For the treatment of fractures the distal radius, open reduction and internal fixation with a volar locking plate is most frequently used in addition to conservative therapy, external fixation, and percutaneous needle puncture.Some new implants, such as bridging plates, intramedullary nails, and wrist prosthesis, have also gained clinical application.In the recent years, some new techniques like wrist arthroscopy, new bone cement, 3D printing, and digital technology have provided more accurate and stable diagnosis and treatment of the disease.In spite of a variety of strategies, the treatment of fractures the distal radius is focused on the restoration and maintenance of the volar tilting angle and the ulnar inclination in the distal radius.Doctors need to consider the injury characteristics and rehabilitation requirements of the patients and choose the simplest and safest methods to achieve optimal outcomes.

Metabolic syndrome, whose incidence is higher than that we have thought, has done great harm to people's health. This review is to introduce the recent advance in the defination,epidemiology,etiology,major risk factors,clinical diagnosis and treatment, etc . of metabolic syndrome.

Objective: To observe the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography in evaluating efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) on hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in rats. Methods: Totally 40 HAE rat models were divided into experimental group (n=30) and control group (n=10). Rats in experimental group underwent ultrasound-guided MWA, while those in control group received routine feeding. Routine 2D ultrasound, CEUS and ARFI were used to measure the maximum diameter of lesions before and 1 month later. The changes of mean gray scale ratio and shear wave velocity (SWV) in marginal zone of lesions in experimental group were compared with pathologic findings. Then the rats were all scarified, and routine HE staining, CD34 immunohistochemical staining and Masson staining were performed to count the microvessel density (MVD) and fibrosis area at the edge of lesions. Results: There were 19 rats (21 lesions) in experimental group and 10 rats (10 lesions) in control group. One month after MWA, the maximum diameter of lesions obtained with 2D ultrasound, CEUS and ARFI became smaller in experimental group (all P<0.001) but larger than before in control group (all P<0.001). The diameters of lesions obtained with CEUS and ARFI were larger than with 2D ultrasound in both groups (all P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between CEUS and ARFI (all P>0.05). One month after MWA, the mean gray scale ratio of ablation edge in experimental group was lower, while SWV value was higher than that before (both P<0.001). MVD of the ablation edge in experimental group was lower than that in control group (P<0.001), and the fibrosis area of experimental group was higher than that of control group (P<0.001). MVD was positively correlated with the gray scale ratio at the ablation edge (r=0.541, P=0.011), and SWV was positively correlated with the fibrosis area of Masson (r=0.494, P=0.023). Conclusion: Both CEUS and ARFI had certain application value for evaluation on efficacy of microwave ablation for treatment of HAE in rat models.

Objective: To prepare chitosan neurotoxin nanoparticles (CS-NT-NP) and study its effect on the permeability of blood brain barrier and the serum levels of S100β by intranasal administration. Methods: A formamide extraction-ultraviolet spectrophotometry method was employed to determine the concentration of Evans blue (EB) in brain by different routes of administration and preparations. Qualitative analysis of fluorescence intensity and distribution of EB in brain tissue was performed by fluorescence microscopy. The serum S100β protein concentration was determined by ELISA. Results: Compared with the control group and NT group, CS-NT-NP could significantly increase the content of EB in the brain with time-effect relation and reached the peak at 120 min (P < 0.01); Compared with muscle injection and ip injection, intranasal administration could significantly increase the content of EB and reached peak time quickly. The results were consistent with the experimental results of qualitative analysis of fluorescence intensity and distribution of EB in brain tissue by fluorescence microscopy and S100β protein in serum. It was consistent with the experimental results of S100β protein. Conclusion: CS-NT-NP by intranasal administration can significantly increase the permeability of BBB, and further increase the drug concentration in the brain, which is a good carrier of macromolecular drugs into the brain.

Objective To study the anti-vertigo function of polysaccharides of Gastrodia elata (GEP) and polysaccharides of Armillaria mellea (AMP). Methods Regard vertigo mice caused by machinery rotation as research object, observe the escaping time of electrical shock in maze experiment and jumping platform test, and observe the food intake. Results GEP and AMP can obviously shorten the escaping time of electrical shock (P

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of different doses of rosuvastatin on expression of tissue factor(TF) in cultured human monocyte-macrophage cells which were induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL).Methods The human monocyte-macrophage cells were divided into seven groups:control group,ox-LDL group,poly-insine monophosphate group,different doses of rosuvastatin group(0.01 μmol/L,0.1 μmol/L,1 μmol/L,5 μmol/L).The expression of LOX-1 mRNA and TF mRNA was assayed by RT-PCR.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to determine the protein concentration of TF.Results Effects of different doses of rosuvastatin on expressions of LOX-1mRNA,TF mRNA and TF in cultured human monocyte-macrophage cells induced by ox-LDL:comparison among seven groups,the difference was statistically significant (F =91.334,58.833,103.552,P ＜0.05).Compared with control group,the expressions of LOX-1 mRNA,TF mRNA and TF were increased in the ox-LDL group[(3.25156 ± 0.15772) vs (1 ±0) ;(2.522451 ±0.138967) vs (1 ±0) ;(207.7233± 1.154701)ng/L vs (184.8467 ± 0.871799)ng/L],and they were in a concentration-dependent manner (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the PolyⅠ group and the different doses of rosuvastatin group,the expressions of LOX-1 mRNA,TF mRNA and TF were in the ox-LDL group,and the different doses of rosuvastatin were decreased by dose-dependent manner.It was in a concentration dependent manner (P ＜ 0.05).Different doses of rosuvastatin were compared between groups (between each group P ＜ 0.05),the difference between each two groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions LOX-1 may be responsible for the expression of TF in Human monocyte-macrophage cells induced by ox-LDL.Rosuvastatin by dose dependent manner and by means of ox-LDL reduced monocyte-macrophage LOX-1 mRNA and TF mRNA expressions,which reduced expression of TF.

Objective To develop new surgical first aid kits for combat readiness ,and increase the ability of field first aid .Methods On the basis of disposable surgical kits ,the surgical towels were improved .The water absorbing layer was made of SPA materials which inte-grated optimization for surgical use .Results The new surgical first aid kits for combat readiness have the surgical towels with strong water absorption,complete sterile materials,and short time for ready of supplies.Conclusion The new surgical first aid kits for combat readiness have the advantages of small volume ,practicability,available for surgery ,at the same time,which could keep the surgical incision dry and the temperature of patients stability and be helpful to decrease the risk of pressure ulcer and infection ,simplify work procedure .

Objective:Glucose-insulin-potassium(GIK) is clinically used for reducing mortality in acute myocardial infarction(MI). It is known that ventricular arrhythmia, left ventricular dysfunction and impaired baroreflex sensitivity(BRS) are the three major determinants for predicting the mortality after acute MI. The present work was designed to study the effects of GIK on BRS, ventricular arrhythmia, and left ventricular function in rats with coronary artery ligature. Sprague-Dawley rats were used and the myocardial infarction was produced by ligature of the left anterior descending artery. Five weeks after coronary artery ligation, BRS was measured in conscious state with a computerized blood pressure monitoring system and left ventricular function and electrocardiogram were determined in the anaesthetized state in the subacute phase of myocardial infarction. It was found that GIK did not affect the blood pressure and heart period in both conscious and anaesthetized rats. GIK did not enhance BRS, but reduced ventricular arrhythmia and improved left ventricular function by reducing left ventricular end diastolic pressure in anaesthetized rats with MI. It is proposed that reducing ventricular arrhythmia and improving left ventricular function contribute to the effect of GIK on reducing the mortality after MI.

This paper aims to establish a method for the determination of sulfur dioxide in sulfur fumigation Chinese herbs. Sample powder and hydrochloric acid solution were isolated by paraffin layer in order to avoid early reactions, with the generation of sulfur dioxide, headspace with airtight needle was used to transfer sulfur dioxide into gas chromatograph, and detected with thermal conductivity detector. The analytical performance was demonstrated by the analysis of 12 herbs, spiked at four concentration levels. In general, the recoveries ranging from 70% to 110%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) within 15%, were obtained. The limit of detection (LOD) was below 10 mg x kg(-1). Standard addition can be used for low recovery samples. The method is simple, less time-consuming, specific and sensitive. Methods comparison revealed that gas chromatography is better than traditional titration in terms of method operability, accuracy and specificity, showing good application value.

Objective To describe the CSP genotypic profile in clinical isolates of Aspergillus fumigates from different regions of China,and to investigate if there is a difference in antifungal susceptibility among A.fumigates of different CSP genotypes and from different regions.Methods Totally,112 A.fumigates strains clinically isolated from Fujian,Shanghai,Hebei and Beijing were included in this study,and identified according to macro-and micro-morphological characters,growth temperature and β-tubulin sequence.Classic A.fumigatus strains were typed according to CSP gene sequence.The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of voriconazole,itraconazole and amphotericin B to A.fumigates were determined in accordance with the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) M38-A protocol.Results All the strains were identified as classic A.fumigates,and fall into 11 CSP genotypes.The most common genotypes were t04A (n =32),t03 (n =17) and t01 (n =24) in all the strains,tl0,t04A and t01 in Fujian,t04A and t01 in Shanghai,t01,t03 and t04A in Hebei,t02,t04A,t01and t03 in Beijing.One A.fumigatus strain was identified as a new CSP type t25 in Fujian,which showed no obvious difference in morphology,growth rate or appropriate growth temperature from the other CSP genotypes of A.fumigatus strains.No statistical difference was found in the susceptibility to amphotericin B,itraconazole or fluconazole among different genotypes of A.fumigates,whereas the MICs of itraconazole were significantly lower in A.fumigates isolates from Fujian than in those from the other three regions.Conclusions The CSP genotypic profile of A.fumigates varies in clinical isolates from different regions.No significant difference is observed in the susceptibility to amphotericin B,itraconazole or fluconazole among different CSP genotypes of A.fumigates,but the susceptibility to itraconazole is somewhat different between A.fumigates strains from different regions.