Objective To evaluate intra- and interatrial asynchrony and its determinants in aged patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) by using tissue Doppler imaging. Methods Ninty-one patients without PAF (control group, including 40 elder patients and 51 non-elder patients) and 52 aged patients with PAF were included. As to assessment of intra- and interatrial synchronicity, the atrioventricular plane were selected on the right atrial (RA) free wall, interatrial septum (IAS), and left atrial (LA) free wall. The time differences from the onset of the P wave to the onset of the A wave at the left atrium (P-LA), the IAS (P-IAS), and the right atrium (P-RA) were measured. Intra-atrial asynchrony was defined as the differences between P-IAS and P-RA (RA asynchrony) and between P-LA and P-IAS (LA asynchrony). Interatrial asynchrony was defined as the difference between P-LA and P-RA. Stepwise regression was made to determine the influencing factors for atrial asynchrony in aged patients with PAF. Results Compared with the control group, aged patients with PAF had significant LA and interatrial asynchrony (P＜0.01). Multivariate stepwise regression demonstrated that systolic blood pressure (x2), age (x1) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI x5) entered the regression equation in aged patients with PAF (Y=-57.241+0.481 x1+0.223 x2+0.294 x5). Conclusions Aged patients with PAF have LA and interatrial asynchrony. LVH, aged and SBP are important factors leading to these asynchronies in the aged patients with PAF.

Objective:To explore the immune response in mice fed orally with the conjugated antigen of HpaA-CtxB(HCTB).Methods:A recombinant strain which could express bivalent antigen of HpaA and CtxB subunit was constructed. HpaA and CtxB gene was amplified by PCR. The DNA products of HpaA and CtxB were inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector pQE-30 respectively, and then translated into E.coli strain DH5? to express HCTB fusion protein. Its immunogenicity was analyzed by Western blot. After purification, to fed mice by oral immunization. The change of antigen-specific ASC antibody(IgG and IgA) in the mucosa of the animals were detected by ELISPOT and ELISA assay. Results:HCTB fusion gene was sequenced as 1 161 bp, the fusion protein encoded polypeptides of 387 amino acid residues.The molecular weight was 40 kD analysed by SDS-PAGE. The level of soluble expression product was about 41.67% of total cell protein. After affinity chromatography, the purity of fusion protein was above 92%.Western blot analysis confirmed that fusion protein could be specifically recognized by the serum of anti-HpaA and anti-CT. Antigen-specific ASC and antibody response in animals immunized with HCTB or HpaA was determined by ELISPOT and ELISA. The results showed that the number of sIgA and IgG-ASC increased significantly in PP and gastric mucosa, especially those of the sIgA-ASC by orally immunization with HCTB. The levels of specific antibody were also higher than those of controls. Conclusion:The results indicated that the oral immunization with HCTB induces effective mucosal immune respones and produced higher levels sIgA. The recombinant fusion protein HCTB can be used as an effective oral vaccine for prevention and treatment of infection of Hp.

Objective: To study the effects of TNF ? on wound healing. Methods: The skin lesion and incisions were made on mice and rh TNF ? was applied in both skin lesion and incision. Tissue strips were evaluated for tensiometry and histologic features after healing. Results: It was found that rh TNF ? markedly improved wound healing both in skin lesion and incision wound model, it also markedly enhanced the breaking strength of treated incision and increased wound cellularity in rh TNF ? treated groups. Conclusion: The results suggest that TNF ? play an important role in regulating inflammatory reactions of local injured tissues and it may improve the functions of fibroblasts, mononuclear phagocytes and endothelial cells. rh TNF ? of suitable doses can promote wound healing. This shows that TNF ?, as a wound healing promoter, has the potentials for clinical application.

Objective: To study the relationship between interleukin(IL) 6, IL 8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF ?) and wound healing. Methods: In lower jaw gunshot wound, the expression of IL 6, IL 8, TNF ? in local soft tissues was assayed by using immunohistochemistry methods. The current levels of IL 6, IL 8, TNF ? in wound tissues was analysed by using image assay. Results: High expressions of these cytokines were observed in local soft tissues of wounds during the first 3 d after the gunshot. The cytokines expressions were different between the area near the bullet path and that far from the path. There was only one peak of the cytokines concentration in the area far from the bullet path, while there were 2 peaks of the cytokines concentration in the area near the bullet path.Conclusion: These results suggest that IL 6, IL 8, TNF ? play an important role in regulating inflammatory reactions of local injured tissues. They may improve the functions of fibroblasts, mononuclear phagocytes and endothelial cells and stimulate wound cells to produce and release other cytokines.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis in patients with coronary heart disease by multiple statistical methods of matching matrix, factor analysis and clustering analysis, and to provide some references for classification and normalization of diagnosis of syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis of coronary heart disease. METHODS: The correlations among 46 kinds of symptoms in syndrome of non-phlegm and non-blood stasis, syndrome of blood stasis, syndrome of phlegm and syndrome of phlegm-blood stasis blocking in 200 patients with coronary heart disease were analyzed by matching matrix, factor analysis and clustering analysis. RESULTS: The manifestations of tongue and pulse in syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis were significantly different from those in syndrome of non-phlegm and non-blood stasis. The pathogenesis of viscera in syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis lied in the heart and kidney, and the syndrome of deficiency of heart qi was the most common one while the syndrome of deficiency of kidney qi took the secondary place. The syndrome of phlegm was often accompanied by syndrome of deficiency of spleen qi. Only 15 ones of 46 clinical symptoms showed high frequency in concomitant appearance in syndrome of blood stasis, syndrome of phlegm and syndrome of phlegm-blood stasis blocking. Apart from having the common symptoms in syndrome of deficiency in origin, the syndrome of phlegm especially showed white and greasy fur and slippery pulse as well as distention and fullness of chest and abdominal distension; the syndrome of blood stasis showed purplish tongue and ecchymosis on tongue as well as fixed pain; and the syndrome of phlegm-blood stasis blocking showed the main symptoms of both syndrome of phlegm and syndrome of blood stasis. CONCLUSION: The statistical methods of matching matrix, factor analysis and clustering analysis are convenient, and can definitely indicate the clinical characteristics and syndrome differentiation of viscera of different syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis, which are beneficial to further research of diagnosis and differentiation of such syndromes of coronary heart disease.

Objective Not much information is available on the comparative analysis of G test on diagnosis of deep fungal in -fection by colormetric and turbidimetric measurements .The purpose of this paper was to explore the clinical value of fungal (1-3)-β-D-glucan detection kit ( colormetric measurement ) . Methods 89 clinical samples collected from Hainan Branch of PLA General Hos-pital were detected by fungal (1-3)-β-D-glucan detection kit (turbidimetric measurement) and fungal (1-3)-β-D-glucan detection kit ( colormetric measurement ) respectively , among which 32 cases were from disease group ( deep fungal infection in patients ) and 57 ca-ses were from control group ( healthy person ) .The comparison was made on the sensitivity , specificity and accuracy of these two meth-ods. Results The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of colormetric measurement kit on the diagnosis of deep fungal infection were obviously higher than those of turbidimetry method kit (81.2%vs 53.1%, 91.2%vs 75.4%, 87.6%vs 67.4%, P<0.05), which was of significant difference .Detection result of colormetric method had a positive coincidence rate with other systems '( except respira-tory system) deep fungal infection, which was obviously higher than turbidimetry method (92.8%vs 57.1%, P<0.05).Positive co-incidence rate and total coincidence rate between colormetric method kit and clinical diagnosis result on differentiate samples were obviously higher than those of turbidimetric method kit (P=0.01). Conclusion Colormetric measurement kit has higher accuracy and higher coincidence rate with clinical diagnosis than turbidimetry meas-urement kit , which is better for clinical service .

The effects of tumor suppressor in lung cancer-1(TSLC1)upregulation on gene expressions involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in Hepa1-6 cells were investigated.The results showed that TSLC1 overexpression decreased fatty acid synthase and acetyl CoA carboxylase expressions(P<0.05 or P<0.01),increased adipose triglyceride lipase expression(P<0.05),and did not change hormone-sensitive lipase,glucose transporter (GLUT)1,and GLUT4 expressions.These results suggest that TSLC1 overexpression may promote lipolysis and inhibit adipogenesis in liver cells.

Objective To observe the effects of JAZF1 (Juxtaposed with another zinc finger gene 1 ) overexpression on glucose and lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Methods The tissue distribution of JAZF1 in healthy C57BL/6J mice was detected by real-time quantitative PCR( RT-QPCR). Expression vector for JAZF1 gene was constructed and transfected into 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The mRNA levels of JAZF1, GLUT1, GLUT4, FAS, ACC, SREBP1, ATGL, and HSL implicated in glucose and lipid metabolism were determined by RT-QPCR; JAZF1 protein level was measured by Western blot. Intracelluar lipid accumulation were measured by oil red O staining method. Results In JAZF1-transfected adipocytes, JAZF1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher than control cells after 48 h. The mRNA level of HSL was increased significantly (P<0. 05) in JAZF1 transfection group compared with negative control and empty vector group, and the expressions of FAS, ACC, SREBP1 mRNA were decreased significantly(all P<0.01). However, the mRNA levels of ATGL, GLUT1, GLUT4 were not changed. Intracelluar lipid accumulation was decreased significantly (P<0.05 ) by oil red O staining and colorimetric in JAZF1 -transfected cells compared with negative control and empty vector group. Conclusions There was an extensive expression of JAZF1 in various tissues of C57BL/6J mice,indicating that JAZF1 might play a role in maintaining normal physiological function. These results show that overexpression of JAZF1 in 3T3-L1 cells can reduce lipid synthesis, increase lipolysis, and improve lipid accumulation. JAZF1 might provide a new potential therapeutic target for obesity and diabetes.

Objective To analyse the relationship between cytochrome C release and the opening degree of the permeability transition pore (PTP) during in post cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) rats. Method Adult male Sprague Dawley (SD)rats were randomly (random number ) divided into a surgical sham group (no CA/CPR) ( n = 8) and CA/CPR group ( n = 48). Animals in CA/CPR group was induced by asphyxiation and icecold 0.5 mmol/L KCI and killed by decapitation and processed for isolation of brain cortex mitochondria at 3 h,6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). MPTP opening degree was based on the absorbance changes of the mitochondrial suspension at 540 nm. Western blot analysed the release of CytC from mitochondrial to cytoplast. Results Neural cells MPTP always remained opening post ROSC. The opening degree of MPTP was not reaching the peak instantly. While its' change depended on time: remaining low level within 6 h post ROSC,then rapidly opening, till 12 h reaching the largest degree,and at 24 h post ROSC slightly shrunken. All these suggested that mitochondria started to shink. While at 48 h the opening degree largen again, shrunken once more at 72 h,but not reaching the normal level ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01). Cytochrome C could not be detected in the cytosol in the earlier phases of the sham-operated brain samples but appeared in the mitochondria.The amount of cytochrome C released was proportional after restoration of spontaneous circulation 3 h and 24 h,failed to detect the enzyme in the mitochondria fraction. Conclusions We draw the conclusion MPTP plays a key role in neurocyte apoptosis after CA/CPR, which leads to mitochondria release CytC.

[Objective] To refer a geographical distribution rule of alpha-L-fucosidase (AFU) reference values for the health adults in China via exploring its spatial distribution trend and its correlation with geographical factors.[Methods] A total of 6564 samples of AFU reference values from 66 administrative units in the years 2004-2015 were collected,male and female of which were 3701 cases (56.4％) and 2863 cases (46.3％).A research concerning AFU reference values in whole country were calculated using methods of information content and ridge regression.[Results] AFU reference values for Chinese healthy adults were influenced by geographical factors and presented autocorrelation,and it showed eastern and northern areas were highery than western and southern areas.[Conclusions] AFU reference values have a spatial variation and the regional disparities should be considered in practice.