Objective: To investigate the chemo-sensitivity enhancing effect and its major active mechanism of Shengmai Injection (SMI). Methods: MTT assay was used to determine the chemo-sensitivity enhancing activity of SMI combined with various current- used chemotherapeutic drugs. Flow cytometry was conducted to determine the effect of Epirubicin combined with SMI on the cell cycle distribution and apoptotic cell death, and the mRNA expression level of MDR-1 gene was determined by RT-PCR. Results: SMI (30 μL/mL) combined with gemcitabine, cisplatin, paclitaxel, and Epirubicin exihibited the potent antiproliferative effects on human lung carcinoma A549, gastric carcinoma SGC-7901, breast carcinoma MCF-7, and hepatocellular carcinoma HepG-2 cell lines, respectively. SMI showed the most significant enhancing effects on HepG-2 cells in combination with Epirubicin, and the sensitivity of HepG-2 to Epirubicin was increased by 16 fold. Whereas SMI (30 μL/mL) alone did not affect the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of HepG-2 cells, it enhanced the cellular responses when combined with Epirubincin together with a down-regulated mRNA level of MDR-1 gene. Conclusion: SMI combined with the different chemotherapeutic drugs could enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells significantly via down-regulating the mRNA expression level of MDR-1 and the expression of P-glucoprotein with the excretion of drugs.

Objective To investigate the relationship between chronic pharyngitis and lifestyle and obesity. Methods A total of 7 655 participants who underwent a health examination in the Navy General Hospital were recruited. These participants came from the same region and had similar occupations. Their lifestyle information data including smoking status, drinking status, and physical activity were collected. Differences of lifestyle and the prevalence of chronic pharyngitis were compared between men and women. Single-factor analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the relationship of chronic pharyngitis and lifestyle and obesity. Results The proportion of smoking and drinking, the prevalence of chronic pharyngitis, levels of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and fasting blood glucose were significantly higher, and the ratio of lack of exercise and normal body weight significantly decreased, in men than those in women (P<0.01). There were no significant differences in age and LDL-C between different gender groups. The prevalence of chronic pharyngitis increased with the frequency of drinking and the increase of obesity in man and women. The prevalence of chronic pharyngitis was not statistically significant in man with smoking than that in man without smoking. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of chronic pharyngitis between females with or without smoking. The prevalence of chronic pharyngitis decreased with the increase of physical activity in both men and women (P<0.01). Higher levels of systolic blood pressure and fasting blood pressure and regular physical activity were protective factors, and obesity was a harmful factor of chronic pharyngitis in men and women. Currently, smoking and regular drinking were harmful factors of chronic pharyngitis in men but not in women. Old age and occasional alcohol consumption were risk factors for women. Conclusion There is a significant value of strengthening physical activity and maintaining normal body weight in the prevention and treatment of chronic pharyngitis. It is also important for men to quit smoking and limit drinking in the prevention and treatment of chronic pharyngitis.

As the first most common cause of death in China,stroke has become a public health problem that seriously affects national economy and people′s livelihood. Unfortunately,only 3% to 5% of stroke patients receive tissue plasminogen activator(tPA)treatment,the only pharmacological therapy ap?proved for ischemic stroke,and no drug is available for hemorrhagic stroke. Therefore,there is an ur?gent need to develop new drugs for stroke therapy. Despite the awareness that neuroprotective agents could be a common strategy for the treatment of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke,numerous neu?roprotective agents have showed failure in clinical trials. Combined with the current therapeutic strategies and drug development of stroke,this paper elaborated the stroke injury mechanisms and corresponding clinical drug research targeting excitotoxicity,oxidative and nitrosative stress,and inflammation. From a new perspective,this paper has proposed a novel therapeutic strategy targeting inherent defense mechanisms against stroke,with nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase(Nampt)- nicotinamide ade?nine dinucleotide defense system as an example to present our experimental evidence that Nampt can serve as an anti-stroke target and nicotinamide mononucleotide as an anti-stroke agent under development. It is hoped that the bottleneck of stroke therapy can be overcome with unremitting efforts so as to reduce the financial burden and mental stress,and bring benefits to people around the world.

Objective To assess the clinical efficacy of modified split patella in the treatment of patellar fracture.Methods 56 patients with patellar fracture were selected,and they were divided into two groups according to the random number method.The regular group was treated with common split patella,while the improved group was treated with modified split patella.In both two groups,the aspects of split patella slip,model large and knee pain were recorded.Results The incidence rates of model large and knee pain in the improved group were 3.57%,7.14%, which were 25.00%,32.14%in the regular group,the differences were statistically significant(χ2 =5.250,5.543,P=0.022,0.019).The incidence rate of split patella slip in the regular group was 3.57%,that was 0.00% in the improved group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =1.018,P=0.313).Conclusion Modified split patella mini-mizes the incidence of split patella model large and patellofemoral osteoarthritis.Thus,it deserves further application.

The effects of sulmazole and isoprenaline on beating rate of cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes were measured with electrooptical technique. The results showed: (1) The spontaneous beating rate of primary cultured cardiomyocytes (culture for 72 h, 37?0.5℃, pH 7.2) was 134?16 beats/min (x?SD, n =41) and remained constant within 120 min. (2) The effect of sulmazole on beating rate was similar to that of isoprenaline. They both produced an apparent positive chronotropic action in a dose - dependent manner within a certain concentration range. The maximal responses between them were not statistical different.

The direct effect of Ketanserin (Ket) on heart rate and its mechanism were studied using isolated male Sprague-Dawley rat right atria. Ket (0.1-300?mol/L) produced apparent negative chronotropic action in a dose-dependent manner, the pD2 value was 4.8. Atropine (30 nmol/L) did not affect the negative chronotropic action of Ket Differing from the ?-receptor blocking agent propfanoloi (1?mol/L), Ket (1.5?mol/L) did not change the positive chronotropic dose-response curve for isoprenaline, but shifted the positive chronotropic dose-response curve for 5-hydroxytryptamine to the right and depressed its maximal response. These results indicate that the negative chronotropic action of Ket was related to the blockade of the 5-HT2-serotonergic receptor in the sinus node of rat atria, whereas the ?-adrenoreceptor and M-cholinergic receptor were not involved in the negative chronotropic action of Ket

Objective To summarize the treatment of perianal abscess with diabetes.Methods 90 patients with perianal abscess with diabetes were randomly divided into the triple therapy group,the microwave group,Chinese group 3 groups.Three groups received conventional surgery,control of blood sugar,anti-infection treatment.Microwave therapy group WaS given microwave therapy and Chinese medicine group was given Chinese medicine,triple therapy group increase chinese medicine treatment and microwave based conventional surgery.The effect,the average lost time of exudate,wound healing time was analyzed.Results The triple group was significantly improved efficiency,83.3%,total effective rate of 100%.Conclusion The triple therapy combined with conventional surgery,Chinese medicine and microwave treatment could promote postoperative wound healing and exudate disappeared time and improve the efficiency of treatment to relieve patient concerns of treating perianal abscess with diabetes.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the effects of sepsis on brain integrity, memory, and executive function. METHODS: Twenty sepsis patients who were not diagnosed with sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) but had abnormal electroencephalograms (EEGs) were included. The control group included twenty healthy persons. A neuropsychological test of memory and executive function and a brain magnetic resonance imaging scan were performed. The volumes of cortex and subcortex were measured using the FreeSurfer software. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score was used to determine the disease severity. RESULTS: In the sepsis group, the levels of immediate free recall, immediate cued recall, and delayed cued recall in the California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II) were significantly lower; the explicit memory (recollection process) in the process dissociation procedure test was lower; and the volumes of the left and right hippocampi were significantly lower compared with the control group. The volume of the presubiculum in the hippocampus of sepsis patients showed statistically significant decrease. In the sepsis group, the volumes of the left and right hippocampi were negatively correlated with the APACHE II score and positively with immediate free recall, immediate cued recall, and delayed cued recall in the CVLT-II; moreover, the hippocampal volume was significantly correlated with recollection but not with familiarity. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with abnormal EEGs during hospitalization but with no SAE still have reduced hippocampal volume and memory deficits. This finding indicates that sepsis leads to damage to specific parts of the hippocampus.

microRNA (miRNA) refers to small (19-25 nt) single-stranded noncoding RNA molecules that work as post-transcriptional regulator for gene expression by binding to 3' untranslated regions of target mRNA,thus inducing its digestion,degradation and translational repression.Many studies have confirmed that dysregulation of miRNA expression can cause disruption of the hematopoietic system and contribute to leukemogenesis by regulating the expression of some oncogenes and anti-oncogenes.The unique miRNA expression profiles associated with cytogenetic aberrations and mutational status of protein-coding genes may reveal insight into the biology of these leukemia types.This review discussed the latest studies on miRNA expression in different cytogenetic and molecular subtypes of acute myelocytic leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.