP-N1 DNA for 1 min and then co-injected into metaphase II oocytes of B6D2F1 strain. When the zygotes with two pronuclei were cultured in CZB medium to day 3.5, 39.1% (9/23) of them, derived from oocytes co-injected with sperm head and pEGFP-N1 plasmid DNA, were expressed GFP protein. After transfer of the ICSI embryos with two pronuclei from co-injection of sperm head and foreign DNA, seven recipients delivered 30 pups (23.8%, 30/126). Southern blot results revealed that three of sixteen offspring integrated with GFP and neomycin genes together (18.8 %). Interestingly, all of them were produced from oocytes co-injected sperm head and linear DNA (33.3%, 3/9), while none of seven ICSI offspring integrated either GFP or neomycin gene in the group of co-injection of sperm head and circular plasmid DNA. These results indicated that the high efficiency of transgenic mouse could be produced by ICSI. It may be shown that linear DNA is more easily to integrate into host genome than circular DNA when ICSI was used to produce transgenic animals.
Animals ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred DBA ; Mice, Transgenic ; genetics ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; methods

This study aimed to explore the characteristics and the influencing factors of Qingkailing injection (QKLI) pseudoallergic reaction, and screen out the possible pseudoallergenic substances. The results showed that ICR and Kunming mice had stronger pseudoallergic reactions than BALB/c and C57 mice after being injected with the same dose of QKLI. The pseudoallergic reaction induced by QKLI that was prepared with 0.9% saline was stronger than that prepared with 5% glucose. When the dose was twice of the clinical dose, some batches of QKLI could cause significant or suspected pseudoallergic reactions; when the dose dropped to clinically equal times, all of the batches did not induce pseudoallergic reactions in mice. Different batches of QKLI induced different pseudoallergic reactions in mice. Therefore, QKLI's pseudoallergic reactions might have a certain relationship with different body constitutions. Different solvents might affect the safety of QKLI. QKIL-induced pseudoallergic reactions had the different characteristics between batches, and the dosage should be strictly controlled in clinical use. After the comparison of pseudoallergic reactions induced by different components and different intermediates of QKLI in mice, it was preliminary believed that pseudoallergenic substances might exist in intermediate Isatidis Radix extracts and Gardenia extracts, but specific pseudoallergens shall be furthered studied in subsequent experiences.
Animals ; Drug Hypersensitivity ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Injections ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred ICR

A method was proposed for the detection of outliers and influential observations in the framework of a mixed linear model, prior to the quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis. We investigated the impact of outliers on QTL mapping for complex traits in a mouse BXD population, and observed that the dropping of outliers could provide the evidence of additional QTL and epistatic loci affecting the 1stBrain-OB and the 2ndBrain-OB in a cross of the abovementioned population. The results could also reveal a remarkable increase in estimating heritabilities of QTL in the absence of outliers. In addition, simulations were conducted to investigate the detection powers and false discovery rates (FDRs) of QTLs in the presence and absence of outliers. The results suggested that the presence of a small proportion of outliers could increase the FDR and hence decrease the detection power of QTLs. A drastic increase could be obtained in the estimates of standard errors for position, additive and additivex environment interaction effects of QTLs in the presence of outliers.
Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; methods ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred DBA ; Quantitative Trait Loci

OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of tetramethylpyrazine on immune-mediated bone marrow failure (BMF) induced by different doses of X-ray exposure in C57 mice. METHODS: C57BL6 mice were randomized into 4 groups, including a blank control group and 3 X-ray exposure groups with X-ray exposure at low (5.0 Gy), moderate (5.75 Gy), and high (6.5 Gy) doses. After total body irradiation with 0.98 Gy/min X-ray. The mice as recipient received injections of 4×10 lymphocytes from DBA/2 mice via the tail vein within 4 h. The survival rate of the recipient mice, peripheral blood cell counts, bone marrow nucleated cell count, and bone marrow pathology were examined at 14 days after the exposure. In the subsequent experiment, C57 mice were exposed to 5.0 Gy X-ray and treated with intraperitoneal injection of tetramethylpyrazine at the low (5 mg/mL), moderate (10 mg/mL), or high (20 mg/mL) doses (12 mice in each group) for 14 consecutive days, and the changes in BMF were observed. RESULTS: X-ray exposure, especially at the high dose, resulted in significantly lowered survival rate in the mouse models of BMF at 14 days. As the X-ray dose increased, the mice showed significantly reduced peripheral blood counts of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and lowered bone marrow nucleated cell counts with obvious bone marrow congestion and reduction of nucleated cells ( < 0.05 or 0.001). In the mice exposed to 5.0 Gy X-ray, tetramethylpyrazine at the high dose most obviously increased bone marrow nucleated cells ( < 0.01) and red blood cells ( < 0.001), and even at the low dose, tetramethylpyrazine significantly increased the counts of white blood cells ( < 0.05) and platelets ( < 0.01) following the exposure. Tetramethylpyrazine dose-dependently alleviated bone marrow hyperemia, increased bone marrow nucleated cell counts, and lowered Fas protein expression in the bone marrow. CONCLUSIONS X-ray irradiation at 5.0 Gy is suitable for establish mouse models of immune-mediated BMF. Tetramethylpyrazine promotes bone marrow repair by regulating Fas cell apoptosis signals, which further expands the traditional Chinese medicine theory of "removing blood stasis to create new."
Animals ; Bone Marrow ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred DBA ; Pyrazines ; Whole-Body Irradiation

This study was undertaken to investigate the recovery of epidermal Langerhans cells in relation to time after UVA irradiation through different amounts and ways of exposure in CH mice. We irradiated the ears of C2H mice with UVA 200J/cm2 and 400J/cm2 in a single dose at one time or 5 fractionated doses for 5 days and performed biopsies on the ears of the control and experimental groups after 2, 7, 14, 21days of irradiation and stained them with immunoperoxidase method. The results are summarized as follows, l. We observed a significant decrease in the number of the Ia-positive epidermal Langerhans cells in the single-dose-exposed group compared to the fractionated- dose-exposed group on 7th and 14th days irradiated with UVA 200J/cm. 2. There was no significant difference in the change in the number of the Ia- positive epidermal Langerhans cells until 21 days of exposure between the single- dose-exposed group and the fractionated-dose-exposed group irradiated with UVA 400 J/cm 3. In the group irradiated with UVA 2003/cm, the reduced number of the Ia-positive epidermal Langerhans cells returned to normal on the 14th day after irradiation in the fractionated-dose-exposed group and on the 21st day in the single- dose-exposed group. In the group irradiated with 400J/cm, the number returned to normal on the 21st day of irradition both in the fractionated-dose-exposed group and in the single-dose-exposed group.
Animals ; Biopsy ; Ear ; Langerhans Cells* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H*