Objective: To study the chemical constituents in the roots of Goniothalamus cheliensis. Methods: Silica gel, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographic techniques were used to isolate and purify the chemical constituents and their structures were elucidated by spectral analyses. Results: Seven compounds were isolated and identified as acetylgoniofupyrone A (1), protocatechuic acid (2), pinocembrin (3), pinoresinol (4), goniodiol (5), 8-epi-goniotriol (6), and cardiobutanolide (7). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new goniofupyrone-type of styryllactone, named acetylgoniofupyrone A.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical features of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and its treatment by integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. METHODS: 16 PBC patients were observed. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) was used in the dose of 13 to 15 mg.kg(-1).d(-1), with some traditional Chinese herb prescription. Results (1) The proportion of women to men was 15:1, the mean age was 52.5 years. AMA-M2 was positive in 14 subjects (87.5%). Biliary tract enzymes and ESR were elevated in all subjects. The ratio of hypercholesterolemia (CHOL) and abnormality in IgM was high (62.5%). Fatigue, pruritus, arthralgia, jaundice, splenomegaly were noted in more than half cases. Every patient had one to four complications. (2) ALP, GGT and Glb declined evidently after 3 months' treatment by western medicine associated with traditional Chinese medicine, and declined markedly after 12 months' treatment (P<0.05 respectively). TBIL and CHOL declined gradually during the treatment course. Symptoms and signs were lightened. CONCLUSION: PBC has complicated and especial clinical features. UDCA therapy is effective in PBC, while traditional Chinese medicine has extraordinary effect in treating the symptoms and signs.

OBJECTIVE:To observe analgesic efficacy of oxycodone acetaminophen after posterior lumbar fusion,and to opti-mize spinal postoperative analgesia plan. METHODS:In retrospective study,120 patients underwent posterior lumbar fusion were selected from the Affiliated People's Hospital of Hubei Medical College during Jun. 2013-Jun. 2014,and then divided into observa-tion group and control group according to therapy plan,with 60 cases in each group. Observation group was given oxycodone acet-aminophen 330 mg orally 6 h after surgery,and then 330 mg orally on 1st,2nd day after surgery,tid. Control group was given celecoxib 200 mg 6 h after surgery,and then 200 mg on 1st,2nd day after surgery,bid. Postoperative analgesic efficacy (VAS score) at resting state and active state,postoperative gastrointestinal motility recovery (the time to flatus) and the occurrence of ADR were observed in 2 groups after surgery. RESULTS:Whether at the resting state or the active state 24,48,72,120 h after surgery,VAS score of observation group was significantly lower than that of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the time to flatus and the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Oral administration of oxycodone acetaminophen possesses good effect to relieve spinal postoperative pain,showing fast and safe analgesic efficacy.

The property theory of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is regarded as the core and basic of Chinese medical theory, however, the underlying mechanism of the properties in CHMs remains unclear, which impedes a barrier for the modernization of Chinese herbal medicine. The properties of CHM are often categorized into cold and heat according to the theory of Chinese medicine, which are essential to guide the clinical application of CHMs. There is an urgent demand to build a cold/heat property classification model to facilitate the property theory of Chinese herbal medicine, as well as to clarify the controversial properties of some herbs. Based on previous studies on the cold/heat properties of CHM, in this paper, we described a novel strategy on building a cold/heat property classification model based on herbal bio-effect. The interdisciplinary cooperation of systems biology, pharmacological network, and pattern recognition technique might lighten the study on cold/heat property theory, provide a scientific model for determination the cold/heat property of herbal medicines, and a new strategy for expanding the Chinese herbal medicine resources as well.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Herbal Medicine ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Objective To explore the relationship between transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG),and to analyze the possible mechanism for ORG and the new approach to its treatment.Methods Based on their body weight,30 SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups : the normal control group (15 rats) fed with common food and the ORG model group (15 rats) fed with fat-enriched diets.The rats were sacrificed at the end of the 8th week,and their kidneys were taken out.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect TGF-β1 protein expression.Real time (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to extract and detect the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA,and Western blot was applied to examine the expression of TGF-β1 protein.The findings were analyzed by using SPSS 13.0 software.Results Compared with the control group, qualitative TGF-β1 expression in ORG model group were significantly increased detected by immunohistochemistry mainly in renal tubules and interstitium.The average absorbance value of the control group and the model ORG group was 0.040-0.013,0.171 ± 0.084, respectively.The difference was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).The expression of TGF-β1 mRNA detected by RT-PCR was also increased compared with that of the control group(4.4 vs 0.6).The difference was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).The protein expression of TGF-β 1 examined by Western blot showed that it was more than that in the control group(4.3 vs 0.4).The difference between the control group and ORG model group was statistically significant(P =0.002).Conclusions The expression of TGF-β 1 in kidneys of ORG model rats increased, which not only indicates it can participate in ORG's occurrence and development, but also provide the basis to find out the mechanism and the approach to treatment.

Objective To comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of health education interventions on endemic fluorosis for Chinese students and housewives,and to provide a basis for prevention and control of the disease.Methods A computerized literature search was carried out in CBM(Chinese Biomedical Database),CNKI (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure),Wan-fang,VIP,Pub-Med,Web of Knowledge and EBSCO to collect articles published at home and abroad between 1994-2012 concerning the effectiveness of health education interventions on endemic fluorosis for Chinese students and housewives.The study was a self-controlled intervention study.The quality of literature was evaluated using the standards of Cochrane and EPOC.Meta-analysis was performed to assess the knowledge about fluorosis prevention using Rev-Man 5.0.Homogeneous data(P ＞ 0.05) was analyzed using a fixed effects model,and heterogeneous data (P≤ 0.05) was analyzed using a random effects model.Results A total of 146 Chinese research papers and 192 English research papers were retrieved.By screening,35 Chinese research papers meet the standards.After reading the full text,6 papers were selected.English literature was not found.According to EPOC criteria all the six literatures included were grade B.Because heterogeneity of the literatures was higher,knowledge point was stratify analyzed according to the study subjects.The intervention effect of students was higher than that of the housewives.After the intervention,the fluorosis disease prevention knowledge awareness of schoolchildren and housewives were increased by 28％ and 26％.Conclusions Health education has a good effect in improving the knowledge of fluorosis for Chinese students and housewives.

Objective To investigate the effects of nitric oxide (NO) inhalation on the expression of TNF-?,IL-8 and CD11b mRNA in lung tissue during acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by intravenous injection of endotoxin in dogs.Methods Twelve pure bred beagle dogs of both sexs weighing 8-12.5 kg were randomly divided into 2 groups: NO group received mechanical ventilation with NO inhalation (n = 6) and control group received only mechanical ventilation ( n = 6) . Sepsis and ARDS were induced by intravenous injection of endotoxin as described in detail in our previous paper. Hemodynamics and pulmonary oxygenation were monitored and shunt fraction was calculated. At the end of experiment the animals were sacrificed and lung tissue was obtained aseptically and stored in the liquid nitrogen at - 180℃ . The total RNA was extracted. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of TNF-?,IL-8 and CD11b mRNA. The total RNA was reversely transcripted to cDNA. Then the cDNA was amplified by PCR. The product of PCR was scanned by gel-image analysis system.?-action was used as internal control. Semi-quantitative method was adopted for measurement of TNF-? ,IL-8 and CD11b mRNA expression. Results The expression of TNF-?, IL-8 and CD11b mRNA in lung tissue was significantly decreased in NO group compared with those in control group.Conclusion NO inhalation reduces expression of TNF-?, IL-8 and CDllb mRNA in lung tissue during ARDS induced by intravenous endotoxin.

Objective To study the causes and treatment of severe intraspinal canal infections after spinal operation. Methods Five cases of severe postoperative intraspinal canal infections were analysed retrospectively. Their causes, clinical courses were studied. The principle of prevention and treatment was summarized. Results All of the cases have good results except one had sequelae of mild disturbance of sensation and motion in both lower limbs. Conclusion 1)Intraspinal canal infection is one of the most severe postoperative complications. Preoperative preparation, aseptic techniques, intraoperative and postoperative treatments is of great importance to prevent severe intraspinal canal infections. 2) Bed rest, systemic support and large-dose of blood brain barrier permeable antibiotics is also very important to treat severe postoperative intraspinal canal infections.

Objective To investigate the effect of Atorvastatin on the proliferation and apoptosis of leukemic HL-60-cell line,and to explore the possible role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine/threonine protein kinase /mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway in this process.Methods HL-60 cells were incubated with different concentrations of Atorvastatin (1,5,10 μmol/L),and HL-60 cells without any treatment were used as controls.The proliferation of HL-60 which was investigated by four methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay when cells were cultured for 12,24,48 hours.The apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry after cells were incubated for 48 hours.The mRNA and protein expressions of AKT,PI3K and mTOR were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot methods,respectively.Results The results indicated that Atorvastatin could inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of HL-60 cells.When treated with 10 μmol/L Atorvastatin after 48 h,the proliferation inhibition of HL-60 was observed most obviously,with a high rate of (39.77 ± 3.01) ％,compared with the control group,it had statistical significance (t =4.016,P ＜ 0.01),meanwhile,the apoptosis of HL-60 was most notable,at a rate of (43.29 ±3.91)％,compared with the control group,it had statistical significance (t =3.625,P ＜ 0.05).There were basal expression of AKT,PI3K and mTOR in the control group.When treated with 10 μmol/L Atorvastatin after 48 h,the mRNA expression of PI3K,AKT and mTOR were down-regulated most obviously,at a decrease of (37.05 ± 4.11) ％,(53.79 ± 3.27) ％,(40.63 ± 2.42) ％ (t =4.805,3.799,4.312,all P ＜ 0.05),respectively,in comparison with the control group.At the same condition,the protein expression of PI3K,AKT and mTOR were decreased most visibly,with a decline of (41.09 ± 3.17) ％,(45.67 ± 2.92) ％,(63.41 ± 3.59) ％ (t =3.576,4.727,4.902,all P ＜ 0.05) respectively in comparison with the control group.Conclusions Atorvastatin can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of leukemic cell HL-60,and the mechanism may be associated with the PI3K/ AKT/mTOR signal pathway.

Objective To understand the clinical characteristics of staphylococcal bloodstream infection in patients with secondary immunodeficiency,as well as the distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (SAU)and coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CNS).Methods A total of 101 patients with Staphylococcus isolated from blood sample were retrospectively reviewed in our hospital.The patients were classified into a group with secondary immunodeficiency and another group with normal immune function as control group.SPSS 18.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data,and compare the two groups of patients in terms of clinical characteristics,pathogens,antibiotic resistance,etc.Results All the 70 patients with staphylococcal bloodstream infection and secondary immunodeficiency had various degrees of fever except 2 cases (temperature < 36 ℃).Chills and shiver were reported in 30.0% of the patients,and migratory lesions in 15.5% of the patients.Lungs were the most common site of infection.About 11.4% of the patients complicated with septic shock.The case strains of SAU,of which 18 (43.9%)strains were MRSA,CNS 29 (41.4%)strains,of which 24 (82.8%)strains were MRCNS.In the control group,26 (83.9%)strains of SAU were identified,of which 11 (42.3%)strains were MRSA,and all the 5 (16.1%)strains of CNS were identified as MRCNS.The incidence of CNS infection in the patients with secondary immunodeficiency was significantly different from that in the control group (P =0.013).All the MRS strains were multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO)except one strain of Staphylococcus intermedius .The staphylococcal strains isolated from the patients with secondary immunodeficiency showed high rate of resistance to penicillin (100%), clindamycin (73.0%), erythromycin (90.0%)and gentamycin (61.0%).No strain was found resistant to tigecycline,linezolid or vancomycin.The resistance rate did not show significant difference between the patients with or without secondary immunodeficiency. Conclusions The clinical characteristics of staphylococcal bloodstream infection in the patients with secondary immunodeficiency are similar to the patients without secondary immunodeficiency,except higher incidence of septic shock and death,but the incidence of CNS infection is relatively higher,MDRO is more prevalent.Antimicrobial agents should be prescribed in clinical practice according to disease conditions and the result of antimicrobial susceptibility testing.