Metabolic syndrome, whose incidence is higher than that we have thought, has done great harm to people's health. This review is to introduce the recent advance in the defination,epidemiology,etiology,major risk factors,clinical diagnosis and treatment, etc . of metabolic syndrome.

For the treatment of fractures the distal radius, open reduction and internal fixation with a volar locking plate is most frequently used in addition to conservative therapy, external fixation, and percutaneous needle puncture.Some new implants, such as bridging plates, intramedullary nails, and wrist prosthesis, have also gained clinical application.In the recent years, some new techniques like wrist arthroscopy, new bone cement, 3D printing, and digital technology have provided more accurate and stable diagnosis and treatment of the disease.In spite of a variety of strategies, the treatment of fractures the distal radius is focused on the restoration and maintenance of the volar tilting angle and the ulnar inclination in the distal radius.Doctors need to consider the injury characteristics and rehabilitation requirements of the patients and choose the simplest and safest methods to achieve optimal outcomes.

Objective To study the anti-vertigo function of polysaccharides of Gastrodia elata (GEP) and polysaccharides of Armillaria mellea (AMP). Methods Regard vertigo mice caused by machinery rotation as research object, observe the escaping time of electrical shock in maze experiment and jumping platform test, and observe the food intake. Results GEP and AMP can obviously shorten the escaping time of electrical shock (P

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of different doses of rosuvastatin on expression of tissue factor(TF) in cultured human monocyte-macrophage cells which were induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL).Methods The human monocyte-macrophage cells were divided into seven groups:control group,ox-LDL group,poly-insine monophosphate group,different doses of rosuvastatin group(0.01 μmol/L,0.1 μmol/L,1 μmol/L,5 μmol/L).The expression of LOX-1 mRNA and TF mRNA was assayed by RT-PCR.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to determine the protein concentration of TF.Results Effects of different doses of rosuvastatin on expressions of LOX-1mRNA,TF mRNA and TF in cultured human monocyte-macrophage cells induced by ox-LDL:comparison among seven groups,the difference was statistically significant (F =91.334,58.833,103.552,P ＜0.05).Compared with control group,the expressions of LOX-1 mRNA,TF mRNA and TF were increased in the ox-LDL group[(3.25156 ± 0.15772) vs (1 ±0) ;(2.522451 ±0.138967) vs (1 ±0) ;(207.7233± 1.154701)ng/L vs (184.8467 ± 0.871799)ng/L],and they were in a concentration-dependent manner (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the PolyⅠ group and the different doses of rosuvastatin group,the expressions of LOX-1 mRNA,TF mRNA and TF were in the ox-LDL group,and the different doses of rosuvastatin were decreased by dose-dependent manner.It was in a concentration dependent manner (P ＜ 0.05).Different doses of rosuvastatin were compared between groups (between each group P ＜ 0.05),the difference between each two groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions LOX-1 may be responsible for the expression of TF in Human monocyte-macrophage cells induced by ox-LDL.Rosuvastatin by dose dependent manner and by means of ox-LDL reduced monocyte-macrophage LOX-1 mRNA and TF mRNA expressions,which reduced expression of TF.

Objective To develop new surgical first aid kits for combat readiness ,and increase the ability of field first aid .Methods On the basis of disposable surgical kits ,the surgical towels were improved .The water absorbing layer was made of SPA materials which inte-grated optimization for surgical use .Results The new surgical first aid kits for combat readiness have the surgical towels with strong water absorption,complete sterile materials,and short time for ready of supplies.Conclusion The new surgical first aid kits for combat readiness have the advantages of small volume ,practicability,available for surgery ,at the same time,which could keep the surgical incision dry and the temperature of patients stability and be helpful to decrease the risk of pressure ulcer and infection ,simplify work procedure .

Objective: To prepare chitosan neurotoxin nanoparticles (CS-NT-NP) and study its effect on the permeability of blood brain barrier and the serum levels of S100β by intranasal administration. Methods: A formamide extraction-ultraviolet spectrophotometry method was employed to determine the concentration of Evans blue (EB) in brain by different routes of administration and preparations. Qualitative analysis of fluorescence intensity and distribution of EB in brain tissue was performed by fluorescence microscopy. The serum S100β protein concentration was determined by ELISA. Results: Compared with the control group and NT group, CS-NT-NP could significantly increase the content of EB in the brain with time-effect relation and reached the peak at 120 min (P < 0.01); Compared with muscle injection and ip injection, intranasal administration could significantly increase the content of EB and reached peak time quickly. The results were consistent with the experimental results of qualitative analysis of fluorescence intensity and distribution of EB in brain tissue by fluorescence microscopy and S100β protein in serum. It was consistent with the experimental results of S100β protein. Conclusion: CS-NT-NP by intranasal administration can significantly increase the permeability of BBB, and further increase the drug concentration in the brain, which is a good carrier of macromolecular drugs into the brain.

Objective: To observe the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography in evaluating efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) on hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in rats. Methods: Totally 40 HAE rat models were divided into experimental group (n=30) and control group (n=10). Rats in experimental group underwent ultrasound-guided MWA, while those in control group received routine feeding. Routine 2D ultrasound, CEUS and ARFI were used to measure the maximum diameter of lesions before and 1 month later. The changes of mean gray scale ratio and shear wave velocity (SWV) in marginal zone of lesions in experimental group were compared with pathologic findings. Then the rats were all scarified, and routine HE staining, CD34 immunohistochemical staining and Masson staining were performed to count the microvessel density (MVD) and fibrosis area at the edge of lesions. Results: There were 19 rats (21 lesions) in experimental group and 10 rats (10 lesions) in control group. One month after MWA, the maximum diameter of lesions obtained with 2D ultrasound, CEUS and ARFI became smaller in experimental group (all P<0.001) but larger than before in control group (all P<0.001). The diameters of lesions obtained with CEUS and ARFI were larger than with 2D ultrasound in both groups (all P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between CEUS and ARFI (all P>0.05). One month after MWA, the mean gray scale ratio of ablation edge in experimental group was lower, while SWV value was higher than that before (both P<0.001). MVD of the ablation edge in experimental group was lower than that in control group (P<0.001), and the fibrosis area of experimental group was higher than that of control group (P<0.001). MVD was positively correlated with the gray scale ratio at the ablation edge (r=0.541, P=0.011), and SWV was positively correlated with the fibrosis area of Masson (r=0.494, P=0.023). Conclusion: Both CEUS and ARFI had certain application value for evaluation on efficacy of microwave ablation for treatment of HAE in rat models.

Objective To discuss the methods of specification and quantification of thinking process of syndrome differentiation and treatment of old and famous TCM practitioners; To inherit the clinical experience and ideas of TCM practitioners more effectively. Methods Based on one typical case of Professor Lv Renhe treating chronic nephritis, indexing the prescriptions with TCM Subject Headings thesaurus and analyzing them with “Chinese medicine prescription intelligence analysis system” (“CPIAS” for short), relative dose, comprehensive property, comprehensive taste, comprehensive channel tropism, and prescription efficacy were under quantitative analysis. Results The typical case included two prescriptions of initial diagnosis and six diagnosis. CPIAS quantitative analysis showed that relative dose, comprehensive property, comprehensive taste, comprehensive channel tropism, and prescription efficacy were in accordance with syndrome differentiation and treatment of Professor Lv Renhe for chronic nephritis. Conclusion This method has guiding significance for studying and inheriting the speculative regularities and academic thoughts of Professor Lv Renhe.

Objective To verify the effects of different conc entrations of auecifemine on the function of osteoblast cell expression and oste ogenic ability in vitro . Methods Iliac spongy bone specimens were obtained from twel ve adult patients scheduled surgery. After the bone pieces were treated with col lagenase-trypsin, osteoblasts were obtained from cancellous bones. Then the ost eoblasts were purified and cultivated. They were cultured in medium with various concentrations(1?10 -11 , 1?10 -9 , 1?10 -7 , 1?10 -6 , 1 ?10 -5 , 5?10 -5 mol?L -1 ). The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) acti vity, osterocalcin and osteogenic ability were examined by biochemical assay and radioimmunologic assay (RIA), respectively. Results The co rrelation of auecifemine of different concentrations with ALP activity and osteo calcin secretion was positive. Auecifemine of lower concentrations (1?10 -11 mol?L -1 , 1?10 -9 mol?L -1 and 1?10 -7 mol?L -1 ) s howed the stimulating effect on osteogenic ability and but not higher concentrat ion. Conclusion Estrogen can increase osteoblast ALP activi ty, osteocalcin production, and osteogenic ability.

Tetraspanin 2-A(SjTsp2-A) gene was amplified by PCR.pcDNA3.1(+)/SjTsp2-A recombinant plasmids were constructed and transformed into E.coli DH5?.Twenty four BALB/c mice were randomly divided into pcDNA3.1(+) /SjTsp2-A group(A),pcDNA3.1(+)/SjGST group(B) and pcDNA3.1(+) group(C).Each mouse was injected through musculus quadriceps femoris by three times(two weeks interval) respectively with 100 ?g pcDNA3.1(+)/SjTsp2-A,pcDNA3.1(+)/SjGST,or pcDNA3.1(+).At two weeks after the final inoculation,mice were each challenged by 40?2 cercariae of S.japonicum.Forty-five days after infection,all mice were sacrificed,the number of worms collected and eggs in liver tisssue was counted.Anti-pcDNA3.1(+)/SjTsp2-A antibody was detected by ELISA and protein expression in quadriceps muscle by immunohistochemical staining.The worm reduction rate(44.4%) and egg reduction rate(28.4%) of group A was higher than those of group B and C(P