Objective To analyse correlated risk factors of evolving cerebral infarction(ECI).Methods The follow data was recorded in the acute cerebral infarction (ACI)cases when they were admitted :sex,age,systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),history of disease (diabetes mellitus,hypertension,hyperlipidaemia,cerebral infarction,hyperuricemia or smoking).The following examinations or determinations were done,including:white blood cell count (WBC),platelet count (PLT),blood gluconate(GLU),PT-INR,fibrinogen(FG),TT-INR,APTT-INR,C-reactive protein(CRP),D-dimer(D-D),products of fibrin degradation(FDP),anti-thrombin Ⅲ(ATⅢ),apolipoprotein A(apoA),apolipoprotein B(apoB),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(CR),triglyceride (TG),high density lipoprotein (HDL),low density lipoprotein (LDL),very low density lipoprotein (VLDL),GOT,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),creatine phosphokinase (CPK),MB isoforms of creatine phosphokinase (CPK-MB),? hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (?-HBDH),troponin I(TnI),cerebral CT or MRI and carotid ultrasonography.The patients were divided into two groups,ECI and completed cerebral infarction (CCI),according whether neurons function scale deteriorated.When cases of both groups exceeded 50,we took statistic test by SPSS10.0 statistic software.Results 8 of the above 46 markers had significant defference between the two groups,including CRP,WBC,apoB,GLU,LDH,CPK-MB,?-HBDH and DBP.ECI was more common in patients who had lower DBP or higher CRP,WBC,apoB,GLU,LDH,CPK-MB,?-HBDH when they were admitted.Conclusion The increase of CRP,WBC,apoB,GLU,LDH,CPK-MB,?-HBDH or decrease of DBP when patients are admitted can be predictive markers of ECI.

AIM: To explore the effects of advanced gly cosyla tion end products (AGEs) on connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) mRNA expressi on and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in cultured rat renal mesangial cel ls. METHODS: Rat renal mesangial cells were cultured in vitro un der standard conditions. The content of fibronectin (FN) and type Ⅳ collagen (ColⅣ ) were determined with ELISA after stimulation by AGE-BSA and BSA, respectively. CTGF mRNA expression was assessed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: CTGF mRNA was significantly increased by AGE-BSA in cul tured mesangial cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner compared with BSA cont rol (P

Objective To study the effect of the complexus of radix salviae miltiorrhizae and lignstrazin (DCs) on the learning and memory impairment in Alzheimer disease rats. Methods Rats were randomly divided in- to 5 groups(10 rats/group):normal eontrol group, Alzheimer disease model group toxified with AlCl3 and D-gal,3 groups toxified with AICl3 and D-gal,whieh were treated with the different drugs including piracetam and DCs1,2. After 80 days,step-through and morris water maze experiments were used to detect the learning and memory ability. Results Compared with Alzheimer disease model group,DCs obviously improved the learing and memory ability of Alzheimer disease rats,it is increased significantly that active reaction, and the number of active avoidance, improve achievement, evasion failed to reduce the number of passive evade significantly shorten the delay time in Des-treated group. Conclusion DCs markedly improved the learing and memory ability of Alzheimer disease rats.

To investigate the short term anti HBV efficacy of foscarnet sodium, sixty seven patients with various types of chronic hepatitis B were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (47 cases) was assigned to receive foscarnet sodium 3 0g by intravenous infusion twice daily in addition to general liver protective medicine for 15 days. The control group (20 cases) was treated with regular liver protective medicine only. The quantity of HBV DNA was measured with equivalent competitive PCR combining with DNA hybridization quantitative detection technique before and after treatment (once a week). The HBV markers and liver functions were also tested before and after treatment. In antiviral therapy group, the patients with different types of hepatitis B had their liver functions improved. HBV DNA in 13 patients became negative by PCR. Two of HBeAg positive patients became sero converted. Foscarnet sodium can inhibit HBV efficiently and quickly. The replication of HBV DNA can be greatly suppressed in the first week but without significant change in the second week in some cases. Foscarnet can be one of the drugs of choice in a combined therapy or as the initial drug in a sequential therapeutic regime.

Objective To analyze the clinical presentations and radiological characteristics of acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).Methods Clinical and radiological data of 2 patients with acute exacerbation of IPF from April 2006 to July 2008 were retrospectively analyzed and literatures were reviewed.Results Both patients were senior male patients over 60 years old.Dyspnea, cough and inspiratory crackles were the major symptoms and signs.Two patients were experiencing an exacerbation of dyspnea for one week and half of month,respectively.PaO2/FiO2 of both patients was less than 225 mm Hg.In both patients, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans at the exacerbation showed typical signs of IPF including peripheral predominant, basal predominant reticular abnormality, with honeycombing and traction bronchiectasis and bronchiolectasis,and newly developing alveolar opacity.HRCT scan showed peripheral area of ground-glass attenuation adjacent to subpleural honeycombing in one patient,and diffusely distributed ground-glass opacity in another patient.Two patients had received cortieosteroid treatment.For one patient, the symptoms improved, and ground-glass attenuation adjacent to subpleural honeycombing had almostly resolved.The other patient died of respiratory failure.Conclusions Some acute exacerbation in idiopatic pulmonary fibrosis can be idiopathic.The chnical presentations mainly include the worsening of dyspnea within short time.HRCT generally demonstrates new bilateral ground-glass abnormality with or without areas of consolidation, superimposed on typical changes of IPF.

Objective To explore the possibility of anterior open reduction and internal fixation to treat the lower cervical irreducible dislocation. Methods 15 cases of lower cervical irreducible dislocation were treated by the anterior open reduction and internal fixation, 11 cases were male and 4 cases were female, 10 cases were unilateral facet locked and 5 eases were bilateral facet locked which were confirmed by the MRI and CT scan. All the cases were failed to the skull traction before operation and received anterior open reduction and plate fixation, and interver-tebral fusion. All the cases were followed up, the recovery of neurological function and the fusion rate were evaluated. Results 15 cases were completely reduction and none of them got a worse neurological function. Conclusion The treatment effect of anterior open reduction and fixation for the lower cervical irreducible dislocation were good.

Objective To evaluate the academic status of the researchers in pediatric department of Peking university first hospital, we conducted bibliometric analysis of research on the scientific publications. Methods The total number, first authors, and the citing and cited conditions of these papers published from 1999 to 2000 were analyzed by bibliometric methods. Results There were total 513 papers including 275 original articles published in 59 journals from 1999 to 2003.There were 238 papers written in Chinese, of which 188 papers (79 %) were from the core journals. In the 37 original articles written in English, 31 papers(83.8 %) were select-ed by science citation index(SCI).The average of impact factors (IF) of sourcing journals was 1.447(0.107 -7.717). The averages of IF per year ranged from 0. 768 to 2.206.The original articles selected by SCI were totally cited 38 times. Every article was cited 1.41 times in average.Of all 275 papers,each had an average of 9.8 citing reference, increasing from 8.1 in 1999 to 12.0 in 2003.About 80.7 % of those references were written in foreign languages.The Price's index of those papers was 43.2%.Conclusions The number of papers kept improving in the past 5 years, and had a significant improvement in 2003.The authors showes great talents to use English articles as their main information sources. But the utilization of the last published papers in this subject should be im-proved.

Objective: To observe the effect of compound preparation of milkvetch root and breviscapine (HDs) on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in blood and brain and memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease rats.Methods: The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (10 rats /group): the normal control group, Alzheimer's disease (AD) model group induced by AlCl3(5 mg·kg -1·d-1,ig) and D-gal (40 mg·kg-1·d-1,ip), and 3 AD groups respectively treated with different drugs including piracetam (0.15 g·kg-1·d-1,ig), HDs1(1.5 ml·kg-1·d-1,ip) and HDs2 (3 ml·kg-1·d-1,ip).After 90-day treatment, the step-down test was used to detect the learning and memory ability, and SOD and LDH activity and MDA concentration in blood and brain were examined as well.Results: Compared with that in AD model group, the ability of learning and memory was improved, the activity of SOD and LDH increased significantly, the concentration of MDA decreased significantly in blood and brain in HDs treated groups.The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but they were not restored to normal levels.Some indexes of HDs2 group were better than those of piracetam positive control group and HDs1 group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion: HDs can effectively reduce MDA concentration, increase SOD and LDH activity in blood and brain, and improve the ability of learning and memory of AD rats.

AIM: To investigate the effects of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in rat mesangial cells and its relationship with extracellular matrix accumulation. METHODS: Rat mesangial cells were treated with AGE-modified bovine serum albumin or native bovine serum albumin. Normal mesangial cells without any treatments were used as control. Fibronectin (FN), collagen Ⅳ, PAI-1 protein contents were detected by ELISA. PAI-1 mRNA was analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: AGEs (0-200 mg/L) did not influence mesangial cells proliferation, but stimulated FN , collagen IV and PAI-1 contents in mesangial cell cultured medium in different degrees. AGEs also increased PAI-1 mRNA expression. CONCLUSION: AGEs increase the expression of PAI-1 in rat mesangial cells. AGEs may reduce ECM degradation through increasing PAI-1 expression, which may be one of the mechanisms of ECM accumulation in diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To investigate the postnatal developmental rule of TrkA and ChAT\|immunoreactive(ChAT\|ir) neurons and the relationship between TrkA and ChAT\|ir neurons in the horizontal limb of diagonal band(HDB) of rats. Methods Immunohistochemistry technique combined with image analyser were used. Results TrkA and ChAT\|ir neurons localized in the neurons of basal forebrain of rats. TrkA immunostaining was present at postnatal day 1(PD1), but ChAT immunostaining was present at PD5 Most densely stained TrkA and ChAT neuronal bodies and fibers were present at PD20, while the mean grey degrees of TrkA and ChAT\|ir neurons reached to the peak. Both TrkA and ChAT began to decline at PD30 and maintain a relatively higher level in the adult. However, during aging both TrkA and ChAT\|ir neurons atrophied and became smaller than that of adult. The number of TrkA and ChAT\|ir neurons decreased 39 8% and 33 3%;the mean areas 15 7% and 12 8%; the mean grey degree values were 29 9% and 9 9%, respectively. The mean areas, grey degrees and numbers of TrkA and ChAT\|ir neurons from PD5 to aged rats had positive correlation. Conclusion The results indicate that the expression of TrkA was earlier than ChAT. The expression of TrkA and ChAT followed a very similar temporal pattern in HDB from PD5 to aged rats, suggesting that TrkA may participate in the regulation of ChAT\|ir neuronal development, differentiation, maturation and aging. The down\|regulation of TrkA and ChAT of aged rats is associated with neuronal atrophy and loss and may contribute to the pronounced vulnerability of these neurons to degeneration in aging animals and Alzheimer disease.\;