Carvedilol is a novel β-receptor blocker with vasodilative and potent antioxidative effects. It may inhibit the activation of transduction factors induced by oxygen radicals, block the gene expression in cardiac remodeling, and decrease cardiomyocyte apoptosis. It is reported that carvedilol may reduce the in vivo oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and auto-antibody titre of antioxidant and increase the antioxidative capacity of LDL. Carvedilol and its metabolite BM-910228 may inhibit the inotropic response induced by oxygen radicals. Carvedilol may provide cardiac protection in acute myocardial ischemia and improve cardiac function, reduce the mortality rate of heart failure.

Warfarin is widely used as one of the coumarins anticoagulation drugs in the clinical.Every physician has been disturbed by its narrow therapic index and bleeding complications.It is a difficult thing for the doctor to use it rationally.However,recently,with the rapid development of molecule biology,some research find that gene polymorphism of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics cause the individual variability in drug response.In this review,we focus on the latest development in pharmacogenomics of warfarin at home and abroad in order to give some suggestions for the individual use of warfarin.

Inflammatory bowel disease( IBD),comprising Crohn’s disease( CD)and ulcerative colitis( UC),is a chronic intestinal inflammatory disease and its etiology has not yet been clarified. Studies showed that intestinal microbiota disorder is closely associated with the development and progression of IBD. Currently,fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)is considered as a special organ transplantation and used in treatment of IBD,Clostridium difficile infection, irritable bowel syndrome,metabolic syndrome,etc. This article reviewed the relationship between FMT and IBD.

Objective To understand the perception of health status in people with prehypertension. Methods Using the phenomenological method, 15 people with prehypertension were interviewed; the interview results were analyzed deeply. Results Five themes were extracted about health status:obscured perception about prehypertension and hypertension;absence of noticeable symptoms;necessity to change life-style, but lack of effective health self-management; many factors hindering effective health self-management; desire for professional help. Conclusions Perception of health status in people with prehypertension indicated deficiencies in health self-management. What they need were accessible professional support and intervention program that pay attention to people′s health belief and behavioral motivation.

Objective To verify the linear range of WBC measured by CD3700 hematocyte counter. Methods The high-valued specimen was prepared with the enriched white coat,and diluted as a series of concentrations of specimens with the physiological saline. Every specimen was measured for twice,and the sequence of specimens was random. And the Grubbsper test, polynomial regression anal-ysis,and random error estimation were performed. Results There is no outlier in the test results. Re-gression analysis showed it displayed linear in the range of 0 to 219 × 109/L,and the random error was within the allowable limit of our laboratory. Conclusion The linear range of WBC measured by CD3700 hematoeyte counter is coincident to what the manufacturer claims.

Objective:To investigate influence of living locations on the personality characteristics of the only child and none-only children in an air force academy.Methods:1921 cadets were tested by the Chinese version of the MBTI-G.Results:Scores of the only child cadets from cities on the Sensing-Intuition and Thinking-Feeling dimensions were higher than those of none-only children group from cities and those of the only child group from countries.The scores of them on the SN scale were 93.0?18.5,90.4?17.6 and 90.1?17.7(t=2.25,P=0.025;t=1.99,P= 0.048).The scores of them on the TF scale were 94.6?22.6,89.1?21.1 and 88.4?21.0(t=4.02,P

Objective To investigate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)in breast cancers, and understand its clinical significance.Methods The immunohistochemistry was used to determine the ex- pression of COX-2 in the 40 tissues of breast cancer and 18 adjacent noncancerous mammary tissues.Results The positive expression of COX-2 was detected in 52.5% of breast cancer tissues and in 11.1% of adjacent noncancerous mammary tissues.There was a significant difference in the expression of COX-2 between breast cancer tissues and adjacent noncancerous mammary tissues(P0.05).Conclusion COX-2 was over expressed in breast cancer and correlated with metastatic lymph nodes and HER-2/neu.The expression of COX-2 may play an important role in carcinogen- esis,progression and prognosis of breast cancer.

Objective: To study chemical constituents of Cudrania tricuspidata . Method: The 80% ethanolic extract of Cudrania tricuspidata was analyzed by column chromatography of silica gel and Sephadex LH 20. Result: Six compounds were extracted from the ethanolic extract part. Conclusion: They were elucidated as syringaresinol, schizandrin, gomisin A, gomisin H, ? sitosterol and ? sitosterol 3 O ? D glucopyranoside respectively. Among them, syringaresinol, schizandrin, gomisin A, gomisin H were obtained from this species for the first time.

Objective To evaluate the efficiency of inhaling penehyelidine hydyoehloride(PHC)in reducing pulmonary arterial pressure and improving lung funetion in patients with acute exaeerbation of ehronie obstruetive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Methods Sixty patients with AECOPD were randomly divided into the control group(30 patients) and the treatment group(30 patients).The patients in treatment group inhaled PHC,and patients in control group inhaled diprophylline.The pulmonary arterial pressure was measured before and after inhalation.The peak expiratory flow(PEF) and forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1)was measured at different time points before and after inhalation. Arterial blood gas and,symptoms were also observed.Results The pulmonary arterial pressure in treatment group was reduced by 20% and reduced by 5% in the control group.FEV1 and PEF were improved after inhalation,the average increase of FEV1 was 350 ml(P＜0.01),and PEF was improved by 37 L/min(P＜0.05).Arterial blood gas analysis was improved,and PaO_2 increased by 18 mmHg(P＜0.01).The respiratory rate and the symptoms of cough and sputum were also improved.Conclusion PHC improved the lung function of patients with AECOPD by reducing the pulmonary arterial pressure.

Background Hypoxia is an important cause resulting in many retinal diseases,such as retinal edema,diabetic retinopathy,proliferative retinopathy and so on.ObjectiveThis study is to investigate the effects of hypoxia on the expression of AQP-4 in Müller cells in vitro.MethodsMüller cells were isolated from New Zealand white rabbits and primarily cultured in DMEM containing 20% fetal bovine serum by the explant culture method.The cells were identified by immunostaining for the glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP).Generation 2 of cells was cultivated with the chemical hypoxia inducer,CoCl_2,for 24 hours in the hypoxic group and only with DMEM in the control group.The expression of the AQP-4 protein in Müller cells was detected by immunocytochemistry.The expression of AQP-4 mRNA was determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).ResultsAbout 90% of Müller cells(generation 2) presented a positive immunoreactivity for GFAP,showing a brown staining in the cytoplasm.Cultured cells displayed the presence of intermediate filaments,microvillus and various cellular organs.The Integralabsorbance of the AQP-4 protein in Müller cells was markedly increased 24 hours after incubation with CoCl_2 in comparison with the control group (t=6.74,P＜0.05).The expression level of AQP-4 mRNA in Müller cells was significantly enhanced 24 hours after incubation with CoCl_2 in comparison with the control group (t=21.79,P＜0.05). ConclusionHypoxia enchances the expression of AQP-4 in Müller cells and further increases fluid accumulation in the retina.These results suggest that Müller cells play an important role in the formation of retinal edema in diabetic retinopathy or proliferative retinopathy.