Hamstring strain injury (HSI) is one of the most common injuries in athletes, which seriously reduces the mechanical properties of the muscles and affects the performance of the athletes. If not fully recovered, it will lead to secondary hamstring injuries and even permanent functional deficits. Therefore, prevention of HSI is particularly important. At present, the prevention strategies of HSI at home and abroad mainly focus on strength training, but high-intensity strength training can easily lead to muscle and joint injuries. By contrast, pliability training is a better choice for HSI prevention, for it involves stretching, joint movement and circuit training, etc, which can improve muscle extensibility, with lower intensity and higher safety than centrifugal strength training. In sports practice and clinical application, there are many problems such as inappropriate training volume, incomplete programs or poor effect, due to a lack of sufficient knowledge of pliability training in the prevention of HIS and a unified standard for training programs. For this purpose, the authors reviewed the effects of pliability training on the function and sports performance of hamstring muscles and its application in the prevention of HIS so as to provide reference for the effective prevention of HSI.