OBJECTIVE:To put forward suggestion for establishing public interest litigation system in drug supervision and administration field in China.METHODS:Literature research and comprehensive analysis were applied to analyze the relationship between the problems of drug supervision and administration field and defect of drug supervision and administration system.And then the necessity of public interest litigation system in drug supervision and administration field was also analyzed.RESULTS:There are some serious problems which impact on people's lives and health,such as weak drug quality control,fake drug advertisement continuing to exist after repeated prohibition and right abuse of drug supervision and administration,etc.These problems may be associated with the defect of drug supervision and administration system such as defective administration system,ineffective administration,ect.A new system should be established.The public interest litigation system has the advantage of dealing with these problems.CONCLUSION:It's necessary to establish the public interest litigation system to improve the unsatisfactory situation in the field of the drug supervision and administration.

Objective To explore the spatial distribution of Keshan disease(KD) in the 15 surveillance provinces(municipalities,autonomous regions ) and to provide the basis for the development of prevention and control strategies.MethodsBased on the KD surveillance data of the 15 provinces in 2007,five indicators were selected.Moreover,a comprehensive indicator score to assess KD of different areas was made through the method of principle components analysis,which was applied for regionalization of the KD areas by the subsection method of standard deviation in whole China.The KD areas were divided into mild,moderate and severe endemic areas.The spatial distribution feature of the comprehensive indicator score was displayed by using geographic information system (GIS).ResultsThe three principal components contained 88.123％ information of all the selected indicators,the first principal component had a close relationship with total KD detection rate,chronic KD detection rate and latent KD detection rate; the second principal component had a close relationship with the threatened number in KD areas,and the third principal component had a close relationship with new KD detection rate; the comprehensive indicator indicates that Gansu,Jilin,Heilongjiang,Hebei,and Liaoning provinces were serious prevalent KD areas; Inner Mongolia,Shandong,Hubei,Sichuang provinces (autonomous region) were moderate prevalent KD areas,and Shanxi,Shaanxi,Yunnan,Henan,Guizhou,Chongqing provinces(municipality)were mild prevalent KD areas.Conclusions The introduction of the GIS to Keshan disease monitoring,provides a convenient and direct method to observe the spatial distribution of the disease,and the results point out the key areas for further KD surveillance according to local conditions.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving the pharmacy self-taught undergraduate course system in general universities in China. METHODS:According to comparative study and researching related literatures,the situation of pharmacy self-taught undergraduate course system in general universities in China was analyzed,and reform ideas and programs were present-ed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Based onchemistry-biology-psychology-society-medicine-pharmacyin the overall framework of pharmacy undergraduate self-examination course system,it was designed with target of cultivating applied talents;related con-tents in public basic courses,humanities basic course and professional ethics course should throughout the whole teaching process;professional main course should be pharmaceutical knowledge-based,supplemented by medical related courses;the school should set vocational elective course to reform based on combining with the own teaching research direction,characteristics and career ori-entation of different self-taught students. The reform can develop applied talents with ability and political integrity,which meets the needs of social development.

The 4 brands of subject librarian service in Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the past 10 year were summarized ( namely the mass organization of students, cooperation between universities and en-terprises, micro and new technology service, and innovative service) , and the subject librarians-faced challenges at present and in the future were elaborated, with suggestions proposed for improving their information literacy.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the standardization of online pharmacies pharmacist service. METHODS:Lit-erature research method,online entity investigation method and the method of mysterious customer were adopted to investigate 10 well-known online pharmacies,then described the analysis of current online pharmacies pharmacist service in China. RESULTS:There were 5 online pharmacies showing pharmacist service,but only 1 pharmacy could provide pharmacist registration certificate;on average each online pharmacy was allocated with 1.9 licensed pharmacists;only 2 online pharmacies provided 24 hours of phar-macist service;8 online pharmacies provided more than 2 consulting method;messagebox would pop actively when clicking the“Buy”button in 6 online pharmacies;the correct rate of pharmacist’s guidance was less than 60%,only 20% pharmacists could provide right explanation. CONCLUSIONS:The reasons of the lack of online pharmacies pharmacist service include online pharma-cies imperfect laws and regulations and supervision,lack of licensed pharmacists quantity and quality is not high enough,online pharmacies,pharmacists consulting system is not mature. Online pharmacies can improve relevant laws and regulations,strengthen the government supervision,reasonable and effective use of licensed pharmacists resources,perfect the pharmacist online consult-ing service water system and improve the licensed pharmacists to improve pharmacists service function status.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of Taizhian in treatment of aged patients with primary hyperlipidemia.Methods Sixty patients with hyperlipidemia were divided into two groups.Taizhian and simvastatin of 10mg/d group have 30 patients (group A),simultaneously were given simvastatin 10mg before sleep and Taizhian three pills,po,tid for 8wk;30 patients (group B) were given simvastatim 20mg,before sleep for 8 wk.By using full-anutomatic biochemical analytic instrument to measure all lipidemia markers.Results In these two groups,the levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,AI decreased and HDL-C increased(P0 05).In the two groups the adverse reaction were mild.Conclustions Taizhian and simvastatin of 10mg/d are so effective in treatment hyperlipidemia as simvastatin of 20mg/d,while the former can decrease the adverse reaction.

Objective To investigate the effects of a-melanocyte stimulating hormone (?MSH) on serum cytokine levels in rats with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by acute hemorrhagic shock and intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration (two-hit model) .Methods Thirty male SD rats weighing (337? 25) g were randomly assigned to six groups of five animals in each group: group A normal control; group B ARDS control; group C-F treatment groups in which ?MSH 1.7 mg/kg was given at different time points - Ih before LPS(C), at the time as LPS was administratered (D), 1h after LPS (E) or together with and 3 h and 6 h after LPS (F) . The animals were anesthetized with intravenous thiopental 30 mg?kg-1 and tracheotomized and mechanically ventilated (FiO2 : 0.5, RR 100 bpm, VT12ml, I: E = 1:1.5) . Right common carotid artery was cannulated for BP monitoring, removal of blood and blood sampling. Acute hemorrhagic shock was induced by removal of blood and MAP was maintained at 45 mm Hg for 1 h, then the animals were resuscitated with reinfusion of removed blood and lactated Ringer's solution, then endotoxin (LPS 200 ?g/kg in 500 ?l normal saline). The criterion for ARDS was PaO2/FiO2

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the junior high school students reared by their grandparents in 0～3 years old have more emotional and behavioral problems than their counterparts who reared by birth parents since birth. MethodsThis study was carried out to compare emotional and behavioral outcomes,using Youth Self-Report(YSR) between junior high school students reared by their grandparents in 0～3 years old and junior high school students reared by birth parents since their birth. ResultsTwo-sample test showed that the study group had significantly higher raw scores of the YSR sub-scale of somatic complaint[(2.93±2.83) vs (2.00±2.35),t=2.08,P＜0.05],social problems[(3.56±2.20) vs (2.42±1.99),t=3.15,P＜0.01],thought problems[(3.29±3.26) vs (2.16±2.29),t=2.30,P＜0.05],delinquency [(2.77±2.33) vs 2.01±1.60),t=2.19,P＜0.05] ,aggression[(7.89±6.32) vs 5.96±4.66),t=2.01,P＜0.05],externalizing problems [(10.67±8.07) vs (7.97±5.61),t=2.19,P＜0.05]and total problems [(42.64±22.76) vs (33.61±19.25),t=2.47,P＜0.05]than the comparison group. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to control the effects of live events stress. The following analyses showed that the two groups showed no significant difference except for social problems (P＜0.05). ConclusionMany factors that affect mental health of the junior high school students. There is a significant differences in the social problems between the junior high school students reared by grandparents from infancy to the toddler stage and their counterparts. The grandparents should pay more attention to help their grandchildren developing social skills in their babyhood.

Objective To discuss the effects and mechanisms of tetramethylpyrazine(TMP)on learning and memory abilities of Alzheimer's disease(AD)mice.Methods The animal models of AD were induced by aluminium trichloride(AlCl3)intragasticly for forty days.Then,TMP was intragastricly administered for twenty days.The escape latency of the mice in water maze test was recorded;and AChE and SOD activities and MDA levels in the brain were detected by chemical eoiorimetrie method.The expressions of At3 and NF-κB in the cerebral cortex were measured by immunohistochemistry method.Results 1)TMP has markedly decreased escape latency in AlCl3 induced AD mice(P＜0.05).2)In the brain of AlCl3 induced AD mice,TMP reduced AChE activity 19%[(1.37±0.13)U·mgpro-1vs(1.69±0.27)U·mgprot-1,P=0.016],decreased MDA levels 34% [(43.63 4-13.27)nmol·mgprot-1 vs(28.59±8.52)nmol·mgprot-1,P=0.023]and increased SODD activity 39%[(55.81±10.25)U·mgprot-1 vs(40.04±13.06)U·mgprot-1,P=0.026],respectively.These resuits showed significant difference with model mice group(P＜0.05).3)TMP also decreased AB and NF-κB expressions in the cerebral cortex of AD mice models(P＜0.05).Conclusion In AlCl3 induced AD mice,TMP can remarkably enhance the learning and memory abilities,presumably in relation to raise the activity of SOD,reduce the activity of AChE,the levels of MDA and the expressions of AB and NF-κB in the brain.