Based on clinical epidemiological data， it is believed that qi deficiency constitution is closely related to allergic diseases. According to the fundamental principles of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） constitution theory， the intrinsic connection between qi deficiency constitution and allergic diseases is analyzed from the perspectives of inherited endowment， life process， environmental restriction， and the interplay of form and spirit. This paper discusses the key points of regulating qi deficiency constitution to prevent allergic diseases in three stages， prevention before illness， prevention of disease progression， and prevention of recurrence after recovery. It also distinguishes the treatment directions for regulating qi deficiency constitution to treat allergic diseases based on different disease locations such as the lung， spleen， and kidney. This aims to expand new ideas for the research on qi deficiency constitution and allergic diseases as well as the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.

ObjectiveRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has demonstrated efficacy in enhancing neurocognitive performance in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the neurobiological mechanisms linking synaptic pathology, neural oscillatory dynamics, and brain network reorganization remain unclear. This investigation seeks to systematically evaluate the therapeutic potential of rTMS as a non-invasive neuromodulatory intervention through a multimodal framework integrating clinical assessments, molecular profiling, and neurophysiological monitoring. MethodsIn this prospective double-blind trial, 12 AD patients underwent a 14-day protocol of 20 Hz rTMS, with comprehensive multimodal assessments performed pre- and post-intervention. Cognitive functioning was quantified using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MOCA), while daily living capacities and neuropsychiatric profiles were respectively evaluated through the activities of daily living (ADL) scale and combined neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI)-Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD). Peripheral blood biomarkers, specifically Aβ1-40 and phosphorylated tau (p-tau181), were analyzed to investigate the effects of rTMS on molecular metabolism. Spectral power analysis was employed to investigate rTMS-induced modulations of neural rhythms in AD patients, while brain network analyses incorporating topological properties were conducted to examine stimulus-driven network reorganization. Furthermore, systematic assessment of correlations between cognitive scale scores, blood biomarkers, and network characteristics was performed to elucidate cross-modal therapeutic associations. ResultsClinically, MMSE and MOCA scores improved significantly (P<0.05). Biomarker showed that Aβ1-40 level increased (P<0.05), contrasting with p-tau181 reduction. Moreover, the levels of Aβ1-40 were positively correlated with MMSE and MOCA scores. Post-intervention analyses revealed significant modulations in oscillatory power, characterized by pronounced reductions in delta (P<0.05) and theta bands (P<0.05), while concurrent enhancements were observed in alpha, beta, and gamma band activities (all P<0.05). Network analysis revealed frequency-specific reorganization: clustering coefficients were significantly decreased in delta, theta, and alpha bands (P<0.05), while global efficiency improvement was exclusively detected in the delta band (P<0.05). The alpha band demonstrated concurrent increases in average nodal degree (P<0.05) and characteristic path length reduction (P<0.05). Further research findings indicate that the changes in the clinical scale HAMD scores before and after rTMS stimulation are negatively correlated with the changes in the blood biomarkers Aβ1-40 and p-tau181. Additionally, the changes in the clinical scales MMSE and MoCA scores were negatively correlated with the changes in the node degree of the alpha frequency band and negatively correlated with the clustering coefficient of the delta frequency band. However, the changes in MMSE scores are positively correlated with the changes in global efficiency of both the delta and alpha frequency bands. Conclusion20 Hz rTMS targeting dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) significantly improves cognitive function and enhances the metabolic clearance of β-amyloid and tau proteins in AD patients. This neurotherapeutic effect is mechanistically associated with rTMS-mediated frequency-selective neuromodulation, which enhances the connectivity of oscillatory networks through improved neuronal synchronization and optimized topological organization of functional brain networks. These findings not only support the efficacy of rTMS as an adjunctive therapy for AD but also underscore the importance of employing multiple assessment methods—including clinical scales, blood biomarkers, and EEG——in understanding and monitoring the progression of AD. This research provides a significant theoretical foundation and empirical evidence for further exploration of rTMS applications in AD treatment.

The transcription factor HOXB13 plays crucial roles in cancer development. HOXB13 is abnormally expressed in most cancers, which makes it a valuable therapeutic target for cancer therapy. The level of HOXB13 differs significantly between healthy and cancer tissues, which indicates that the level of HOXB13 is closely related to carcinogenesis. The regulatory network mediated by HOXB13 in cancer proliferation, metastasis, and invasion has been systematically investigated. Moreover, HOXB13 variants play distinct roles in different cancers and populations. By understanding the molecular mechanisms and mutation features of HOXB13, we provide a comprehensive overview of carcinogenesis networks dependent on HOXB13. Finally, we discuss advancements in anticancer therapy targeting HOXB13 and the roles of HOXB13 in drug resistance to molecular-targeted therapies, which serves as a foundation for developing HOXB13-targeted drugs for clinical diagnosis and cancer therapies.
Humans ; Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism* ; Carcinogenesis/genetics* ; Mutation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics*

ObjectiveTo investigate the features of liver histopathological damage in patients with indeterminate phase of chronic HBV infection， as well as the timing for initiating antiviral therapy in such patients. MethodsA retrospective screening was performed for the patients with chronic HBV infection who were hospitalized in The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital and underwent liver biopsy from March 2018 to April 2022， among whom the patients who met the criteria for indeterminate phase defined in Chinese guidelines for chronic hepatitis B prevention and treatment （2022 edition） were enrolled， and their clinical data were collected. Liver histopathological stage was determined using the Scheuer scoring system， with stages 0 — 4 for inflammation grade （G） and stages 0 — 4 for fibrosis degree （S）， and the patients were divided into groups based on the presence of significant necroinflammation （≥G2） and significant liver fibrosis （≥S2）. The independent samples t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups， and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups； the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. A Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between liver histopathology and clinical factors， and the Logistic regression model was used to identify the independent influencing factors for significant necroinflammation and liver fibrosis. ResultsA total of 271 patients with indeterminate phase of chronic HBV infection were enrolled， among whom 61 （22.5%） had significant necroinflammation （≥G2） and 124 （45.8%） had significant liver fibrosis （≥S2）. The Logistic regression analysis showed that alanine aminotransferase ≥30 U/L （for male patients） or ≥19 U/L （for female patients） （odds ratio ［OR］=2.69， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 1.39 — 5.21， P=0.003）， HBV DNA ≥2 000 IU/mL （OR=2.75， 95%CI： 1.38 — 5.48， P=0.004）， and liver stiffness measurement （LSM） ≥6.0 kPa （OR=4.57， 95%CI： 2.17 — 9.62， P<0.001） were independent risk factors for significant inflammation. HBV DNA ≥2 000 IU/mL （OR=1.82， 95%CI： 1.01 — 3.32， P=0.049） and LSM ≥6.0 kPa （OR=2.06， 95%CI： 1.23 — 3.43， P=0.006） were independent influencing factors for significant liver fibrosis. ConclusionAmong the patients with indeterminate phase of chronic HBV infection， a substantial proportion of patients have significant liver histopathological damage. Antiviral therapy should be initiated in a timely manner for patients with high-risk factors.

Intervertebral disc degeneration(IDD)is the primary etiology of various chronic spinal disorders,characterized by clinical symptoms including low back pain and acute lower limb radicular pain.In recent years,due to accelerated population aging and lifestyle changes,there has been a significant increase in the incidence of IDD,particularly among younger individuals.This not only severely impacts patients'quality of life but also imposes substantial economic and medical burdens on society.Consequently,effective prevention and treatment strategies for IDD have become urgent medical priorities.Previous studies have demonstrated that cellular senescence of interverte-bral disc cells plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of IDD.As such,therapeutic interventions target-ing senescent intervertebral disc cells,such as anti-senescence drugs,gene editing techniques,and stem cell therapy,are emerging as promising research areas.This review article comprehensively explores the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular senescence in IDD while discussing diverse therapeutic approaches and their latest advancements pertaining to senescent cells.The aim is to provide novel research insights and potential therapeutic targets for preventing and treating IDD while offering valuable references for future investigations.

Hepatic ascites is one of the common and difficult complications in the decompensated stage of liver cirrhosis， and its incidence is increasing. In clinical practice， the prognosis of patients with hepatic ascites after surgery is worse， and the disease is recurrent. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has certain advantages in treating hepatic ascites. However， there is no uniform standard for the preparation of animal models of hepatic ascites in accordance with TCM evidence. Therefore， this paper summarized the literature on animal models of hepatic ascites and analyzed the existing animal models of hepatic ascites based on the clinical diagnostic criteria of hepatic ascites in TCM and western medicine. The results show that the commonly used modeling methods for hepatic ascites mainly include the single-factor method， composite factor induction method， surgical method， and immunization method. Most of them are guided by western medicine theories， and their pathogenic mechanisms are mostly consistent with those of western medicine and are different from TCM evidence. Therefore， it is suggested that TCM intervening factors should be imposed in the process of model preparation， so as to prepare an animal model of hepatic ascites that meets the clinical evidence characteristics of TCM and western medicine.

With the increasing proportion of human papilloma virus(HPV)infection in the pathogenic factors of oro-pharyngeal cancer,a series of changes have occurred in the surgical treatment.While the treatment mode has been im-proved,there are still many problems,including the inconsistency between diagnosis and treatment modes,the lack of popularization of reconstruction technology,the imperfect post-treatment rehabilitation system,and the lack of effective preventive measures.Especially in terms of treatment mode for early oropharyngeal cancer,there is no unified conclu-sion whether it is surgery alone or radiotherapy alone,and whether robotic minimally invasive surgery has better func-tional protection than radiotherapy.For advanced oropharyngeal cancer,there is greater controversy over the treatment mode.It is still unclear whether to adopt a non-surgical treatment mode of synchronous chemoradiotherapy or induction chemotherapy combined with synchronous chemoradiotherapy,or a treatment mode of surgery combined with postopera-tive chemoradiotherapy.In order to standardize the surgical treatment of oropharyngeal cancer in China and clarify the indications for surgical treatment of oropharyngeal cancer,this expert consensus,based on the characteristics and treat-ment status of oropharyngeal cancer in China and combined with the international latest theories and practices,forms consensus opinions in multiple aspects of preoperative evaluation,surgical indication determination,primary tumor re-section,neck lymph node dissection,postoperative defect repair,postoperative complication management prognosis and follow-up of oropharyngeal cancer patients.The key points include:① Before the treatment of oropharyngeal cancer,the expression of P16 protein should be detected to clarify HPV status;② Perform enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the maxillofacial region before surgery to evaluate the invasion of oropharyngeal cancer and guide precise surgical resec-tion of oropharyngeal cancer.Evaluating mouth opening and airway status is crucial for surgical approach decisions and postoperative risk prediction;③ For oropharyngeal cancer patients who have to undergo major surgery and cannot eat for one to two months,it is recommended to undergo percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy before surgery to effectively improve their nutritional intake during treatment;④ Early-stage oropharyngeal cancer patients may opt for either sur-gery alone or radiation therapy alone.For intermediate and advanced stages,HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer general-ly prioritizes radiation therapy,with concurrent chemotherapy considered based on tumor staging.Surgical treatment is recommended as the first choice for HPV unrelated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(including primary and re-current)and recurrent HPV related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma after radiotherapy and chemotherapy;⑤ For primary exogenous T1-2 oropharyngeal cancer,direct surgery through the oral approach or da Vinci robotic sur-gery is preferred.For T3-4 patients with advanced oropharyngeal cancer,it is recommended to use temporary mandibu-lectomy approach and lateral pharyngotomy approach for surgery as appropriate;⑥ For cT1-2N0 oropharyngeal cancer patients with tumor invasion depth＞3 mm and cT3-4N0 HPV unrelated oropharyngeal cancer patients,selective neck dissection of levels ⅠB to Ⅳ is recommended.For cN+HPV unrelated oropharyngeal cancer patients,therapeutic neck dissection in regions Ⅰ-Ⅴ is advised;⑦ If PET-CT scan at 12 or more weeks after completion of radiation shows intense FDG uptake in any node,or imaging suggests continuous enlargement of lymph nodes,the patient should undergo neck dissection;⑧ For patients with suspected extracapsular invasion preoperatively,lymph node dissection should include removal of surrounding muscle and adipose connective tissue;⑨ The reconstruction of oropharyngeal cancer defects should follow the principle of reconstruction steps,with priority given to adjacent flaps,followed by distal pedicled flaps,and finally free flaps.The anterolateral thigh flap with abundant tissue can be used as the preferred flap for large-scale postoperative defects.

Objective:To analyze the current situation of middle-level cadres in functional departments of scientific research institutes and to construct a job competency model for middle-level cadre.Methods:A cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey in March 2022 on the satisfaction level of middle-level cadres in the functional departments of the Institute of Blood Transfusion of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,a mid-level cadre competency questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data among functional department personnel of scientific research institutes affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.The principal component analysis method was used to extract factors,and the maximum variance rotation method was used to conduct exploratory factor analysis to construct a competency model.Results:The Middle-level cadres in scientific research institutes had problems such as old age,traditional management style,etc.The competency model of middle-level cadres in functional departments of scientific research institutes included 3 main competencies:responsibility taking ability,communication ability and learning execution ability,and 34 competency factors.Conclusion:The competency model of middle-level cadres in functional departments of scientific research institutes can provide basis and reference for the selection and appointment,education and training,performance management and career planning of middle-level cadres in scientific research institutes.

Methods:From February 2018 to January 2022, the clinical data of 1 123 patients who underwent Starclose vascular closure device, Angio-Seal and Exoseal vascular occlusion devices and Perclose ProGlide vascular suture device at femoral artery puncture hemostasis after neuro-intervention, in the Department of Interventional Radiology (Eastern District), The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups based on the intervention method: the closure group (Starclose, n=271), the occlusion group (Angio-Seal, n=327 and Exoseal, n=352) and the suture group (ProGlide, n=173). Next, the hemostatic efficacy and complications associated with the three devices were analyzed and compared. Additionally, regression analysis was conducted to identify any relevant factors that may contribute to complications. Results:Three vascular hemostatic devices demonstrated effective hemostasis and the success rate were 92.6% in the closure group (Starclose), 93.4% in the occlusion group (Angio-Seal 93.0% and Exoseal 93.8%) and 89.6% in the suture group (ProGlide). There was no statistically significant difference( χ2=3.026, P=0.388). Single or multiple complications were observed in 102 patients (9.1%), including local oozing (16 cases in the closure group, 39 cases in the occlusion group, 13 cases in the suture group), local hematoma (14 cases in the closure group, 31 cases in the occlusion group, 11 cases in the suture group), pseudoaneurysm (13 cases in the closure group, 35 cases in the occlusion group, 10 cases in the suture group), local infection (2 cases in the closure group, 3 cases in the occlusion group, 1 case in the suture group). There were no statistically significant differences ( P>0.05). Moreover, serious complications such as femoral artery occlusion, embolus shedding and permanent nerve injury weren′t observed in the three groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that overweight ( OR=1.562,95% CI 1.023—2.385, P=0.039), femoral artery with calcified plaque ( OR=1.934,95% CI 1.172-3.189, P=0.010), combined use of multiple antiplatelet drugs ( OR=1.769,95% CI 1.103—2.839, P=0.018), use of an 8F sheath( OR=2.824,95% CI 1.406—5.671, P=0.004) and the operator′s proficiency ( OR=0.508,95% CI 0.328—0.788, P=0.002) were the independent factors influencing complications, of which the first four were identified as risk-promoting factors for complications while the operator′s rich experience and high proficiency were the protective factors. Conclusions:Three hemostatic devices demonstrate effective hemostasis and comparable rates of complications at femoral artery puncture hemostasis after neuro-intervention. Overweight, femoral artery with calcified plaque, combined use of multiple antiplatelet drugs, use of an 8 F sheath and the operator′s proficiency were independent factors influencing complications.Ojective:To investigate the efficacy and complications associated with vascular suture, closure and occlusion devices at femoral artery puncture hemostasis after neuro-intervention.