Diterpenes, Abietane ; therapeutic use ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female ; drug therapy ; Humans

Objective:To study the pharmacokinetic parameters of gastrodin nasal in situ gel ( ISG) with the base of TMC-P407-P188-carbomer, and evaluate its brain-targeting ability preliminarily. Methods:Rats were used as the model animals. The experiment group was treated with gastrodin nasal in situ gel, and the control group was treated with gastrodin solution with intravenous administra-tion. The plasma sample and brain tissue ( cerebrum and cerebellum) were taken out at the predetermined time points, and the concen-tration of gastrodin in plasma and gastrodigenin in brain tissues were determined by HPLC to draw the curve of concentration vs time. The pharmacokinetic parameters such as MRT and AUC were calculated by 3P97 software. The bioavailability F (%) and the brain-targeting index BTI were compared between the groups. Results:The concentration of gastrodigenin in the brain tissues of grastrodin in situ gel was higher than that of gastrodin solution with intravenous administration (P<0. 05). AUC of cerebrum and cerebellum both increased significantly with BTI of 2. 38 and 1. 93, respectively. MRT increased by nearly two-fold in the gel group when compared with that in the control group, and F(%) increased significantly in cerebrum and cerebellum as well. Conclusion:Gastrodin nasal in situ gel with the base of TMC-P407-P188-carbomer has promising effectiveness. Meanwhile, it can improve the brain-targeting ability of gastrodin with sustained release.

Ever from FDA approved the Rituxan in 1997,an Anti-CD-20 chimeric antibody,there have been more than 20 antibodies approved and they have got into more than 56 countries.About half approvied antibodies are curing kinds of cancers and seven of them have got a excellent sale targets to be "Blockbuster Drug".As the cell culture technology improving,the large scale cell expression titer comes from 1g/L to 5g/L.At the same time,the culture scale is coming form 12,000L to 15,000L,even 20000L and it can run several bioreactors at the same time.All these are make the improvement of the antibody purification.The new edition of media,system,chromatography technology and filtration technology can product the protein to several tens kilogram antibody per cycle and tons per year,although the productivity is only several kilograms per cycle many years ago.Also the new combined technology makes a two-step chromatography production protocol come into been.This will highly improve the antibody productivity and save the investment cost.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of enteral nutrition during perioperation in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumor.Methods:Forty cases with gastrointestinal tumor were randomized into the experimental group(n=20) and the control group(n=20).The experimental group was given nutritional support with Peptison liquid and was maintained for 7 days.The control group was treated with conventional methods.Results:The experimental group had faster recovery of gastrointestinal function as compared with the control group.The nutrition status and cellular immune function were ameliorated markedly in experimental group.Conclusion:The enteral nutrition in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumor can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function,ameliorate nutrition status and cellular immune function.

Objective:To screen the best base for gastrodin nasal in situ gel ( ISG) to lay foundation for the development of gastrodin new preparation .Methods:Two bases were chosen , one was the combination of N-trimethyl chitosan ( TMC) , polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG4000) and glycerophosphate (GP), and another was the combination of TMC, poloxamer 407 (P407), poloxamer 188 (P188) and carbomer.With the nasal cavity temperature of 35℃as the test temperature, the gelling time of the two bases was determined to screen the optimal ratio.Furthermore, gastrodin was added into the two bases , and the gelling time was determined to choose the suitable base for the drug.Results:The base of TMC-PEG4000-GP couldn’t gel in the nasal cavity temperature when combined with gastrodin , while the base of TMC-P407-P188-carbomer could gel quickly when combined with gastrodin .Conclusion:TMC-P407-P188-carbomer can be used as the base for gastrodin nasal in situ gel .

OBJECTIVE: To establish an HPLC-UV-ESI-MSn method for the study of impurity profile of amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium tablets. METHODS: Agilent 1100 LC/MSD Trap liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used, and the column was Shim pack CLC-ODS RP18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase A was 20 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate (pH adjusted to 6.0), and the mobile phase B was 20 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate-acetonitrile (20∶80) (pH adjusted to 6.0). Gradient elution was performed at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. ESI source was used. Positive and negative ion scan was conducted with a scanning range of m/z 100-1 500. The nebulizing pressure was 275.8 kPa, dry gas flow was 9 L·min-1, and post-column diversion ratio was 1∶5. Some related substances were identified by comparing the retention time in the chromatography, [M+H]+ spectrum and MS2 spectrum with those of the reference substances, while the others which do not have reference substances were deduced or speculated by analyzing the MS2 or MSn fragmentation with the help of a rule summarized from the MS2 fragmentation of amoxicillin, clavulanic acid and system suitability impurity reference substances. RESULTS: A total of 15 related substances were separated and characterized including nine known impurities like amoxicilloic acid, amoxicillin dimer, etc. and six unknown impurities. CONCLUSION: The method can be applied in the identification and qualitative analysis of the related substances in amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium tablets and is helpful for the quality control and optimization of the synthetic process.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) fingerprint of Rhodiola rosea medicinal materials was established, and used to distinguish the quality of raw materials from different sources. Pulse sequence for water peak inhibition was employed to acquire 1H-NMR spectra with the temperature at 298 K and spectrometer frequency of 400.13 MHz. Through subsection integral method, the obtained NMR data was subjected to similarity analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). 10 batches raw materials of Rhodiola rosea from different origins were successfully distinguished by PCA. The statistical results indicated that rhodiola glucoside, butyl alcohol, maleic acid and alanine were the main differential ingredients. This method provides an auxiliary method of Chinese quality approach to evaluate the quality of Rhodiola crenulata without using natural reference substances.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Principal Component Analysis ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Rhodiola ; chemistry

This research focused on the doctors' changes based on the performance-payment reform from a district public hospital of Chongqing.The work compared the doctors' work efficiency,medical quality,scientific research,new technology and new project,cost control and patients burden.Performance-payment reform significantly activated doctors' self-study initiative and quality.The main running quotas of hospital,including stuff's positivity,work efficiency,medical quality,scientific research,new technology and new project,presented a better improvement trend.This not only reduced the patient cost burden,relieved the doctor-patient relationship,but also improved the hospital personnel cohesion,and strengthened the core competitiveness of the hospital.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the optimal steaming time of Carapax trionycis during cleansing period,and to optimize and improve production technology of Carapax trionycis recorded by current Chinese Pharmacopoeia. METHODS:The mechanical processing replaced the artificial processing method in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The content of protein and the appearance of Cara-pax trionycis were investigated after steaming for 30,60,90,120,180,240 min during cleansing period. The extract,decoction, ash content,appearance and property of Carapax trionycis decoction piece processed with vinegar were also investigated after cleansed Carapax trionycis decoction piece was processed by sand scalding and vinegar quenching method. RESULTS:The differ-ent steaming time obtained different quality of cleansed Carapax trionycis decoction piece and Carapax trionycis decoction piece pro-cessed with vinegar. Compared with decoction piece steamed for other duration,when the steaming time was 90 min,the content of protein in cleansed Carapax trionycis decoction piece was higher(31.16%),and its appearance was up to the requirement. Cara-pax trionycis decoction piece processed with vinegar had higher contents of extract and decoction(9.13%,11.39%)and lower con-tent of ash(66.29%),and its appearance was up to the requirement. CONCLUSIONS:Different steaming time have certain effect on the quality of cleansed Carapax trionycis and Carapax trionycis processed with vinegar,the optimal steaming time of Carapax tri-onycis is about 90 min during cleansing. The mechanical processing method maybe replace the artificial processing on Carapax tri-onycis for improving its production efficiency.

Objective To evaluate the effect of different doses of aspirin on the platelet inhibition rate by thremboelastography.Methods One hundred and eighty patients with ischemic stroke or transient cerebral ischemic attack (TIA) were randomly divided into aspirin 100 mg/d group (60 patients),aspirin 200 mg/d group (60 patients) and aspirin 300 mg/d group (60 patients) according to the order of treatment.The platelet inhibition rate which arachidonic acid pathway induced was measured by thromboelastography and compared at different time points (before medication; 7 days,6 months,1 year after medication).Results There were significant differences in the platelet inhibition rate after medication at different time points compared with that before medication in three groups (P ＜ 0.05).After medication at different time points,the platelet inhibition rate of aspirin 100 mg/d group and aspirin 200 mg/d group was gradually decreasing.On the contrary,that of the aspirin 300 mg/d group showed gradually increasing.Cross-sectional comparison of the three groups at different time points showed that there was no significant difference in the platelet inhibition rate among three groups before medication,7 days,6 months after medication (P ＞ 0.05).However,there was significant difference at 1 year after medication (P ＜ 0.05).The platelet inhibition rate inaspirin 300 mg/d group [(93.8 ± 18.6)％] was higher than that in aspirin 200 mg/d group [(83.7 ± 11.2)％]and aspirin 100 mg/d group [(76.6 ± 12.8)％] (P ＜ 0.05).During medication there were 9 patients of less than 50％ platelet inhibition rate in aspirin 100 mg/d group,5 patients in aspirin 200 mg/d group,3 patients in aspirin 300 mg/d group,and 2 patients of peptic ulcer bleeding in aspirin 300 mg/d group.Conclusions The appropriate dose of aspirin (100,200,300 mg/d) can play a very good anti-platelet effect.Increasing the dose on the basis of 100 mg/d,the platelet inhibition rate shows no increase in the short-term (≤6 months),but in the long-term (1 year) there may be differences.It may be associated with less aspirin resistance and the relative increasing bleeding risk.