Objective System evolution relationship and molecular identification method of the germplasm resources of Lycoris aurea from different regions was analyzed based on the sequence of psbA-trnH chloroplast gene. Methods DNA samples of 52 L. aurea populations were extracted from 15 provinces or cities in China. The psbA-trnH sequences of the populations were amplified by PCR, and the purified PCR products were sequenced and analyzed by Mega 5.0 software etc. Results The length of psbA-trnH sequences were 544-656 bp, and GC content of them was 35.8%-37.0%, and the genetic distances among the populations were 0-0.009 47. There were 33 variable (polymorphic) sites, including nine parsimony informative sites and 18 singleton variable sites and six insertion/deletion gaps. Ten haplotypes (H) were identified. Values of haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (π) were 0.749 and 0.002 63, respectively. The genetic diversity of the populations of L. aurea were very high. In the maximum parsimony phylogenetic tree, 52 populations of L. aurea were clustered into four branches, which was almost consistent with their geographical distributions. Conclusion The genetic variation of L. aurea populations from different regions is significant and the psbA-trnH sequence could be used as a molecular evidence for identifying the germplasm resources of L. aurea from different regions. There is very obvious regional characteristics in evolution for germplasm resources of L. aurea in China.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the immuno-effects of hepatitis B (HB) vaccination in adults.

METHODSFive groups were sampled by means of cluster sampling, and serum HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc were tested in every group at people aged from 18 to 50. Recombinant HB vaccine was injected to the ones that HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc were all negative. Concentration of anti-HBs in serum was tested after one year and three years of vaccination. Immuno-effects of recombinant HB vaccination in adults at different ages and between sexes, were then calculated.

RESULTSGood immuno-effects of recombinant HB vaccination in adults were noticed. After one year and three years of vaccination with 5 micro g recombinant HB vaccine, the anti-HBs positive rates were 82.76%, 70.77% while the serum concentrations of anti-HBs were 55.91 mIU/ml and 35.41 mIU/ml respectively. When 10 micro g was used, the concentrations were 83.74%, 72.22%, 56.89 mIU/ml and 30.29 mIU/ml respectively. The effects did not show significant differences between different doses on 10 micro g and of 5 micro g. Concentration of anti-HBs reduced when time went by. The factors such as age and sex influenced the effects of immunity on recombinant HB vaccination.

CONCLUSIONGood immunity could be obtained when recombinant hepatitis B was vaccinated in vulnerable population aged 18 to 50.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; immunology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; immunology

Objective To explore the role of apoptosis of neutrophils and vascular endothelial cells and changes of relative cytokines and thrombotic factors in the pathogenesis of traumatic sepsis at the advanced stage.Methods The venous blood was collected from the patients with traumatic sepsis at advanced stage and traumatic patients without sepsis and healthy subjects.The peripheral hlood mononu- clear cells(PBMC)and neutrophils were isolated and cultured.The apoptosis of neutrophils and vascular endothelial cells was assayed,and the level of IL-4,IL-10 in PBMC culture supernatants were deter- mined,and the tissue factor(TF)and vW factor(vWF)of peripheral plasma were measured.Results The percentages of apoptosis of neutrophils and numbers of apoptotic circulating vascular endothelial cells were higher than that of traumatic patients without sepsis and healthy controls significantly.And the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4,IL-10 and thrombotic factors TF,vWF in traumatic sepsis were elevated than that of traumatic patients without sepsis and controls too.Conclusion Immune suppres- sion and abnormal thrombotic state may be one characteristic of traumatic sepsis at advanced stage,which perhaps involveds in the pathogenesis of traumatic sepsis at the advanced stage and multiple organ dys- function syndrome.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) after Roux-en-Y reconstruction. Methods 22 cases underwent ERCP after Roux-en-Y reconstruction from January 2015 to January 2017 were collected, the operating time, success rate of endoscopy and treatment, related complications were analyzed. Results ERCP was performed in 22 cases about Roux-en-Y reconstruction of digestive tract, the mean insertion and cannulation time was 74.1 and 22.5 minutes; the overall success rate was 81.8% (18/22) and 77.2% (17/22), and no major complications occurred. Conclusions ERCP can be used as a safe and effective method for the diagnosis and treatment on the Roux-en-Y reconstruction of digestive tract.

We investigated the molecular characteristics of the full-length genome of 5 dengue serotype 4 virus (DENV-4) strains isolated in Yunnan Province,China,2015 and their molecular epidemiological feature.Isolation of dengue virus was using C6/36 cell culture method.Viral RNA was extracted from virus isolates,then the full-length genome was amplified by RT-PCR.The homology and phylogenetic analysis was made on the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences by bioinfor matics softwares including ClastalX1.83 and MEGA6 etc.Results showed that five strains of DENV-4 isolated from dengue fe ver cases in Ruili City of Yunnan Province in 2015,of these,2 strains from indigenous cases,3 from imported cases from Lashio and Nam Can cities of Myanmar to Ruili of China.RT-PCR and sequencing indicated that the full-length genes (10 661 nt) of 5 DENV-4 strains were obtained,and their open reading frame (103-10 264) were coded 3 386 amino acid residues.Phylogenetic tree and homology analysis based on the comeplete genome or structural and non-structural protein genes showed that the 5 DENV 4 isolates were highly homologous and gathered in an evolution as well as they have a closer genetic relationship with the DENV-4 genotype Ⅰ (G-Ⅰ) strains isolated from Thailand.Results indicated that the Yunnan strains belonged to G-Ⅰ.Yunnan strains and Thailand strains compared with DENV 4 prototype strain (H241,Philippines 1956) and Guangzhou strain (B5,1990) of China and showed low homology and evolutionary relationship.When Yunnan strains compared with H241 strain,there were 21 and 45 different sites in amino acid of structural and non-structural proteins,respectively.This is the first time in Yunnan to obtain full-length genomes sequence of DENV-4 and they have closer evolutionary relationship with DENV 4G-Ⅰ strains from Southeast Asia region in recent years.The autochthonous DENV-4 epidemic in Yunnan was detected for the first time,and the virus transmission sources were from neighboring northern Myanmar.It is necessary to further study that change of the amino acid sites of Yunnan strains of DENV-4 is related to its antigenicity and virulence.

OBJECTIVENaFeEDTA was considered as a promising iron fortificant for controlling iron deficiency anemia. Soy sauce is a suitable food carrier for iron fortification and is a popular condiment in China. Iron absorption rates of NaFeEDTA and FeSO4 were observed and compared in adult female subjects.

METHODSThe stable isotope tracer method was used in Chinese females consuming a typical Chinese diet. Ten healthy young Chinese women were selected as subjects in the 15-day study. A plant-based diet was used based on the dietary pattern of adult women in the 1992 National Nutrition Survey. Six milligram of 54Fe in 54FeSO4 soy sauce and 3 mg 58Fe in Na58FeEDTA soy sauce were given to the same subjects in two days. Food samples and fecal samples were collected and analyzed.

RESULTSIron absorption rates of NaFeEDTA and FeSO4 were 10.51% +/- 2.83 and 4.73% +/- 2.15 respectively. The 58Fe (NaFeEDTA) absorption was significantly higher than that of 54Fe (FeSO4) (P < 0.01). The iron absorption rate from NaFeEDTA was 1.2 times higher than that from FeSO4 in Chinese adult women consuming a typical Chinese diet.

CONCLUSIONThe higher absorption rate of NaFeEDTA suggested that NaFeEDTA would be a better iron fortificant used in soy sauce for the controlling of iron deficiency anemia in China.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; Edetic Acid ; pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Ferric Compounds ; pharmacokinetics ; Ferrous Compounds ; pharmacokinetics ; Food, Fortified ; Humans ; Iron ; pharmacokinetics ; Soy Foods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the infection status and epidemiological characteristics of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in influenza-like illness (ILI) of children ( ≤ 14 years) in Wuhan area from 2008 to 2012.

METHODSA total of 2854 cases of ILI patients ( ≤ 14 years) in a hospital of Wuhan were recruited in the study from July 2008 to June 2012. The sample of pharyngeal swab was collected from each patient, to extract the virus nucleic acids. Real-time fluorescent quantitation reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) method was applied to detect the subtypes of influenza virus and RSV, and then analyzed the time and age characteristics.

RESULTSOut of the 2854 cases, 758 (26.6%) were positive for influenza virus,including 547 (19.2%) influenza A virus positive samples and 211 (7.4%) influenza B virus positive samples. Usually, there were two peaks present in the annual curve of influenza virus, namely summer peak and winter/spring peak. The positive rate of influenza virus in 6-14 years old children (48.0%, 275/573) was significantly higher than that in 3-5 years old children (26.6%, 213/801) and that under 3 years old children (18.3%, 270/1480). The difference showed statistical significance (χ(2) = 187.432, P < 0.01). A total of 219 (7.7%) cases were positive for RSV,including 108 RSV-A positive samples and 112 RSV-B positive samples (1 co-infection). The epidemic of RSV showed an obvious seasonal pattern with peaks in autumn,winter and spring,which accounted for 96.8% (212/219) of all the cases; however, the annual incidence of RSV fluctuated greatly. The predominant subtype shifted every 2 years. RSV-B predominated during September 2008 and May 2009, December 2009 and March 2010, accounting for 76.6% (36/47) and 96.9% (62/64) respectively. RSV-A predominated during November 2010 and March 2011, September 2011 and April 2012, accounting for 92.5% (37/40) and 100.0% (48/48) respectively. With the increase of the age, the positive rate of RSV-A and RSV-B decreased gradually (RSV-A: χ(2) = 36.223, P < 0.01; RSV-B: χ(2) = 36.281, P < 0.01). The positive rates of RSV-A in children < 1,1,2,3,4,5-9 and 10-14 years old were 7.0% (26/373), 5.9% (39/662), 4.0% (18/445), 3.2% (13/406), 1.3% (3/236), 1.4% (7/517) and 0.9% (2/215) respectively; while, the positive rates of RSV-B in each age group were 6.4% (24/373), 6.0% (40/662), 4.5% (20/445), 4.4% (18/406), 1.3% (3/236), 1.0% (5/517) and 0.9% (2/215) respectively. The children aged 0-3 years old were more susceptible for RSV infection,accounting for 90.0% (197/219) of the total positive samples. During the outbreak of influenza A H1N1 in November 2009, the positive rate of RSW was 3.0% (3/100), lower than that in the same month of 2008, 2010 and 2011,which were separately 18.2% (6/33), 10.8% (10/93) and 10.0% (4/40). The difference showed statistical significance (χ(2) = 8.450, P < 0.05). During the outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in January 2011,the positive rate of RSV was 5.7% (3/53), lower than those in the same month of 2009, 2010 and 2012, which was separately 21.7% (5/23), 28.6% (22/77) and 16.0% (8/50). The difference showed statistical significance (χ(2) = 11.233,P < 0.05). During the period of less influenza happened in September 2011, the RSV positive rate was 25.0% (10/40), higher than those in the same month of 2008, 2009 and 2010, which was separately 11.4% (4/35), 1.7% (2/118) and 0.0% (0/109). The difference showed statistical significance (χ(2) = 32.521, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONBoth influenza virus and RSV were important etiological agents of ILI of children in Wuhan. The characteristics of seasonal and age distributions of the two viruses were notably different; meanwhile, a certain inhibitional effect of influenza virus on RSV could be observed.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; Male ; Orthomyxoviridae ; classification ; isolation & purification ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; epidemiology ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; classification ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo retrospectively review the perioperative management for primary tracheal malignant tumors resected under cardiopulmonary bypass.

METHODSThe data of 6 patients with primary tracheal malignant tumors who underwent surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass from December 1999 to August 2003 were reviewed. Cardiopulmonary bypass was established through right femoral vessels in 2 patients for emergency operation, through right atrium and ascending aorta in 4 patients. Sleeve tracheal resections in 3 patients, carinal resections and carina reconstructions in 2, and local enucleation in 1 were performed. Respiratory airway was kept patent by coughing and expectorating sputum.

RESULTSAll patients' dyspnea were relieved remarkably. The postoperative mechanic ventilation assistance lasted from 10 hours to 7 days. There was no perioperative mortality.

CONCLUSIONResection of primary tracheal malignant tumors with severe tracheal obstruction under cardiopulmonary bypass is practicable. Keeping respiratory airway patent perioperatively is very important and helpful to postoperative recovery.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Dyspnea ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Care ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retrospective Studies ; Tracheal Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Tracheotomy ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes in the expressions of inducible cyclooxygenase type 2 (COX-2) and membrane associated prostaglandin E-1(mPGES-1) in human carotid atherosclerotic plaques and to explore possible mechanisms of inflammatory process involved in plaque stability.

METHODSThe mRNA and protein levels of COX-2 and mPGES-1 were compared between minimally and grossly atherosclerotic arterial tissues. COX-2 and mPGES-1 gene expression were established by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 10 mesenchymal artery controls and 24 atherosclerotic specimens. Presence of COX-2 and mPGES-1 protein was assessed by Western blotting.

RESULTSImmunohistochemical staining showed that the COX-2 and mPGES-1 immunoreactive substances were present in the cytoplasm of smooth muscle cell. Compared with the control group, immunostaining positive cells increased in carotid atherosclerotic plaque group. COX-2 and mPGES-1 gene expression was significantly elevated in atherosclerotic plaques (P< 0.05, respectively). The increased mRNA and protein levels of COX-2 and mPGES-1 were correlated in atherosclerotic tissue (P< 0.05). The mRNA and protein levels of COX-2 and mPGES-1 related to degree of pathological damage in atherosclerotic tissue (P< 0.05). COX-2 and mPGES-1 were not found in the control group (mesenteric vascular walls).

CONCLUSIONCOX-2 and mPGES-1 expression in plaques is significantly higher than that in the control group. These findings suggests that COX-2 and mPGES-1 might play a role in pathogenesis of atheroscleros and modulation of inflammatory process involved in plaque stability, and COX-2 may have proinflammatory enzyme properties.

Aged ; Atherosclerosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostaglandin-E Synthases ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

BACKGROUNDRoux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) is the main surgical procedure used in type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the different types of GBP in treatment of type 2 diabetes.

METHODSPatients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into two groups: those who underwent gastrojejunal loop anastomosis bypass and those who underwent gastrojejunal Roux-en-Y bypass. Blood glucose alterations, operation time, and operation complications were observed.

RESULTSGastrojejunal loop anastomosis bypass and gastrojejunal Roux-en-Y bypass were both effective in the treatment of selected patients with type 2 diabetes. Compared with gastrojejunal Roux-en-Y bypass, gastrojejunal loop anastomosis bypass had the advantages of easier implementation, shorter operation time, and fewer operation complications.

CONCLUSIONSGastrojejunal loop anastomosis is effective in treatment of type 2 diabetes. It is safe, easy to implement, and worthy of clinical popularization.

Adult ; Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; surgery ; Female ; Gastric Bypass ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome