Objective To study the correlation of artery stiffness with left ventricular remodeling and cardiac function in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients .Methods Four hundred and eighty patients were divided into CHD group (n=373) and non-CHD group(n=107)according to their coronary angiography .Patients in CHD group were further divided into normal left ventricular re-modeling group (n=139) and abnormal left ventricular remodeling group (n=243) .Their brachi-al-ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV ) was measured .The patients underwent echocardiography and 42 patients in CHD group received Doppler tissue imaging .Results The BaPWV was signifi-cantly higher in CHD group than in non-CHD group (P<0 .01) and in abnormal left ventricular remodeling group than in normal left ventricular remodeling group (1689 ± 305 cm/s vs 1508 ± 280 cm/s ,P< 0 .05) .The BaPWV was positively related with the IVST ,PWT ,RWT ,LVMI ,E/Ea and negatively related with the LVEF ,Ea ,Ea/Aa in CHD group (P<0 .05 ,P<0 .01) .Partial cor-relation analysis showed that the BaPWV was significantly related with the IVST ,PWT ,RWT , LVMI ,LVEF ,Ea ,Ea/Aa and E/Ea when the effect of hypertension ,etc ,was excluded (P<0.01) .Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the BaPWV was an independent factor for LVMI and LVEF .Conclusion BaPWV is an independent factor for left ventricular remodeling and cardiac function in CHD patients .

ObjectiveTo survey and analyze the changes of dental medical students' concerns before and after their internship in order to provide practical evidences for intern orientation and junior students education.MethodsAnonymous questionnaires were designed with single choice and multiple-choices and were accomplished by 175 dental medical students of different grades to investigate their' concerns before and after the clinical internship and choices for future employment.Results 47％ freshmen,43％ junior,45％ graduates were willing to work in dental restoration field,30％sophomore and 39％ senior were willing to work in orthodontics field.Before the internship,the most concem of 97％ students was the teaching quality of the practice hospital; 67％ students worried that patients may unsatisfy with the treatment.After the internship,the quality of the practice hospital was considered most important by 79％ students; 51％ students worried that internship may influence the postgraduate entrance exam.ConclusionTeachers should strengthen their self-cultivation and cope with the key concerns before the practice based on the investigation and survey after the practice.Meanwhile teacher should provide employment guidance for students based on students' interests and practice skill ability,encourage them to broaden their horizon and pay attention to the long-term interests in an aim to pave the way for future employment.

OBJECTIVE:To study the inhibitory effects of ampelopsin sodium (AMP-Na) combined with carboplatin on the proliferation of Lewis cell of lung cancer. METHODS:6.25,12.5,25,50 and 100 μg/ml AMP-Na and 3.125,6.25,12.5,25 and 50 μg/ml carboplatin were used to culture the cells for 4 h,and the cell viability was determined and the inhibition rate and half in-hibition concentration(IC50)were calculated. 12.5,25,50 and 100 μg/ml AMP-Na and 12.5 μg/ml carboplatin were used to culture the cells for 12 h,and the flow cytometry was used to determine the expression of Caspase-3. RESULTS:AMP-Na with serial con-centrations combined with carboplatin with serial concentrations had obvious inhibitory effects on the cell proliferation. With the in-crease of mass concentration,the IC50 of carboplatin on the Lewis cells was gradually decreased;when the AMP-Na of 6.25-50μg/ml was combined with carboplatin of 3.125-25 μg/ml,it showed the strongest inhibitory effects on the Lewis cell proliferation. When cells were cultured with AMP-Na and carboplatin for 24 h,the expression of Caspase-3 increased significantly. CONCLU-SIONS:AMP-Na combined with carboplatin has synergistic inhibitory effect on the Lewis cell proliferation by a mechanism that may be related to the apoptosis induced by Caspase-3 activated by AMP-Na.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have confirmed the presence of bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine
monophosphate signaling pathway in Streptococcus mutans, which construct the streptococcus mutans gcp gene knockout strains.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the gene expression differences between Streptococcus mutans wild strains and gcp mutant strains, and to screen the biofilm-related genes from them for the fol ow-up study.
METHODS:The total RNA of two kinds of strains were extracted and stained with cy3 and cy5 respectively after reverse transcription. The gene chip was scanned after hybridization and the differential gene were obtained
through the data analysis. The different expression genes were verified by real-time PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Differential genes were mainly relative about glucose metabolism and biofilm formation. We selected two genes for real-time PCR verification. The PCR results were consistent with the
microarray results. After Streptococcus mutans gcp gene knockout, the gene expressions of gcp mutant strains were upregulated and the gene expressions of phosphotransferase system were downregulated, this result
suggested that two different genes were related with the c-di-GMP signal pathway downstream.

Aim To investigate the effects of PLCε on the invasion and migration of human osteosarcoma cancer cells U2OS. Methods RNA interference ( RNAi) was used to inhibit PLCεexpression, and the proliferation of cancer cells was measured by CCK-8 assay. The migration of the cells was measured by scratch wound healing assay and migration chamber as-say. Gelatin zymography was performed to measure the MMP2 activities in U2OS cells. Results PLCε ex-pression was suppressed by siRNA. CCK-8 assay showed that PLCε had no effect on the proliferation of cancer cells. PLCε knockdown inhibited cell invasion and activities of MMP2 . Conclusion PLCε knock-down can inhibit the migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma cancer cells U2OS.

5-Flucytosine (5-FC) could be changed to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by cytosine deaminase (CD), the latter is able to kill cancer cells. However, there is no efficient method to deliver the CD gene into the tumor cells, which hampers the application of the suicide gene system. In this experiment, for the first time, the NDV has been utilized as a vector to deliver the CD gene into the cancer cells, the virus can infect the cancer cells specifically, replicate and assemble, while the cytosine deaminase is expressed. Then the CD converts the prodrug 5-FC into 5-FU to achieve the purpose of inhibiting tumor. Firstly, the whole genome of E. coli JM109 was extracted, and the CD gene was obtained by cloning method. Then the CD and IRES-EGFP were ligated into the pEE12.4 expression vector to become a recombinant pEE12.4IE-CD eukaryotic expression plasmid. The human liver cancer cells were transfected with the plasmid. The cells were treated with different concentrations of 5-FC, MTT method was used to determine the killing effect of CD/5-FC system on the human liver cancer cells. The cell deaths were 18.07%, 42.98% and 62.20% respectively when the concentrations of prodrug were at 10, 20 and 30 mmol x L(-1). In 5-FC acute toxicity experiment, Kunming mice were injected with different concentrations of 5-FC at intervals of 1:0.5. The LD50 of 5-FC through iv injection was determined by improved Karber's method, the LD50 was 507 mg x kg(-1) and the 95% confidence limit was 374-695 mg x kg(-1). According to the maximum LD0 dose of the LD50, the maximum safe dose was 200 mg x kg(-1). Body weight and clinic symptoms of the experimental animals were observed. These results laid the foundation to verify the antitumor effect and safety of CD/5-FC system in animal models. The CD gene was ligated into the NDV (rClone30) carrier, then the tumor-bearing animal was established to perform the tumor inhibiting experiment. The result showed that the recombinant rClone30-CD/5-FC system has a high antitumor activity in vivo. To summarize, CD gene has been cloned and its bioactivity has been confirmed in the mammalian cells. It is the first time in this study to utilize the recombinant NDV to deliver the CD gene into the tumor cells; our result proves the rClone30-CD/5-FC system is a potential method for cancer therapy.

Background The pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) might be related with oxidative stress and its mechanism has not been fully elucidated.Grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts (GSPE),a powerful antioxidant,plays roles in some systemic diseases.However,the effect and mechanism of GSPE in DR has not been illuminated clearly.Objective This study was to investigate whether GSPE has a protective effect on the retinas of diabetic subjects and explore its mechanism.Methods Thirty SPF adult Wistar rats were divided into the control group,diabetic group and diabetes + GSPE group according to the randomized number table.Diabetic models were induced by intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg strebtozotocin (STZ) prepared with citrate buffer,and only the equal amount of citrate buffer was used in the same way in the control group.GSPE solution was intragastrally used 250 mg/kg daily in the rats of the diabetes+GSPE group from injective day through 8 weeks,and distilled water was used in the same way in the rats of the control and diabetic groups.The rats were sacrificed in the eighth week after injection and the retinas were isolated.The morphology of the retina were examined by hematoxylin and eosin stain.Retinal homogenatewas prepared for the assay of superoxide dismutase (SOD),glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and malonaldehyde (MDA) content.The expressions and location of nuclear erythroid related factor 2 (Nrf2) was determined by immunochemistry,and the expressions of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were quantitatively analyzed by Western blot.The apoptosis of retinal cells was detected by TUNEL.Results In the eighth week after modeling,the blood glucose levels were significantly higher and the body weight was lower in the rats of the diabetic group and diabetes+GSPE group compared with the control group (all at P＜0.01).Retinal structure was normal in the rats of the control group.However,loose tissue,irregular arrangement of cells and thickness decrease of retinal fiber layer,retinal ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer were exhibited in the rats of the diabetic group,while the morphology abnormality was slight in the rats of the diabetes+GSPE group.The SOD and GSH-Px activities and MDA content were significantly different among the 3 groups (F =11.010,P =0.001 ; F =12.072,P =0.000 ; F =25.224,P=0.000),and activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the retinas were significantly lower,and the MDA level was higher in the rats of diabetic group than those of the diabetes+GSPE group and the control group (all at P＜0.01).The relative expressing levels of Nrf2 were (165.5±29.4) ％ and (134.8 ±7.8) ％ in the diabetes+ GSPE group and diabetic group,with a significant difference between them (t=2.450,P=0.044).Compared with the diabetic group,the expressing level of the HO-1 was sigficantly increased ([170.2±22.0)％ versus [125.3±9.2] ％,t =2.360,P =0.002).TUNEL showed that the retinal apoptotic cells of diabetic rats were mainly located in the retinal fiber layer,RGCs layer,inner and outer nuclear layer,and the number of apoptotic cells was less in the diabetes+GSPE group compared with the diabetic group under the fluorescence microscope.Conclusions GSPE can play a protective role on diabetic rats by activating Nrf2 pathway and therefore improving retinal oxidative stress and decreasing apoptosis.

Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages of smear immunohistochemistry and biopsy of bone marrow in the detection of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) infiltration. Methods 60 newly diagnosed patients with NHL were collected. Smear immunohistochemistry and biopsy of bone marrow were applied to detect bone marrow involvement in those patients. The relations between the results of two detection methods and the relevant clinical characteristics, such as age, blood routine examination, lactic dehydrogenase, extensive infiltration, B symptom, performance status, clinical stage and so on were analyzed. Results Positive rate of bone marrow involvement in bone marrow smear immunohistochemistry group was higher than that in bone marrow biopsy group [10.0 % (6/60) vs. 3.3 % (2/60), P=0.008]. When detection on B cell infiltration, positive rates were 6.6 % (4/60) and 3.3 % (2/60) in smear immunohisto chemistry group and biopsy group, respectively (P=0.007), and when detection on T cell infiltration, the positive rates were 3.3%(2/60) and 0 (0/60), respectively. Furthermore, two detection method was not correlated with related clinical characteristics, such as bone marrow biopsy, immunohistochemistry, gender, age, Karnofsky score, B symptom, extranodal involvement, lactic dehydrogenase, thrombocyte, Hb, neutrophils, lymphocyte and staging (all P>0.05). Conclusions The positive rate of bone marrow smear immunohistochemistry is superior to bone marrow biopsy in the detection of bone marrow involvement of NHL. As for the immunophenotyping of NHL, sensitive rate of bone marrow smear immunohistochemistry is also better than that of bone marrow biopsy.

Objective:To observe influence of exercise rehabilitation combined diet guidance on cardiac function and quality of life (QOL) in patients after heart valve replacement .Methods:A total of 120 patients after heart valve replacement were selected and randomly divided into control group (n=60 ,received routine health education ) and experiment group (n=60 ,received diet guidance and exercise rehabilitation based on routine health education ) .After discharge ,patients re‐ceived outpatient follow‐up for six months ,body weight ,cardiac function and QOL on six months after surgery were fol‐lowed up and observed in two groups ,and the results were statistically compared .Results:Compared with control group six months after discharge ,there were significant rise in left ventricular ejection fraction [ (51.75 ± 9.30)% vs .(57.73 ± 6.13)% ] andoxygenmetabolicequivalent [(7.05±1.85)METsvs.(11.34±2.18)METs],andeachitemscoreofQOL and total score of QOL [ (4.98 ± 0.40) scores vs .(6.49 ± 0.53) scores] ,P<0.05 or <0.01;and significant reduction in body weight [(67.75 ± 10.67) kg vs .(61.25 ± 10.34) kg] in experiment group ,P<0.01. Conclusion:Exercise rehabili‐tation combined diet guidance can avoid rapid increase in body weight after surgery ,promote recovery of cardiac function and improve quality of life after surgery in patients with heart valvular diseases .

Objective:To study the influence of pomegranate tannins on the endogenous metabolites in the urine of normal rats by metabonomics method. Methods:The rats were divided into two groups, the blank control group and tannins group. The rats in tan-nins group were orally administered 78. 5 mg·ml-1 pomegranate tannins for 4 weeks. The urine samples were collected and used in the metabonomics study. The urine data were collected by HPLC-MS and comparatively analyzed using PCA and PLS-DA method in SIM-CA-P software. Results:The score points of tannins group displayed obvious distance compared with those of the blank control group, and the changes were the most obvious on the 22nd administration day. Conclusion:Endogenous metabolites in rat urine are obviously influenced by pomegranate tannins, and the research provides the basis for the further study of pomegranate tannins.