Objective Investigate the effect of substance P and receptor antagonist on the current of NCX in ASMC.Methods Primary rat ASMC cultures were established.Immunofluorescence was used to identify ASMCs.Patch clamp exam was used to assess NCX currents in ASMC before and after intervented by Ach,substance P,NK-1R receptor antagonist and nimodiping,Voltage-current curves were drawn according to variation of voltage and current.PA indicates current amplitude,PF indicates cell area,and PA/PF indicates current density.Results As the voltage increased,the current density increased.When voltage up to-40mV the reverse current appeard.When the voltage is 60mV the current density in the Ach intervention group was highest,but lowest in the nimodipine intervention group;the current density in the substance P intervention group is more than in control group but lower than in Ach interevention group.The current density in the substance P receptor antagonist intervention group higher than nimodipine interevention goup,but lower than the other group (P ＜0.05).Conclusion In asthma airways,Ca2 + overload is related to the appearance of reverse-mode NCX.NK-1R antagonist plays a role in decreasing the Ca2 + concentration,which can relieve the current of reverse-mode NCX,and may benefit alleviating airway inflammation and responsiveness.As a result,NK-1R antagonist may be an attractive target for therapeutic approaches to asthma.

Sleep apnea includes obstructive sleep apnea,central sleep apnea and mixed sleep apnea.Ob-structive sleep apnoea syndrome(OSAS)is affecting up to 5.7% of children,which hss adverse impact on growth,development cognitive and behavioral outcomes,and untreated OSAS increases cardiovascular risk,so paying closer attention to childhood OSAS early diagnosis and treatment seems more important.First-line treat-ment in OSAS children is adenotonsillectomy,although other treatment options available include continuous posi-tive airways pressure,anti-inflammatory therapies,airway adjuncts and orthodontic appliances.Central sleep ap-nea may be related to respiratory regulation center immaturity or dysplasia.Central sleep apnea may be hereditary or acquired.Therefore,the treatment of central sleep apnea should be focused on primariy etiology.

Objective To investigate the effect of neuropeptide substance P on airway smooth muscle cell contraction amplitude.Methods According to random method, 10 Wistar rats were divided into normal group and asthmatic group.By inhaled OVA to make asthmatic rat model;primary culture ASMC;confocal microscopy were used to observe the morphological changes and measure the length before and after different intervention.The percent of contraction length come from different group ASMC were used for statistical analysis.Results The ASMCs volume in acetylcholine intervented group and substance P intervented group decreased significantly,cell diameters shorten, cytoplasm reduction and cell arranged densely.The ASMCs volume in substance P receptor antagonist intervented group and nimodipine intervented group are about the same size as the ones in normal control group, were spindle-shaped, abundant cytoplasm and arrangement regularly.The contraction length percent of Ach intervened group is the biggest(19.60 ± 3.47) ％, contraction length percent of nimodiping intervented group is the shortest(3.25 ± 1.14)％ ,the contraction length percent in substance Precepter antagonist intervented group is bigger than the one in control group (3.54 ± 1.26) ％, but less than the one in Ach intervented group, asthmatic (14.36 ± 2.37) ％ and substance P intervened group (17.79 ± 3.19) ％.Conclusion Substance P can increase the amplitude of airway smooth muscle cell contraction, but the effect less than Ach;substance P receptor antagonists can inhibit smooth muscle cell contractility, but the effect less than nimodipine.Substance P participates in acute attack of asthma, increases airway reactivity by increasing airway smooth muscle contraction intensity.

Objective To investigate the effect of budesonide on NK-1 receptor expression in airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC). Methods According to the random method,45 wistar rats were divided into three groups: asthmatic group, budesonide treatment group and control group. Aerosolize ovalbumin was used to make asthmatic rat model. Budesonide treatment group were given budesonide after inhaled ovalbumin. On day 21 .primary rat ASMC culture was conducted. The fourth cell passage and purified ASMC was collected for RT-PCR. The content of NK-1R was determined by real-time quantitative PCR. Data were expressed as mean±standard error (SE). The ANOVE Tukey test was carried out by using SPSS17.0 software and P＜0. 05 was considered significant. Results As compared with that of asthmatic group(1.1687±0.1356),NK-1R mRNA in therapy group( 1.0820 ±0. 1146) decreased significantly (P ＜0.05) ,but remained still higher than that of control group(1.034 7±0.2503) (P＜0. 05). Conclusion NK-1R may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Budesonide may down-regulate the expression of the NK-1R mRNA in the airway smooth muscle cell, which may inhibit inflammation in asthmatic attacks.

Bronchiectasis ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Child ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans

Objective To explore the effect of recombinant scFv (3G11)directed against type IV collagenase in combination with cisplatin on the therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods The effects of cisplatin on the type IV collagenase secreted by cancer cells were investigated by gelatin zymography analysis and Western-blot.The antitumor activity of scFv (3G11)in combination with cisplatin was evaluated by MTT assay in vitro and a mouse hepatoma 22 model in vivo.Results Cisplatin inhibited the activity of type IV collagenase.ScFv (3G11)in combination with cisplatin showed significant inhibition effects on the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma both in vitro and in vivo.The coefficient of drug interaction(CDI)was less than 1.Conclusions ScFv (3G11)in combination with cisplatin demonstrated synergetic effects on the therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To explore the effect of Lactobacillussalivariuson the number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells and expression of transform?ing growth factorβ1(TGF?β1)in asthma Balb/c mice. Methods Thirty?two female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups:the nor?mal control group,the asthma group,the Lactobacillus salivarius group,and the asthma combined Lactobacillussalivariusgroup. Acute asthma mod?el was established by the ovalbumin challenge method. After extraction of primary spleen cells,flow cytometry was used to test CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg/CD4+T ratio in spleen lymphocytes. The levels of IL?4,IFN?γand TGF?β1 in the spleen cell culture supernatant were measured by ELISA method. Results The level of Th2 cytokine(IL?4)in the spleen cell culture supernatant of the asthma group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),however,the level of Th1 cytokine(IFN?γ)was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). The ex?pression level of Th2 cytokine(IL?4)in the Lactobacillussalivariusintervention group was significantly decreased compared with the asthma group, and the Th1 cytokine(IFN?γ)expression level was elevated compared with the asthma group(P<0.05). The level of TGF?β1 in the Lactobacillus salivarius intervention group was higher than in the asthma group(P<0.05). The proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg/CD4+T in spleen lympho?cytes in the asthma group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),and was higher in the Lactobacillus salivarius intervention group than in the asthma group(P<0.05). Conclusion CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg was associated with the pathogenesis of asthma. Lactobacillus salivarius could adjust Th1/Th2 imbalance and reduce asthma inflammation through up?regulation of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg and TGF?β1 expression.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of neuropeptide substance P on airway resiatance in rats with asthma.MethodsSixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups including normal control group(n =20),asthma group(n =20) and substance P group(n =20).Asthmatic rat model was established.We detected inspiratory resistance and expiratory resistance in the airway of rats in each group with the intervention of different concentrations (0.062 5,0.125 0,0.250 0,0.5000 mg/ml) of methacholine(MCh) by using animal pulmonary function analyzer.Substance P group rats were given substance P ( 10-7 mol/L,0.2 ml) when airway resistance was detected.ResultsWith the increase in MCh concentration,the increase in airway resistance in rats was found,rat airway inspiratory resistance and expiratory resistance were all positively correlated with the concentration of MCh ( r=0.947,P＜0.05 ; r=0.965,P＜0.05 ).With the intervention of different concentration of Mch (0.0625,0.125 0,0.2500,0.5000 mg/ml),the significant differences were found among the three groups in rat airway inspiratory resistance ( F=73.4,89.3,91.2,106.4,P＜0.05) and expiratory resistance(F=67.3,77.5,83.4,126.5,P＜0.05).Airway resistance to MCh concentration response curves were shifted upward significantly in asthma group compared with normal control group and in substance P group compared with asthma group.Inspiratory resistance and expiratory resistancc in asthma group were significantly increased compared with normal control group( P＜0.05)and in sutstance P group compared with asthma group( P＜0.05 ).ConclusionSubstance P can increase asthmatic rat's airway resistance and the airway resistance increase with the increasing of MCh concentration.

Objective To investigate wether bronchial epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT)take part in airway remodling in asthmatic mice,and the effect of inhaled glucocorticoid to it. Methods Thirty BALB /c mice were randomly divided into control group(n =10),asthma group(n =10) and budesonide group(n =10).The qualitity of serum OVA-sIgE was measured to vertify asthma modle. Bronchial airway thickness collagen deposition area was analyzed by HE and Masson staining to test the level of airway remodling.ELISA was used to test the quantity of transforming growth factor(TGF)-βin bron-choalveolar lavage fluid(BALF).Immunohistochemical assay was used to observe fibroblast specific protein-1 (FSP-1 )expressing area.Western blot and realtime PCR were performed to analyze the protein and mRNA expression of E-caderin,Vimentin and FSP-1 .Results The expression of OVA-sIgE,bronchial airway thick-ness,the collagen deposition area were significantly higher in asthma group than those in control group,while the above index in BUD group were allivated compared to those in asthma group(P <0.01 ,respectively). The expression of TGF-βin BALF increased and the expression of FSP-1 located in bronchial epithlium,the quantity of E-caderin significantly decreased,and the quantity of Vimentin and FSP-1 increased by Western blot and realtime PCR in asthma group,compared to those in control group(P <0.01 ).While the level of E-caderin increased(P <0.01 ),TGF-βand Vimentin reduced partly in BUD group(P <0.05 ),and there was no differece in the level of FSP-1 between BUD group and asthma group(P >0.05).Conclusion Lung tissue EMT take part in airway remodling of asthma,which is mainly focus on bronchial epithlium.The effect of traditional inhaled budesonide can not heal the bronchial EMT in asthma.

BACKGROUND:Currently, surgical implant fixation is mainly applied for spinal tuberculosis. How to choose implant materials, however, is stil under discussion.OBJECTIVE:To compare the biocompatibility and mechanical properties of titanium al oy and stainless steel for rabbit spinal tuberculosis. METHODS:Thirty rabbits were chosen to prepare spinal tuberculosis models. Then, the rabbits were equivalently randomized into two groups, which underwent implant fixation with stainless steel or titanium al oy, respectively. At 30 days after implantation, biocompatibility and biomechanical properties of the two materials in the repaired region of spine were observed and detected, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In view of the biocompatibility, infection and immunological rejection could not been found in the titanium al oy group;in contrast, infection appeared in three rabbits of the stainless steel group. Flexion, extension and lateral bending displacements under the spinal loading in the titanium al oy group were significantly less than those in the stainless steel group (P<0.05);axial pul-out strength in the titanium al oy group was significantly higher than that in the stainless steel group (P<0.05);flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial compression in the titanium al oy group were significantly greater than those in the stainless steel group (P<0.05). In conclusion, titanium al oy material has good biocompatibility that can be used to restore and maintain the spinal stability.