Objective To explore the affection and related factors of risperidone on the metabolic indexes in schizophrenia patients.Methods 56 cases hospitalized schizophrenia patients were treated with risperidone for 16 weeks.Waistline,blood glucose and blood lipid,blood pressure and other indicators were observed before and after treatment,risk factors that caused metabolic syndrome (MS) and abnormal indexes were analyzed,and 36 healthy persons as control group.Results The rate of MS in patient group was obviously higher than that in control group ( 12.50％ vs 0％,P =0.026).Waistline,triglyceride ( TG),high density lipoprotein ( HDL-C ),and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose (2hPG) in patient group ( (4.15 ± 3.14)cm in man and (4.41 ± 2.86)cm in woman,(0.26 ±0.51 ) mmol/L,(-0.09 ±0.19) mmol/L,(0.49 ±0.84) mmol/L) increased compared with that in control group ( ( 0.76 ± 1.09 ) cm in man and ( 0.64 ± 0.81 ) cm in woman,( 0.04 ± 0.15 ) mmol/L,(-0.01 ± 0.12)mmol/L,(0.04 ± 0.35 ) mmol/L) at the 16th weekend,and difference was significantly (P ＜ 0.05 ).Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors were family history of diabetes Odds Ratio (OR) 20.34 (95％ CI 1.97 ～210) and age OR 1.19(95％CI 1.03 ～ 1.38),the basis waistline OR 1.26 (95％ CI 1.04 ～ 1.52) and family history of obesity OR 4.27(95％ CI 1.21 ～ 15.1 ),the basis TG OR 73.88 (95％ CI 3.41 ～ 16.01 ) and the basis systolic pressure OR 1.16 (95％ CI 1.00 ～ 1.33 ),the basis waistline OR 1.41 (95 ％ CI 1.08 ～ 1.84 ) and age OR 1.53 (95％ CI 1.02 ～ 1.31 ) in developed MS,abnormal rate of waistline,TG,and 2hPG.Conclusion Risperidone can cause abdominal obesity,metabolic disorders of glucose and lipid even MS.So it shoud be used carefully for the patient who is old and has family history of diabetes and obesity posture.

To explore the kinetics of LBP/CD14 system in patients with hemodialysis, and further to analyse its role in (he development of systemic inflammation response based on the changes of plasma endotaxin, TNF and IL-6 levels in patients with uremia treated with hemodilysis. Methods Sixteen patients with end-stage renal failure (8 cases with hemodialysis, 8 cses without hemodialysis) were selected for this study. limulus amebocyte lysate chromogenic assay, ELISA and cell in situ hybridization were used to determine the changes in endotoxin, LBP, TNF and IL-6 levels in plasma, and expression of CD14 mRNA in the monocytes. Results (l)Plasma LBP levels in patients with hemodialysis were significantly higher than those in patients without hemodialysis. The expression of CD14 mRNA in the monocytes in patients with hemodialysis was also more obvious. Both of them incresed much more in hemodialysis. (2)Plasma endotoxin levels in patients with hemodialysis, though being significantly higher than in patients without hemodialysis, were in low-level (61.7 ? 10.6 pg/ml). (3) Plasma TNF and IL-6 levels were markedly increased in patients with hemodialysis, which were significantly correlated with plasma LBP levels. Conclusion LBP/CD14 system in patients with hemodialysis is markedly up-regulated, which might be the important mechanism for low-level endotoxemia to exert its effects in hemodialysis.

AIM: To investigate the role of nuclear factor- κB (NF- κB) in the expression of monocyte chemoatractant protein- 1 (MCP- 1) in human mesangial cells (HMCs) induced by oxidized low- density lipoprotein (Ox- LDL).METHODS: HMCs were used as target cells. Inhibitory κBα (IκBα) and MCP- 1 protein level was measured by cell ELISA.Activities of transcriptional factors NF- κB were determined by electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the translocation of Rel p65. RESULTS: NF - κB DNA - binding activation in MCs was observed when 10-100 mg/L Ox - LDL was added to the medium, and 50 mg/L Ox - LDL caused the strongest effect (8.50 ± 1.14, P ＜ 0.01vs control; P ＜ 0.05 vs 10, 25 and 100 mg/L Ox - LDL). The most optimal stimulation time was 60 min ( 11.0 ± 2.11, P ＜0.01 vs control; P ＜ 0.05 vs 30 min or 240 min). IκBα protein level in MC dropped down most obviously after 60 min incubation with 50 mg/L Ox - LDL (0.050 ± 0.006, n = 5, P ＜ 0.01 vs control), while MCP- 1 expression level was the highest (0.331± 0.016, n = 5, P ＜ 0.01 vs control). The translocation of Rel p65 from cytoplasm to nucleus was detected too. NF - κB inhibitor pyrroledithiocarbomate (PDTC) could inhibit these effects induced by Ox- DL. CONCLUSION: Activation of NF- κB regulate the expression of MCP- 1 in HMCs induced by Ox - LDL.

AIM: To investigate the role of nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B) in the expression of monocyte chemoatractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in human mesangial cells (HMCs) induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL). METHODS: HMCs were used as target cells. Inhibitory ?B? (I?B?) and MCP-1 protein level was measured by cell ELISA. Activities of transcriptional factors NF-?B were determined by electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the translocation of Rel p65. RESULTS: NF-?B DNA-binding activation in MCs was observed when 10-100 mg/L Ox-LDL was added to the medium, and 50 mg/L Ox-LDL caused the strongest effect (8.50?1.14, P