OBJECTIVETo compare the antioxidant active components from two species of chamomile-matricaria and Roman chamomile produced in Xinjiang.

METHODThe TLC-bioautography was used, with 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical as the experimental model. The peak areas of various antioxidant components were obtained by TLC-scanning for analyzing antioxidant active components contained in volatile oil extracts and flavone extracts from the two species of chamomiles. The total peak area was taken as the indicator for comparing the antioxidant capacities of the two types of extracts, and comparing them with the total antioxidant activity of flavone extracts of the two species of chamomiles.

RESULTSAccording to the result of TLC-bioautography in volatile oil extracts from the two species of chamomiles, volatile oil extracts from chamomile showed four white antioxidant spots, including en-yne-dicycloether, and volatile oil extracts from Roman chamomile showed only one white antioxidant spot. The TLC-scanning result showed that the peak area of antioxidant spots of volatile oil extracts from chamomile was significantly larger than that of volatile oil extracts from Roman chamomile. According to the test on the antioxidant activity of the two species of chamomiles with ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, the concentration of chamomile after scavenging 50% of DPPH radicals was 0.66 g x L(-1), whereas the figure for Roman chamomile was 0.33 g x L(-1). According to the result of TLC-bioautography in flavone extracts from the two species of chamomiles, flavone extracts from chamomile showed seven yellowish antioxidant spots, including apigenin and apigenin-7-glucoside, and flavone extracts of Roman chamomile showed eight yellowish antioxidant spots, including apigenin and apigenin-7-glucoside. The TLC-scanning results showed that the peak area of antioxidant spots of flavone extracts from Roman chamomile was significantly larger than that of flavone extracts from chamomile.

CONCLUSIONVolatile oil extracts from the two species of chamomiles have significant difference in the antioxidant activity in TLC-bioautography. Specifically, the antioxidant activity of volatile oil extracts from chamomile is stronger than volatile oil extracts from Roman chamomile; the known antioxidant active components in volatile oil extracts from chamomile is en-yne-dicycloether, while all of the other three antioxidant active components as well as antioxidant active components in volatile oil extracts from Roman chamomile are unknown components and remain to be further determined. Considering the significant difference in the number of antioxidant active spots in volatile oil extracts from the two species of chamomiles, the result can be applied to distinguish the two species of chamomiles. The antioxidant activity determination result for flavone extracts from two species of chamomiles was consistent with the result of TLC-bioautography, showing that flavone extracts from chamomile and Roman chamomile are more antioxidant active, while that of Roman chamomile is stronger than chamomile. Flavone extracts from both of the two species of chamomiles contain apigenin and pigenin-7-glucoside, which are known, while all of the other five antioxidant active components contained in flavone extracts from chamomile and the other six antioxidant active components contained in flavone extracts from Roman chamomile are unknown and remain to be further identified. The method lays a foundation for further identification of antioxidant active components contained in chamomile.

Antioxidants ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Apigenin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Biphenyl Compounds ; metabolism ; Chamaemelum ; chemistry ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; methods ; Flavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Free Radical Scavengers ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Matricaria ; chemistry ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Picrates ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Oils ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo study the expressions and the significance of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the remnant stomach.

METHODSFifty-eight patients with gastrectomy were examined by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Two biopsy specimens were obtained from the stoma and the upper corpus gastric mucosa in the remnant stomach. mRNA was extracted from biopsy specimens to measure the IL-8 and COX-2 gene mRNA levels by real-time PCR method.

RESULTSIL-8 and COX-2 levels were higher in stoma than in corpus, IL-8 levels in BI anastomosis were significantly higher in stoma than in corpus (P< 0.05). In Hp-negative patients, IL-8 and COX-2 levels in stoma were significantly higher in BII anastomosis than in BI anastomosis (P < 0.05). In Hp-positive patients, IL-8 and COX-2 levels in stoma showed no significant differences between BII anastomosis and BI anastomosis. In corpus, IL-8 and COX-2 levels in Hp-positive patients were significantly higher than those in Hp-negative patients, (P < 0.05), including in BI anastomosis and in BII anastomosis.

CONCLUSIONSThe risk of the secondary stomach carcinogenesis in stoma after distal gastrectomy is higher than that in corpus; The types of anastomosis may influence the risk for the secondary stomach carcinogenesis in the remnant stomach mucosa.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Gastric Stump ; surgery ; Gastroenterostomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Helicobacter Infections ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; Stomach Neoplasms ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo study the expression and significance of interleukin-8 (IL-8), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and trefoil family factor 1 (TFF1) in the remnant stomach mucosa.

METHODSPatients after gastrectomy were examined by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Biopsy specimens were obtained from stoma and the greater curvature of the upper corpus to be assessed for Hp (by H.E. and Giemsa staining) and conduct real-time semi-quantitative PCR. mRNA was extracted from the biopsy specimens to determine the IL-8, COX-2 and TFF1 gene mRNA levels by real-time PCR method.

RESULTSIn the stoma, COX-2 level in Hp-positive patients was significantly higher than that in Hp-negative patients, but the difference of IL-8 levels between them was not significant. In the corpus, IL-8 and COX-2 levels in Hp-positive patients were significantly higher than those in Hp-negative patients. In Hp-negative patients, IL-8 and COX-2 levels in the stoma were significantly higher in B II anastomosis than in B I anastomosis cases; COX-2 level in the stoma was significantly higher in B II anastomosis than in B I anastomosis cases, but the difference of IL-8 levels between them was not significant. TFF1 level in the remnant stomach mucosa showed no significant difference between Hp-positive and Hp-negative patients.

CONCLUSIONHp infection and bile reflux are important risk factors for the secondary stomach carcinogenesis. Expression of IL-8 and COX-2 in the remnant stomach mucosa is related to the risk of secondary stomach carcinogenesis. The relationship between the TFF1 expression and secondary stomach carcinogenesis in the remnant stomach mucosa is still unclear and should further be studied.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Gastric Mucosa ; metabolism ; Gastric Stump ; Helicobacter Infections ; metabolism ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Risk Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; microbiology ; surgery ; Trefoil Factor-1 ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of herceptin(trastuzumab) plus adjuvant chemotherapy on the prognosis of patients with human epithelial growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive early-stage breast cancer by Meta-analysis. METHODS: Search all of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on herceptin plus adjuvant chemotherapy for HER2 positive early-stage breast cancer in MEDLINE, EMBase, Cochrane library, Clinical Trails, ASCO Conference data, CHKD, Wanfang Database, VIP information, scholar.google.com and SIGLE. A Meta-analysis was carried out by collecting information based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria from all papers available. RESULTS: The Meta-analysis included 4 trials. A total of 9116 patients were included in the analysis(4555 in the study group and 4561 in the control group). There were statistical differences between the study group(herceptin plus adjuvant chemotherapy) and the control group(adjuvant chemotherapy) in the disease-free survival rate [relative risk(RR)=1.08, 95% CI, 1.06-1.09, P<0.001], the overall survival rate(RR=1.01, 95% CI, 1.01-1.02, P=0.0003), the distant recurrence rate(RR=0.49, 95% CI, 0.42-0.57, P<0.001), and the cardiac events rate (RR=3.93,95% CI, 1.03-15.06, P=0.05). CONCLUSION Herceptin plus adjuvant chemotherapy can improve the disease-free survival rate and the overall survival rate, decrease distant recurrence rate of patients with HER2 positive early-stage breast cancer, but may cause heart toxicity, especially when combined with anthracycline (doxorubicin).
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Female ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; genetics ; Trastuzumab

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between the polymorphism of HLA-DQA1 alleles and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Yunnan Hans.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers(PCR-SSP) genotyping method was conducted in 108 Han patients with type 2 diabetes and 56 ethnically matched controls from the same area of Yunnan Province.

RESULTSHLA-DQA1*0301(RR=3.092, P<0.01) and DQA1*0501 (RR=3.257, P<0.05) allelic frequencies in type 2 diabetic patients were significantly higher than those in non-diabetic control subjects respectively. HLA-DQA1*0401 (RR=0.371, P<0.01) allelic frequencies in patients were significantly decreased, compared with controls; HLA-DQA1*0302 (RR=3.356, P<0.01) allelic frequencies in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy were significantly increased.

CONCLUSIONHLA-DQA1*0301 and DQA1*0501 are susceptible genes of type 2 diabetes in Yunnan Han nationality; in reverse, HLA-DQA1*0401 is a resistant gene. HLA-DQA1*0302 is a susceptible gene of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alleles ; China ; ethnology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; genetics ; Female ; HLA-DQ Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DQ alpha-Chains ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between the polymorphism of HLA-DRB1 alleles and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Yi nationality of Yunnan.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) genotyping method was conducted in 79 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 47 ethnically matched controls in Yi Nationality Autonomous Prefecture, Chuxiong.

RESULTSHLA-DR7 and DR11 allele frequencies in type 2 diabetic mellitus patients were significantly higher than those in non-diabetic control subjects respectively(P is 0.009, RR is 8.329;P is 0.029, RR is 7.734).

CONCLUSIONDR7 and DR11 alleles are probably susceptible genes of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Yunnan Yi nationality.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alleles ; Base Sequence ; China ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; HLA-DR Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between the polymorphism of HLA-DQA1 alleles and type 2 diabetes in Yi nationality of Yunnan.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) genotyping method was conducted in 58 ethnic Yi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 82 ethnically matched controls from Chuxiong of Yunnan. Then a study was made on the association between the polymorphism of HLA-DQA1 alleles and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

RESULTSThe frequency of HLA-DQA1*0301 allele in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was significantly higher than that in the healthy controls (P=0.002, RR=3.097), and the frequency of HLA-DQA1*0601 in the patients was significantly lower (P=0.025, RR=0.429).

CONCLUSIONIn Yi nationality of Yunnan, HLA-DQA1*0301 allele may be a susceptible gene and the HLA-DQA1*0601 allele may protect individuals from the risk of diabetes mellitus.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; HLA-DQ Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DQ alpha-Chains ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of the nano-hydroxyapatite/ collagen (nHAC) as a scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. METHODS: The normal cartilage from patients after total hip arthroplasty of osteoarthritis was selected, and then chondrocytes were digested, separated, and amplificate in vitro. The chondrocytes were seeded onto the nHAC scaffold and were cultured in a 3-dimensional environment for 5 and 10 days. The effects of the composite scaffold on the cell adhesion, proliferation, morphological changes, and synthesis of the extracellular matrix were observed by scanning electronic microscopy and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The chondrocytes could adhere to the surface of the scaffolds, proliferate, and migrate into the scaffolds. They maintained round and could secrete extracellular matrix on the porous scaffold. CONCLUSION The nHAC can be used as the cartilage cell carrier.
Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes ; cytology ; Collagen ; Durapatite ; Humans ; Prostheses and Implants ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) on the concentration of NO and PGE(2) in the supernatant of rabbit articular chondrocytes induced by IL-1, and to explore the mechanism of IGF-1 in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: The samples were divided into 7 groups: IL-1beta 10 microg/L group, IL-1beta 10 microg/L+IGF-1 1 microg/L group, IL-1beta 10 microg/L+IGF-1 10 microg/L group, IL-1beta 10 microg/L+IGF-1 50 microg/L group, IL-1beta 10 microg/L+IGF-1 100 microg/L group, IGF-1 50 microg/L group, and a blank control group. The chondrocytes from the articular cartilage of 2 month old rabbits were cultivated and identified, and then co-cultured in the second filial generation chondrocytes on plates with or without recombinant human IGF-1 or IL-1. The concentration of NO was detected by nitrate reductase kit, and that of PGE(2) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were analyzed by statistical method. RESULTS: The average value of NO and PGE(2) was (89.971+/-10.224) micromol/L and (22.028+/-8.731) micromol/L in the IL-1beta 10 microg/L group, and (12.404+/-8.809) micromol/L and (1.900+/-0.227) ng/L in the blank control group. The concentration of NO and PGE(2) in IL-1beta 10 microg/L group was significantly higher than that in the blank control group (P<0.05). At the same concentration of 10 microg/L, IGF-1 could dose-dependently decrease the increase of NO and PGE(2) concentration induced by IL-1beta in the chondrocytes supernatant in vitro, and the optimum concentration of IGF-1 was 50 microg/L. CONCLUSION IL-1 can significantly increase the concentration of NO and PGE(2), and IGF-1 can dose-dependently decrease the concentration of NO and PGE(2) in the chondrocytes supernatant in vitro. The optimum concentration of IGF-1 was 50 microg/L.
Animals ; Cartilage, Articular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Dinoprostone ; metabolism ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; pharmacology ; Interleukin-1 ; pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Osteoarthritis ; metabolism ; Rabbits

【Objective】 To investigate the impact of conditioned medium derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) pretreated by ghrelin on proliferation, migration and apoptosis of endothelial cells(EA.hy926) and its underlying mechanism. 【Methods】 Rat BMSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro by the whole bone marrow adherence method, and surface markers of BMSCs were identified with flow cytometry. The conditioned medium of BMSCs and BMSCs pretreated by high, moderate and low concentration(100 nmol/L, 10 nmol/L and 1 nmol/L) of ghrelin for 24 hours was collected and co⁃cultured with EA.hy926 for 24 hours, and the serum⁃free medium was considered as the control group. Cell viability was detected by cell counting kit⁃8 while migration ability was analyzed by scratch assays. The cell apoptosis rates were measured by Annexin V method after treatment of lipopolysaccharide for 24 hours, and the protein expression of bax, caspase3, and β⁃catenin were detected by western blot. 【Results】 Compared with untreated BMSCs group, high concentration of ghrelin pretreated BMSCs group indicated higher cell viability and migration ability(P< 0.05). In light of the result of flow cytometry, endothelial cells apoptosis rate of 100 nmol/L ghrelin pretreated BMSCs group(34.51±3.51%) were remarkably lower than that of untreated BMSCsgroup(P<0.05). As revealed by western blot, expression level of bax, caspase3, and β⁃catenin were reduced in 100 nmol/L ghrelin pretreated BMSCs group compared with untreated BMSCs group(P<0.05) . 【Conclusion】 Endothelial cell function was improved when co⁃cultured in conditioned medium of BMSCs pretreated by ghrelin, and the attenuation of LPS⁃induced apoptosis was related with inhibition of Wnt/β⁃catenin signal path in endothelial cells.