Objective To analyze the clinical features and prognosis of patients with infective endocarditis(IE) and acute kidney injury(AKI),and to evaluate the effect of timely operation on prognosis of renal function.MethodsClinical data of 45 IE and AKI cases in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2010 to May 2016 were retrospectively reviewed;among them 8 cases underwent renal biopsy and the pathologies were analyzed.Patients were divided into Operation group(22 cases) and Non-operation group(23 cases),the clinical data and prognosis were compared.Results The ratio of male to female was 2.46:1 and the average age was 48.3±16.6.35.6% of cases were found with basic valve diseases,the congenital valve diseases were the most common type.The most frequently infected valves were mitral valve(46.7%),aortic valve(28.9%) and prosthetic valve(8.9%) ordinally.The most common pathogenic bacteria were streptococcus(46.7%) and staphylococcus(35.6%).Some rare and special pathogen could also be found in these cases.In 8 cases underwent renal biopsy,3 cases were diagnosed as crescentic nephritis,2 cases were diagnosed as focal proliferative glomerulone-phritis and mesangial prolif-erative glomerulonephritis respectively,1 case was diagnosed as acute interstitial nephritis.C3 sedimentation was the most common phenomenon found in immunofluorescence.There was no significant difference between the baseline data of Operation and Non-operation groups,and neither was the survival rate.However,renal function recovered better in Operation group(P<0.05): the serum creatinine declined remarkably in 7 days(P<0.05) and 30 days(P<0.01)post operation,compared with the peak valve before operation.Conclusions The underline valve diseases and pathogen have been changed in IE as compared with traditional description.Crescentic nephritis is common in renal pathologic manifestation when parenchymal lesion is developed after the onset of IE.Timely operation can improve the renal prognosis in patients with IE and AKI.

Objective To explore the relationship between risk of stroke and calcaneal quantitative ultrasound(QUS)T score under-2. 5. Methods 5 847 subjects over the age of 40 from Yunyan District, Guiyang City were investigated with questionnaire, physical examination, blood lipids, other metabolic indexes and calcaneus bone density determination from May to October, 2011 by cluster sampling method and were followed up for 3 years. Subjects were divided into stroke group(99 subjects) and non-stroke group(5 748 subjects) according to the occurrence of stroke in the follow-up period. The relationship between risk of stroke and QUS T score under-2. 5 was analyzed. Results Compared to the non-stroke group, the number of subjects with T score under-2. 5 in calcaneal QUS was larger in the stroke group, the difference of which was statistically significant(P<0. 05). T score of bone density under-2. 5 in calcaneal QUS was found to be an independent risk factor for predicting stroke after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index(HR=1. 467, 95%CI 0. 753-2. 855). The relationship between risk of stroke and T score under-2. 5 in calcaneal QUS remained unchanged after further adjust ment of smoking, diabetes, education, and hypertension(HR=1. 265, 95%CI 0. 647-2. 475). Conclusion The risk of stroke and T score of bone density under-2. 5 in calcaneal QUS was independently associated, and the latter is an independent risk factor for predicting stroke.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of axillary vein puncture needle technique in the infusion of low birth weight infants.Methods The study group received axillary venipuncture indwelling needle technique, the control group was given head intravenous indwelling needle technique, compared the related anomalies incidence of two groups of low birth weight infants during intravenous infusion catheter. Results The incidence of abnormal occlusion, phlebitis, oozing of blood in preterm infants with low birth weight infants (2.13%,4.26% and 2.13%) were significantly lower than those in the control group (19.15%,27.66%,17.02%), respectively (P＜0.05). Conclusion The application of axillary vein puncture needle technique can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse reactions associated with infusion of low birth weight infants, and has positive significance in ensuring the efficacy and prognosis.

[Objective] To observe the effect of computer-aided detection (CAD) system in improving lung nodule detection sensitivity and inter-observer variation.[Methods] 300 PA digital radiographs including 100 normal cases and 200 cases with pulmonary nodules confirmed by CT were enrolled.Two senior chest radiologists referenced CT images and marked the sizes and locations of all nodules with consensus as the gold standards.Four senior radiologists and four junior radiologists interpreted the digital chest radiographs independently without and with CADand recordtheir results.Pair t test and coefficient of variation (CV) was used to compare the difference of lung nodule detection sensitivity and inter-observer variation between withoutand with CAD.[Results] The mean lung nodule detection sensitivity of senior and junior radiologists withoutand with CAD were (41.1 ± 2.0)％,(28.0 ± 2.0)％ and (45.0 ± 1.8)％,(39.2 ± 0.9)％,respectively,statistical analysis showed there was statistically significant difference.Moreover,CV of all radiologists without and with CAD were 20.9％ and 8.1％.[Conclusion] Both lung nodule detection sensitivity and inter-observer variation of senior and junior radiologists can be improved by CAD.

Danshen,an efficacious agent for cardiovascular diseases,has been found to play an essential role in kidney injury.In the present study,the effect of Danshen on cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction was investigated in a mouse model.Danshen was administered to mice at a dose of 3 g/kg 4 days before and 3 days after cisplatin treatment.A single intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg cisplatin was used to induce nephrotoxicity.The mice were sacrificed 72 h after cisplatin intoxication.Biochemical parameters including serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were analyzed.Histopathological changes of kidney tissues were detected using HE staining.Antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px and SOD) and peroxidative product (MDA) were detected.Protein expressions of Nrf2 and its target genes including HO-1 and NQO1 were measured by Western blotting.The results showed that pretreatment with Danshen significantly reduced serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in the cisplatin-treated mice.Histopathological examination showed that Danshen mitigated the renal damage induced by cisplatin.Moreover,Danshen restored the activities of antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px and SOD) and normalized the MDA contents in renal tissues.Western blotting revealed that Danshen enhanced the expressions of Nrf2 and its target genes in cisplatin-exposed mice.It was suggested that Danshen protects against the cisplatin-induced renal impairment in the mice,which is potentially associated with the upregulation of Nrf2-mediated signaling pathway.

Aim To investigate the effect of curcumin on radiosensitivity of radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2R and its mechanism.Methods The concentration of curcumin was screened by MTT assay.Dose-survival curves were obtained according to the colony forming test for L-Q matching and multitarget-single hitting matching,while SF2 and the correlation parameters of radiation biology were calculated.The changes of cell cycle in CNE-2R cells caused by curcumin were also tested by flow cytometry(FCM).The differential expression of genes related to cell cycle and DNA damage repair were detected by RT-qPCR.Results CNE-2R cells could not be inhibited by 10 μmol·L-1 curcumin.Dealt with 10 μmol·L-1 curcumin for 24 h,the value of α/β increased to 1 596 from 6.56;the value of SF2 decreased to 0.361 Gy from 1.93 Gy;the value of N decreased to 1.06 from 1.60;the value of D0 decreased to 2.12 from 3.27;the value of Dq decreased to 0.12 from 1.53.FCM showed that the cells in G2 phase had a significant increase and the cells in S phase had a significant decrease after dealt with 10 μmol·L-1 curcumin for 24 h.The expression of CDK4 was significantly up-regulated and GADD45g,BRCA1 were significantly down-regulated.Conclusion Curcumin radiosensitizes nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2R by changing cell cycle and affecting DNA damage repair through regulating the expression of CDK4,GADD45 g and BRCA1.

Objective To explore the best indication of neuroendoscopic surgery in patients with pituitary tumors by comparing the clinical effects of neuroendoscopic transsphenoidal surgery on patients with different types of pituitary tumors.MethodsA total of 92 patients with different types of pituitary adenoma received transsphenoidal approach under neuroendoscopy in our hospital from June 2016 to October2017 were selected, the surgical results were evaluated by comparing the postoperative hormone levels were normal or not and the tumor were resected or not.The patients were followed up, the physiological function (PF), physiological function (RP), emotional functions (RE) was determined by health measurement scale (SF-36) to evaluated the quality of life of patients.Results There were differences in clinical efficacy of neuroendoscopy for the treatment of different types of pituitary adenoma, the cure rate from high to low in turn was cortical hormone adenomas, growth hormone adenomas, prolactin adenomas, mixed adenoma, non-functional adenomas, the cure rate of functional pituitary adenoma was obviously higher than that of no functional pituitary adenoma, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).At 6 months after surgery, SF-36 result showed that PF scores was (76.30±8.68), RP scores was (78.37±19.05), RE scores was (71.54±21.54), and at 12 months after surgery, PF scores was (87.20±9.24), RP scores was (78.66±15.18) and RE scores was (87.80±17.67), which were higher in patients with functional pituitary adenoma than those in patients with non-functional pituitary adenoma, the differences were significant (P＜0.05).ConclusionThe treatment of functional pituitary tumor by neuroendoscopic surgery, especially corticosteroid adenoma, has the best effect, and can significantly improve the quality of life of patients.

OBJECTIVETo compare the diagnostic value study the technique of ultrasonography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in common duct stones.

METHODSThree hundreds and eighty-four patients suspected common duct stones from August 2005 to October 2007 were undergone abdominal ultrasonography, MRCP and ERCP.

RESULTSThere was stone in common duct in 370 and no stones in 14 of 384 patients. Ultrasonography indicated stones 268 cases, 8 false positive result was among them. MRCP diagnosed stones in 362 cases and false positive result in 6 cases, ERCP diagnosed stones 370 cases. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography, MRCP and ERCP was 70.3% (260/370), 96.2% (356/370) and 100% respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThe diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for common duct stone was little higher, US should be used as a primary checking method. There was higher concordance between MRCP and ERCP for common duct stone. Combination of MRCP and ERCP can improve diagnostic accuracy of common duct stone.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance ; Choledocholithiasis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between genetic variantions of circadian clock genes and risk of breast cancer.

METHODSA case-control study including 406 breast cancer patients and 412 controls was conducted and genes Clock (rs2070062) and Per2 (rs2304672, rs2304669, rs934945) were genotyped by TaqMan real-time PCR. Unconditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the genetic polymorphisms and breast cancer.

RESULTSIndividuals with the rs2304669-TT genotype showed significantly increased breast cancer risk with the OR of 2.33 when compared with the individuals with rs2304669-CC and CT genotypes (P = 0.001). In addition, the three haplotypes containing the risk T allele of rs2304669 were identified to be associated with increased breast cancer risk. However, it was found that rs2304672, rs2070062 and rs934945 polymorphisms were not related with breast cancer risk.

CONCLUSIONSThe locus rs2304669 on Per2 gene is associated with breast cancer risk. Genetic variation of circadian clock genes may increase the susceptibility to breast cancer. Therefore, it may become an important biomarker of susceptibility to breast cancer.

Adult ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; genetics ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; CLOCK Proteins ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Period Circadian Proteins ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors