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Leucine-rich repeat containing protein 15 (LRRC15) gene encodes a type Ⅰ transmembrane protein with 15 leucine-rich repeats(LRRs), which is involved in the occurrence and development of various diseases. Previous studies on LRRC15 gene have mostly focused on its tumor-promoting effects, while the immunoregulatory roles of this gene in non-neoplastic diseases are in the exploratory stage, such as controlling viral infection, participating in changing the functions of osteoblasts and chondrocytes, and promoting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, osteogenic differentiation, as well as the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes. This paper summarizes the research status and possible roles of LRRC15 gene in non-tumor diseases, hoping to reveal the significant role of this gene in immune regulation.

Objective:To construct a preoperative rehabilitation program for gastric cancer patients, aiming to provide scientific and reasonable preoperative guidance for gastric cancer patients.Methods:On the basis of literature research and expert group meeting, the first draft of the preoperative rehabilitation program for gastric cancer patients was constructed. From October 2021 to January 2022, the Delphi method was used to conduct 2 rounds of expert letter inquiries to 16 experts in related fields from 11 hospitals in Jiangsu Province, and the entries were revised according to the experts′ inquiries.Results:In the two rounds of expert correspondence, the positive coefficients of experts were 88.89% and 100.00%, and the authority coefficients of experts were both 0.88. The coordination coefficients of the items in the two rounds of inquiry were 0.279 and 0.290, respectively. The final program consisted of 3 first-level entries, 11 second-level entries and 32 third-level entries.Conclusions:The scheme constructed in this study is scientific, reliable and applicable, and is worth being promoted further in clinical practice.

As an important method of systems biology, metabolomics not only plays an important role in life science but also has been increasingly widely used in radiation protection research. Based on the clinical studies of metabolomics and metabolomics methods in rodent and primate models, this article summarizes the methods and techniques of metabolomics in the diagnosis of radiation damage, the study of radiation damage mechanisms, and the development of radiation protection drugs.

Purpose: The influence of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and cholesterolemia primary liver cancer (PLC) in china was analyzed via a large prospective cohort study based on a community population, and the combined effects between them were investigated. Materials and Methods: Overall, 98,936 staff from the Kailuan Group who participated in and finished physical examinations between 2006 and 2007 were included in the cohort study. Their medical information was collected and they were followed up after examination. The correlations of serum FBG or TC with PLC were analyzed. Then, we categorized all staff into four groups: normal FBG/ non-hypocholesterolemia, normal FBG/hypocholesterolemia, elevated FBGon-hypocholesterolemia, elevated FBG/hypocholesterolemia and normal FBG/ non-hypocholesterolemia was used as a control group. The combined effects of elevated FBG and hypocholesterolemia with PLC were analyzed using the Age-scale Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results: During 1,134,843.68 person*years follow up, a total of 388 PLC cases occured. We found the elevated FBG and hypocholesterolemia increases the risk for PLC, respectively. Compared with the non-hypocholesterolemiaormal FBG group, the risk of PLC was significantly increased in the non-hypocholesterolemia/elevated FBG group (HR=1.19,95%CI 0.88–1.62) and hypocholesterolemiaormal FBG group (HR=1.53,95%CI 1.19–1.97), and in the hypocholesterolemia/elevated FBG group (HR=3.16 95%CI2.13-4.69). And, a significant interaction effect was found of FBG and TC on PLC. All results were independent from the influence of liver disease. Conclusion Elevated serum FBG and hypocholesterolemia are risk factors for PLC, especially when combined. Thus, for the prevention and treatment of PLC, serum FBG and TC levels should be investigated.

Objective:To verify the effect of ozone on Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) colonization in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and its correlation with the patient's status.Methods:A total of 12 patients with moderate or severe AD,aged from 6 to 65 years,were recruited from outpatient of the Third Xiangya Hospital.The treatment sides were showered with ozonated water and smeared with ozonated oil for 7 days (twice a day),while the control sides were washed with warm running water and smeared with base oil.At different time points,the severity scoring ofatopic dermatitis (SCORAD) scores,sleep and pruritus scores were assessed and compared between the two sides.Meanwhile,plate cultivation was used to quantitatively detect the changes ofS.aureus colonization in skin lesions.Results:After 7 days treatment,erythema and pimples were decreased in the treatment sides.The clear skin texture,smooth skin,improved skin lesions were also observed by dermoscopic examination.The results of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) demonstrated that the parakeratosis was improved,the structures were clearer,and the inflammatory cells infiltration was reduced after ozone treatment for 7 days.After ozone treatment for 3 and 7 days,the S.aureus colonization in the treatment sides decreased by (75.55±21.81)％ and (97.24±2.64)％ respectively.Compared to that of control sides,the percentage of S.aureus colony after ozone treatment for 7 days decreased significantly (P＜0.01).After ozone treatment for 7 days,the SCORAD scores,sleep and pruritus scores were significantly decreased (all P＜0.01).There was a linear correlation between the decreasing percentage of S.aureus colony and the declining percentage of SCORAD scores in AD patients.Conclusion:Topical ozone therapy can effectively reduce S.aureus colony in skin lesions and alleviate the severity of AD patients with moderate to severe degree.

Objective To investigate the effects of fluorofenidone(AKF-PD)on diabetic kidney disease in db/db mice and its possible mechanisms.Methods(1)Fifty-six mice aged 8 weeks(half male and half female),including 42 db/db mice and 14 wild-type mice were studied.Fortytwo db/db mice randomly were divided into model group(mock-treated diabetic db/db mice),AKF-PD(250 mg· kg-1· d-1)treatment group and losartan(20 mg· kg-1· d-1)treatment group.Wild-type mice and model mice were treated with vehicle(0.5％sodium carboxymethylcellulose),while the treatment groups received either AKF-PD or losartan.After 18 weeks,the blood glucose and urinary albumin were measured,the pathological changes of kidney were observed by PAS staining.The protein expressions of type Ⅳ collagen and fibronectin(FN)in kidney tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry.(2)Mouse glomerular mesangial cells(MES-13 cells)were divided into six groups:normal glucose group(5.5 mmol/L glucose),hypertonic group(5.5 mmol/L glucose+19.5 mmol/L mannitol),high glucose group(25.0 mmol/L glucose),AKF-PD group(25.0 mmol/L glucose+400 mg/L AKF-PD)and losartan group(25.0 mmol/L glucose+2 μmol/L losartan).After 72 h treatment,the expressions of type Ⅰ collagen,type Ⅳ collagen and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)mRNA were detected by realtime PCR,and the content of TGF-β1 protein in the culture supernatant was detected by ELISA.Results(1)Compared with the wild type mice,model mice had increased weight,blood glucose and glomerulosclerosis index(all P ＜ 0.01),accompanied with heavy albuminuria,glomerular hypertrophy,mesangial area expansion and deposition of collagen type Ⅳ and FN(all P ＜ 0.01).Compared with model mice,in AKF-PD and losartan groups 24 h urinary albumin and glomerulosclerosis index decreased(all P ＜ 0.01),glomerular hypertrophy and mesangial area expansion alleviated,and the protein expressions of collagen type Ⅳ and FN were inhibited(all P ＜ 0.01).(2)Compared with the normal glucose group,the mRNA expressions of type Ⅰ collagen and type Ⅳ collagen increased in high glucose group,meanwhile the mRNA and protein expressions of TGF-β1 increased(all P ＜ 0.01).In AKF-PD and losartan groups the expressions of type Ⅰ collagen,type Ⅳ collagen and TGF-β1 were inhibited as compared with high glucose group(all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Fluorofenidone may play an anti-fibrotic effect in db/db mice by reducing the expression of TGF-β1 and inhibiting collagen synthesis in glomerular mesangial cells.

Objective To investigate effects of pirfenidone (PFD) on diabetic nephropathy model in db/db mice and to explore its possible mechanisms.Methods (1) Wild-type mice were as the normal control group,and db/db mice were divided into model group and PFD group,with 6 mice in each group.In the PFD group mice were administered continuously by 250 mg· kg-1· d-1 PFD for 18 weeks,and mice in the other two groups were administered by 0.5％ sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.Blood glucose and 24 h urinary albumin were measured.The pathological changes of renal tissue were evaluated by PAS staining,PASM staining,Masson staining and Sirius red staining.The expression of collagen type Ⅳ in kidney tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.(2) Mouse mesangial cells (SV40 MES-13 cells) were cultured as research objects.They were divided into control group,hyperosmolar group,high glucose (HG) group,and 50,100,200,400,800,1600 mg/L PFD+HG group.BrdU cell proliferation test was used to evaluate cell proliferation rate.Cells were divided into control group,hyperosmolar group,HG group and PFD+HG group.The mRNA expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA),collagen type Ⅰ,collagen type Ⅳ,transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1),interleukin (IL)-1β,IL-6 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) were detected by real-time PCR.Results (1) Compared with normal control group,the model mice had higher weight,blood glucose and 24 h urinary albumin,accompanied with glomerular hypertrophy,mesangial area expansion,tubulointerstitial fibrosis and deposition of collagen type Ⅳ (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with those in model group,in PFD group 24 h urinary albumin decreased,glomerular hypertrophy,mesangial area expansion and tubulointerstitial fibrosis alleviated,and the protein expression of collagen type Ⅳ inhibited (all P＜0.05).(2) Compared with those in HG group,MES-13 cell proliferation rates of 100,200,400,800,1600 mg/L PFD+HG groups decreased (all P ＜ 0.05),and the mRNA expressions of α-SMA,collagen type Ⅰ,collagen type Ⅳ,TGF-β1,IL-1β,IL-6 and MCP-1 reduced in 400 mg/L PFD+HG group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions PFD can inhibit high glucose-induced proliferation and activation of glomerular mesangial cells,decrease the expression of TGF-β1 and proinflammatory factors,as well as reduce the synthesis of collagen,which improve renal fibrosis of db/db mice.

Objective To evaluate the effect of emulsified isoflurane postconditioning on mitophagy during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Forty-eight pathogen-free healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 4-5 months,weighing 250-300 g,were divided into 4 groups (n=12 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),group I/R,fat emulsion group (group F) and emulsified isoflurane postconditioning group (group EIP).Myocardial I/R was induced by occlusion of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery for 30 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion in pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized rats.Starting from 3 min before reperfusion,8％ emulsified isoflurane 2 ml/kg was intravenously infused over 8 min in group EIP,while 30％ fat emulsion 2 ml/kg was intravenously infused over 8 min in group F.Rats were sacrificed at the end of reperfusion,and hearts were removed for measurement of the myocardial infarct size (by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining),cell apoptosis (by TUNEL),mitochondrial membrane potential and expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3),Beclinl,P62,PINK1 and Parkin in cardiomyocytes (by using Western blot).Apoptosis index (AI) was calculated.Results Compared with group S,the myocardial infarct size and AI were significantly increased,the mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased,the expression of LC3,Beclinl,PINK1 and Parkin was up-regulated,and the expression of P62 was down-regulated in I/R,F and EIP groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group I/R,the myocardial infarct size and AI were significantly decreased,the mitochondrial membrane potential was increased,the expression of LC3,Beclinl,PINK1 and Parkin was down-regulated,and the expression of P62 was up-regulated in group EIP (P＜0.05).Compared with group F,the myocardial infarct size and AI were significantly decreased,the mitochondrial membrane potential was increased,the expression of LC3,Beclin1,PINK1 and Parkin was down-regulated,and the expression of P62 was up-regulated in group EIP (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanisin by which emulsified isoflurane postconditioning reduces myocardial I/R injury is related to inhibition of mitophagy in rats.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the influence and safety of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on intraoperative wake-up quality of patients underwent neurosurgical surgery. METHODS:126 patients with general anesthesia in neurosurgery were enrolled and randomized equally into observation group and control group,with 63 cases in each group. Control group was given target con-trolled infusion of propofol with plasma target concentration of 3-5 μg/ml and remifentanil with target effect site concentration of 2-6 ng/ml for anesthesia induction and maintenance,and then plasma target concentration of remifentanil decreased to 0.5 ng/ml 30 min before wake-up. Observation group received target controlled infusion of propofol with plasma target concentration of 3-5 μg/ml and remifentanil with target effect site concentration of 2-6 ng/ml for anesthesia induction and maintenance,and then given DEX 0.3 μg/kg intravenously 30 min before wake-up and maintained at 0.1 μg/(kg·h). MAP,HR,SBP,SaO2,serum levels of IgA,IgM,IgG,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α were observed in 2 groups 2 h before operation(T1)and after extubation(T2)as well as the occurrence of ADR during wake-up. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in HR,MAP,SBP,SaO2,IgA,IgM, IgG,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α levels at T1 and SaO2 levels at T2 between 2 groups(P>0.05). HR,MAP,SBP,IL-6 and TNF-α lev-els of observation group decreased significantly at T2 and lower than those of control group;IgA,IgM and IgG increased signifi-cantly and higher than those of control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). The incidence of bucking in observation group was significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05);there was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR as dysphoria,awareness rate during operation,respiratory depression,body movement,bradycardia between 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:DEX influence intraoperative wake-up quality of patients underwent neurosurgical surgery slightly,and can reduce inflammatory reaction with less ADR.