Objective: To investigate the chemo-sensitivity enhancing effect and its major active mechanism of Shengmai Injection (SMI). Methods: MTT assay was used to determine the chemo-sensitivity enhancing activity of SMI combined with various current- used chemotherapeutic drugs. Flow cytometry was conducted to determine the effect of Epirubicin combined with SMI on the cell cycle distribution and apoptotic cell death, and the mRNA expression level of MDR-1 gene was determined by RT-PCR. Results: SMI (30 μL/mL) combined with gemcitabine, cisplatin, paclitaxel, and Epirubicin exihibited the potent antiproliferative effects on human lung carcinoma A549, gastric carcinoma SGC-7901, breast carcinoma MCF-7, and hepatocellular carcinoma HepG-2 cell lines, respectively. SMI showed the most significant enhancing effects on HepG-2 cells in combination with Epirubicin, and the sensitivity of HepG-2 to Epirubicin was increased by 16 fold. Whereas SMI (30 μL/mL) alone did not affect the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of HepG-2 cells, it enhanced the cellular responses when combined with Epirubincin together with a down-regulated mRNA level of MDR-1 gene. Conclusion: SMI combined with the different chemotherapeutic drugs could enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells significantly via down-regulating the mRNA expression level of MDR-1 and the expression of P-glucoprotein with the excretion of drugs.

Pancreatic surgery has achieved substantial improvement in recent years,which was indicated by the continuous decrease of its mortality and morbidity.However,the over-all 5-year survival rate of pancreatic cancer patients has not been significantly improved,and puzzles together with controversies remain in the field of surgical treatment for this devastating disease.Clinical outcomes of pancreatic cancer patients remain poor,which we thought would largely explained by the extremely malignant biological behavior of pancreatic cancer.In this review,we also focused on the frequently discussed themes in the field of surgical treatment for pancreatic cancer.These themes include differential diagnosis for pancreatic head mass,preoperative biliary drainage for jaundice patients,value of R0/R1 resection for pancreatic cancer,pancreatic fistula and delayed gastric emptying after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Objective To assess the clinical efficacy of modified split patella in the treatment of patellar fracture.Methods 56 patients with patellar fracture were selected,and they were divided into two groups according to the random number method.The regular group was treated with common split patella,while the improved group was treated with modified split patella.In both two groups,the aspects of split patella slip,model large and knee pain were recorded.Results The incidence rates of model large and knee pain in the improved group were 3.57%,7.14%, which were 25.00%,32.14%in the regular group,the differences were statistically significant(χ2 =5.250,5.543,P=0.022,0.019).The incidence rate of split patella slip in the regular group was 3.57%,that was 0.00% in the improved group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =1.018,P=0.313).Conclusion Modified split patella mini-mizes the incidence of split patella model large and patellofemoral osteoarthritis.Thus,it deserves further application.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the characteristics and regularity of ADR induced by gynecological Chinese patent medi-cine,and to provide reference for rational use of gynecological Chinese patent medicine. METHODS:ADR reports were collected from gynecological ADR reporting information system of our hospital during 2008-2105;all ADR cases of Chinese patent medicine were collected and analyzed. RESULTS:No severe ADR was found among 41 cases of Chinese patent medicine-induced ADR,24 cases of new and common ADR(58.54%),17 cases of common ADR(41.46%);the incidence of ADR was in high level 1-3 d after medicating,being 97.6%. Main routes of administration were oral administration(19 cases,46.3%)and vaginal administra-tion(15 cases,36.6%)in ADR cases. Clinical manifestations were gastrointestinal reaction(29.97%),systemic reaction(19.15%) and mild injury of reproductive system(17.02%),etc. CONCLUSIONS:Chinese patent medicine is relatively safety in gynecologi-cal department. However,caution should be exercised in special cases and different medication.

Objective To investigate the relationship between chronic pharyngitis and lifestyle and obesity. Methods A total of 7 655 participants who underwent a health examination in the Navy General Hospital were recruited. These participants came from the same region and had similar occupations. Their lifestyle information data including smoking status, drinking status, and physical activity were collected. Differences of lifestyle and the prevalence of chronic pharyngitis were compared between men and women. Single-factor analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the relationship of chronic pharyngitis and lifestyle and obesity. Results The proportion of smoking and drinking, the prevalence of chronic pharyngitis, levels of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and fasting blood glucose were significantly higher, and the ratio of lack of exercise and normal body weight significantly decreased, in men than those in women (P<0.01). There were no significant differences in age and LDL-C between different gender groups. The prevalence of chronic pharyngitis increased with the frequency of drinking and the increase of obesity in man and women. The prevalence of chronic pharyngitis was not statistically significant in man with smoking than that in man without smoking. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of chronic pharyngitis between females with or without smoking. The prevalence of chronic pharyngitis decreased with the increase of physical activity in both men and women (P<0.01). Higher levels of systolic blood pressure and fasting blood pressure and regular physical activity were protective factors, and obesity was a harmful factor of chronic pharyngitis in men and women. Currently, smoking and regular drinking were harmful factors of chronic pharyngitis in men but not in women. Old age and occasional alcohol consumption were risk factors for women. Conclusion There is a significant value of strengthening physical activity and maintaining normal body weight in the prevention and treatment of chronic pharyngitis. It is also important for men to quit smoking and limit drinking in the prevention and treatment of chronic pharyngitis.

BACKGROUND:Spleen deficiency has varying impact on the immune system and digestive system of the human body, and can also damage the normal function of the central nervous system as there is a close relationship between the spleen and brain.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of electroacupuncture on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cels in the rat hippocampus of spleen deficiency syndrome.
METHODS:Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal, control and electroacupuncture groups. The animal model of spleen deficiency syndrome was prepared in the control group and electroacupuncture group. Two weeks after modeling, rats in the electroacupuncture group were given electroacupuncture treatment, and the changes of body mass in normal rats and model rats were measured. Five rats from each group were taken to observe the histological changes of neural stem cels in the hippocampus at 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after treatment.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The body mass of rats in the model group was significantly lower than that in the normal group at 2 weeks after modeling (P < 0.05). In the electroacupuncture group, the number of BrdU positive cels was significantly higher than that in the normal group and control group at 2, 3, 4 weeks after modeling (P < 0.05); the number of BrdU/Nestin positive cels was significantly higher than that in the normal group at 2, 3, 4 weeks (P < 0.05); the number of BrdU/glial fibrilary acidic protein positive cels was significantly higher than that in the normal group at 2 weeks (P < 0.05); and the number of BrdU/neuronspecific enolase positive cels was significantly higher than the normal group at 3 weeks (P < 0.05). In the control group, the number of BrdU/Nestin positive cels was significantly lower than that in the normal group and electroacupuncture group at 1 week after modeling, significantly lower than that in the electroacupuncture group at 2 and 4 weeks, and significantly lower than the normal group at 3 weeks (P < 0.05); the number of BrdU/glial fibrilary acidic protein positive cels was significantly lower than that in the normal group and electroacupuncture group at 1, 2, 4 weeks; and the number of BrdU/neuronspecific enolase positive cels was significantly lower than that in the normal group and electroacupuncture group at 1, 2 weeks. Taken together, these experimental findings show that electroacupuncture treatment effectively promotes the proliferation of hippocampal neural stem cels that are induced to differentiate into astrocytes and neurons.

Objective:To assess the efficiency of orthodontic management in the treatment of impacted tooth in dentigerous cyst.Methods:Nine cases of dentigerous cysts with impacted teeth were treated with fixed appliances, surgical exposure, scrape of cyst and orthodontic traction to assist eruption of impacted teeth.Results:After treatment the panoramic radiographs revealed that radiolucent lesion disappeared with full bone regeneration, and the lesion was replaced by normal bony density and structure. Roots of impacted teeth normally developed. Impacted teeth were orthodontically brought into their proper position with normal alignment, normal overjet and overbite. Normal occlusion was found in all the cases. Mean total active orthodontic treatment time was 21.25 months,varying from 14 to 36.Conclusion:Orthodontic management combined with surgical approach is effective in the treatment of impacted teeth in dentigerous cyst.

Diabetes mellitus belongs to metabolic disorder.Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus with the prevalence of 24％-70％.It severely affects the quality of life.DR is bound to a serious problem of public health along with a dramatic aging population and a growing crowd with diabetic mellitus.Even though various pathogenesis of DR have been identified,such as vascular pathological changes,neuronal degeneration,inflammatory lesions,its mechanism remains mystery.A lot of drugs for DR have been developed basing on different pathogenesis mechanisms.Current researches on animal models and pharmacology for DR were reviewed.

Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is an inherited retinal disorder characterized by abnormal vascularization of the peripheral retina with a variety of phenotypes.Genetic analyses have identified five causative genes,including FZD4,LRP5,NDP,TSPAN12 and ZNF408,which were associated with autosomal dominant (AD),autosomal recessive and X-linked recessive FEVR.FZD4,LRP5 and TSPAN12 are key genes in classical Wnt pathway,which plays an important role in retinal angiogenesis.FZD4 encodes FZD4 protein that forms a receptor complex with LRP5 and TSPAN12.The complex binds with Wnt ligand or Norrin,encoding by NDP,to active Wnt/Norrin signaling network.ZNF408 encodes zinc finger protein,which is associated with AD FEVR.The current review provided a comprehensive summary of the genes involved in FEVR.