Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of ziprasidone in the treatment of first-episode schizophrenia.Methodsfrom January 2014 to June 2016to receive the treatment of patients with first-episode schizophrenia in 156 cases as the research object in the psychiatric hospital, which were randomly divided into two groups, the control group were given risperidone treatment, the observation group was treated with ziprasidone treatment, compared two groups of clinical curative effect of the treatment of patients after.ResultsThe patients in the observation group the total effective rate was 97.4%, the control group total effective rate was 89.7%;group after treatment in patients with negative symptoms score were significantly lower than the control group, with statistical significance between the two groups (P<0.05).ConclusionThe application of ziprasidone in the treatment of first-episode schizophrenia has achieved good clinical efficacy, the total effective rate of treatment is higher, and the negative symptoms are effectively controlled.

Objective To monitor reactive oxygen species(ROS) levels in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells cultured in vitro under albumin overload and their effect on autophagy activation,and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.Methods HK-2 cells cultured in vitro were divided into a normal control group (NC),an albumin (ALB) group,an ALB + N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) group,an NAC group,an ALB+chloroquine(CQ)group and an ALB+ rapamycin(RAP)group.The expression of molecular markers for autophagy,Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3),were detected by Western blotting.ROS levels were measured by a dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA) immunofluorescence method.Results Albumin overload-induced autophagy was activated in HK-2 cells as assessed by the significant upregulation of Beclin-1 and LC3-Ⅱ levels,compared with the control group(both P＜0.05).Albumin overload triggered oxidative stress in HK-2 cells as revealed by the increased production of ROS and the enhancement of green fluorescence brightness,compared with the control group [(22.47 ± 0.79) vs.(10.15 ± 0.57),P ＜ 0.05].The antioxidant NAC significantly inhibited albumin-induced autophagy(P ＜0.05).Moreover,the increase in ROS levels caused by albumin overload was promoted by chloroquine and blocked by rapamycin (both P＜0.05).Conclusions The mechanisms for albumin overload-induced autophagy in HK-2 cells were related to oxidative stress.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 27G micro-incision vitrectomy surgery (MIVS) combined with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (IVR) in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with early intervention failure.Methods:Retrospective case series was performed. Fourteen eyes (11 infants) with ROP who underwent 27G MIVS combined with IVR were included from March 2016 to January 2018 in Shenzhen Eye Hospital. Among them, there were 5 males with 7 eyes, 6 females with 7 eyes. The average gestational age of the infants was 28.12±0.90 weeks; the average birth weight was 1 023.64±200.96 g. Before the early clinical intervention, 1 infant (2 eyes) had ROP in zone Ⅰ stage 3 with plus disease, 8 infants (10 eyes) had ROP in zone Ⅱ stage 3 with plus disease, and 2 infants had ROP in aggressive posterior ROP. Six eyes underwent laser photocoagulation, while 8 eyes received laser therapy combined with IVR. Six eyes of stage 4A ROP and 8 eyes in stage 4B. Retinal detachment was detected with a mean of 10.44±9.21 weeks. At the time of surgery, the average post-conceptional age was 48.02±8.09 weeks. All the affected eyes were treated with standard sclera with three incisions 27G MIVS. During the operation, only local vitrectomy was performed to release and clear fibroascular proliferation in the optic disc, anterior macular area and pericristal area. After surgery, 10 mg/ml of ranibizumab 0.03 ml was injected into the vitreous cavity. The average follow-up time was 23.36±8.34 months. The primary objectives were the condition of retinal reset, ROP progression control and complications.Results:All patients had uneventful surgeries with an average duration of 32.86±9.35 mins. Of the 14 eyes, 12 eyes (85.71%) were controlled, 8 eyes (57.14%) had a good rearrangement of macular structure, while 4 eyes with macular traction. Two eyes had ROP progression, recurrence of retinal detachment, posterior synechia. Complicated cataract was in 1 eye. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy and retinal detachment was in 1 eye after 7 months the operation.Conclusion:27G MIVS combined with IVR is a safe and effective treatment for ROP with early clinical intervention failure.

To study the protective effect of Xingnaojing Injection on early global brain ischemia-induced deep coma in rats.
 Methods: The deep coma model was induced by global brain ischemia by using four-vessel occlusion method in male SD rats. According to the body weight, the rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: a model control group, three different dose of Xingnaojing Injection (1.8, 3.6 and 5.4 mL.kg-1) groups, a Xingnaojing Injection (3.6 mL.kg-1) plus PI3K inhibitor group, a naloxone injection (0.04 mL.kg-1) group and a naloxone injection (0.04 mL.kg-1) plus Xingnaojing Injection (3.6 mL.kg-1) group (n=8 per group). In addition, eight animals served as the sham group were performed same operation with the model group excepting no blockage of the blood vessels. After the operation, three different doses of Xingnaojing Injection and/or naloxone injection were given intravenously once a day for three days. Ten μL PI3K inhibitor (LY294002, 10 mmol/L) was injected via anterior cerebral ventricle at once after global brain ischemia. The awakening time after the first drug treatment, the grasping power and the autonomous activity within 10 min after the last drug treatment were recorded. The levels of both dopamine (DA) and glutamate (Glu) in cerebrospinal fluid were detected by ELISA. The pathological changes were observed in brain tissue slices with HE staining and the protein levels of Akt/p-Akt and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB)/p-CREB in hippocampus were detected by Western blotting.
 Results: Comparing with the model group, single administration of Xingnaojing Injection could significantly shorten the waking time (P<0.05) and continuous administration of Xingnaojing Injection for 3 d could increase grasping power, distance, frequency and duration of autonomous activities (P<0.05 or P<0.01) in the deep coma rat. Also, Xingnaojing Injection could inhibit these increases in neurotransmitters DA and Glu contents (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and improve pathological changes of hippocampal tissue. Xingnaojing Injection significantly induced protein phosphorylation of both Akt and CREB (P<0.05 or P<0.01); this effect was inhibited by PI3K inhibitor (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Moreover, the protective effects of naloxone on awakening time, grasping power, the autonomous activity and hippocampus damage in global brain ischemia-induced deep coma could be enhanced by joint use of Xingnaojing Injection (P<0.05 or P<0.01).
 Conclusion: Xingnaojing Injection could significantly improve deep coma induced by global brain ischemia in rat, which is related to inducing PI3K/Akt-dependent protein phosphorylation of CREB, and reducing hippocampal damage. The protective effect of Xingnaojing Injection is synergistically enhanced by naloxone.
Animals ; Brain ; Brain Ischemia ; Coma ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Male ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley